MICHAEL SCANLON
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5000766 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | MICHAEL SCANLON |
| NOMBRES | MICHAEL |
| APELLIDO | SCANLON |
| FIRMA | SCANLON M |
| AFILIACIONES | Indiana University Health |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0334-5640 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 4 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 23 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2010 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
“There is a light that our wives had not seen before”
The Chamas for Change (Chamas) program is an innovative three-year community-based gender-responsive intervention in Western Kenya. During this period, the program provides peer support, microfinance initiatives, and health education to pregnant women. A randomized control trial demonstrated significant improvements in maternal and child health outcomes for program participants. This qualitative study explored community perceptions of the program…
Effects of a gender-responsive maternal, newborn and child health program on health and economic outcomes during Covid-19 in Kenya
The Chamas program effectively sustained maternal and child health practices during the COVID-19 pandemic through adapted CHW support but showed limited ability to protect members from economic hardship. This demonstrates both the resilience and limitations of community-based interventions during widespread crises. Our results highlight the need for robust governmental support and social protection measures to address underlying economic vulnerab…
Factors associated with caregiver compliance to an HIV disclosure intervention and its effect on HIV and mental health outcomes among children living with HIV
Background: The HADITHI study is a cluster-randomized trial of children living with HIV and their caregivers in Kenya that aimed to increase rates of caregiver disclosure of their child's HIV status, encourage earlier status disclosure, and improve pediatric mental health and HIV outcomes. This analysis identified characteristics predicting caregiver non-responsiveness and compared outcomes among children based on disclosure status. Methods: A pe…
A Global Health Reciprocal Innovation grant programme
Unilateral approaches to global health innovations can be transformed into cocreative, uniquely collaborative relationships between low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HIC), constituted as ‘reciprocal innovation’ (RI). Since 2018, the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CTSI) and Indiana University (IU) Center for Global Health Equity have led a grants programme sculpted from the core eleme…
Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on late postpartum women living with HIV in Kenya
Although an estimated 1.4 million women living with HIV (WHIV) are pregnant each year globally, data describing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited. To address this gap, we conducted phone surveys among 170 WHIV ≥18 years and 18–24 months postpartum enrolled in HIV care at the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare in western Kenya, and assessed the effects of the…
Multi-media teacher training and HIV-related stigma among primary and secondary school teachers in Western Kenya
HIV stigma is associated with delayed HIV disclosure and worse clinical outcomes for adolescents living with HIV (ALWH). Teachers critically influence school environments, but are understudied in terms of HIV stigma. We implemented a school-level, cluster-randomized trial to assess the impact of a one-day multi-media training on the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (K/A/B) of school teachers in western Kenya. Teachers' K/A/B were evaluated at bas…
Ethical Considerations for Engaging Children and Adolescents Living with HIV in Research in African Countries
Research engaging children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH) is critical for youth-friendly services and HIV care, and researchers need to ensure that such engagement is ethical. We conducted a systematic review to identify key ethical considerations for the engagement of CALWH in research. The review focused on primary research articles conducted in African countries that examined ethical issues in CALWH engaged in research. Ten studies me…
It is like an umbrella covering you, yet it does not protect you from the rain”
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are increasingly adopting mandatory social health insurance programs. In Kenya, mandatory social health insurance is being implemented through the national health insurer, the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF), but the level of coverage, affordability and financial risk protection provided by health insurance, especially for rural informal households, is unclear. This study provides as assessment of affordabi…
Ethical Considerations for Engaging Youth Living with HIV in Research
Introduction: Engaging youth living with HIV (YLWH) in research is critical to improving HIV-related outcomes, but their involvement raises unaddressed bioethical questions. Methods: This study used qualitative inquiry with Kenyan YLWH, caregivers, and subject matter experts (SMEs) to evaluate ethical considerations and strategies for research involving YLWH. Results: Interviews were conducted with 99 participants: 40 YLWH (median age 17.5, 50% f…
A systematic review of interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma among primary and secondary school teachers
Reciprocal innovation
Global health researchers often discount mutual learning and benefit to address shared health challenges across high and low- and middle-income settings. Drawing from a 30-year partnership called AMPATH that started between Indiana University in the US and Moi University in Kenya, we describe an innovative approach and program for mutual learning and benefit coined 'reciprocal innovation.' Reciprocal innovation harnesses a bidirectional, co-const…
It was hell in the community’
We found that the impacts of strikes by health care workers in 2017 extended beyond negative health and economic effects and exacerbated fundamental inequities in the health system. While this study was conducted in one County, our findings suggest several potential avenues for strengthening maternal and child health care in Kenya that were highlighted by nationwide strikes in 2017
Perspectives of education sector stakeholders on a teacher training module to reduce HIV/Aids stigma in Western Kenya
Data from interviews with education sector stakeholders demonstrate that our process for developing a culturally appropriate multi-media intervention to reduce HIV stigma in the schools was feasible
A Pilot Study of a Mobile Intervention to Support Mental Health and Adherence Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Western Kenya
Mobile technologies represent potentially novel and scalable intervention delivery platforms for adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a prospective, mixed methods pilot study to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the WhatsApp ® platform to deliver individual counseling services and facilitate peer support for ALWH in western Kenya. Thirty ALWH (17 female, mean age 15.4) on ART, engaged in…
Improving maternal, newborn and child health outcomes through a community-based women’s health education program
INTRODUCTION: Community-based women's health education groups may improve maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH); however, evidence from sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. Chamas for Change (Chamas) is a community health volunteer (CHV)-led, group-based health education programme for pregnant and postpartum women in western Kenya. We evaluated Chamas' effect on facility-based deliveries and other MNCH outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a cluster rand…
Tablet-based disclosure counselling for HIV-infected children, adolescents, and their caregivers
Tablet computers containing resources for disclosure are an acceptable and potentially effective resource to help providers support families with disclosure. Further work is needed to train the clinical providers in using the resources in a developmentally appropriate manner, and to develop new resources on adolescent-specific and HIV-related topics
The HIV Prison Paradox
Incarcerated women face significant barriers to achieve continuous HIV care. We employed a descriptive, exploratory design using qualitative methods and the theoretical construct of agency to investigate participants' self-reported experiences accessing HIV services in jail, in prison, and post-release in two Alabama cities. During January 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 formerly incarcerated HIV-positive women. Two researchers com…
Characteristics of HIV-infected adolescents enrolled in a disclosure intervention trial in western Kenya
Knowledge of one's own HIV status is essential for long-term disease management, but there are few data on how disclosure of HIV status to infected children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with clinical and psychosocial health outcomes. We conducted a detailed baseline assessment of the disclosure status, medication adherence, HIV stigma, depression, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and quality of life among a cohort of …
Comprehensive Evaluation of Caregiver-Reported Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence for HIV-Infected Children
Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Offenders Following Arrest or Incarceration
Objectives. We sought to estimate rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among criminal offenders in the 1 year after arrest or release from incarceration. Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of risk of having a positive STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis) or incident-positive HIV test in the 1 year following arrest or incarceration in Marion County (Indianapolis), Indiana. Participants were 247 211 individuals with ar…
Equivalence and measurement properties of an electronic version of the Psoriasis Symptom Inventory
Community Perspectives on Research Consent Involving Vulnerable Children in Western Kenya
Involving vulnerable pediatric populations in international research requires culturally appropriate ethical protections. We sought to use mabaraza, traditional East African community assemblies, to understand how a community in western Kenya viewed participation of children in health research and informed consent and assent processes. Results from 108 participants revealed generally positive attitudes towards involving vulnerable children in res…
African American English in Urban Seattle
This study considers intraspeaker (style-related) variation and its links to both identity and authenticity in African American English (AAE) speech. It presents a case study of intraspeaker variation in one African American woman from Seattle, Washington, who maintains deep network connections with both African American and white speakers. We examine her variation in two showcase variables (ay-monophthongization; merger of pin-pen), drawing from…
African American English in Urban Seattle
This study considers intraspeaker (style-related) variation and its links to both identity and authenticity in African American English (AAE) speech. It presents a case study of intraspeaker variation in one African American woman from Seattle, Washington, who maintains deep network connections with both African American and white speakers. We examine her variation in two showcase variables (ay-monophthongization; merger of pin-pen), drawing from…
Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Offenders Following Arrest or Incarceration
Objectives. We sought to estimate rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among criminal offenders in the 1 year after arrest or release from incarceration. Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of risk of having a positive STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis) or incident-positive HIV test in the 1 year following arrest or incarceration in Marion County (Indianapolis), Indiana. Participants were 247 211 individuals with ar…
Community Perspectives on Research Consent Involving Vulnerable Children in Western Kenya
Involving vulnerable pediatric populations in international research requires culturally appropriate ethical protections. We sought to use mabaraza, traditional East African community assemblies, to understand how a community in western Kenya viewed participation of children in health research and informed consent and assent processes. Results from 108 participants revealed generally positive attitudes towards involving vulnerable children in res…
African American English in Urban Seattle
This study considers intraspeaker (style-related) variation and its links to both identity and authenticity in African American English (AAE) speech. It presents a case study of intraspeaker variation in one African American woman from Seattle, Washington, who maintains deep network connections with both African American and white speakers. We examine her variation in two showcase variables (ay-monophthongization; merger of pin-pen), drawing from…
Community Perspectives on Research Consent Involving Vulnerable Children in Western Kenya
Involving vulnerable pediatric populations in international research requires culturally appropriate ethical protections. We sought to use mabaraza, traditional East African community assemblies, to understand how a community in western Kenya viewed participation of children in health research and informed consent and assent processes. Results from 108 participants revealed generally positive attitudes towards involving vulnerable children in res…
Equivalence and measurement properties of an electronic version of the Psoriasis Symptom Inventory
Characteristics of HIV-infected adolescents enrolled in a disclosure intervention trial in western Kenya
Knowledge of one's own HIV status is essential for long-term disease management, but there are few data on how disclosure of HIV status to infected children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with clinical and psychosocial health outcomes. We conducted a detailed baseline assessment of the disclosure status, medication adherence, HIV stigma, depression, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and quality of life among a cohort of …
Comprehensive Evaluation of Caregiver-Reported Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence for HIV-Infected Children
Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Offenders Following Arrest or Incarceration
Objectives. We sought to estimate rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among criminal offenders in the 1 year after arrest or release from incarceration. Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of risk of having a positive STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis) or incident-positive HIV test in the 1 year following arrest or incarceration in Marion County (Indianapolis), Indiana. Participants were 247 211 individuals with ar…
The HIV Prison Paradox
Incarcerated women face significant barriers to achieve continuous HIV care. We employed a descriptive, exploratory design using qualitative methods and the theoretical construct of agency to investigate participants' self-reported experiences accessing HIV services in jail, in prison, and post-release in two Alabama cities. During January 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 formerly incarcerated HIV-positive women. Two researchers com…
Tablet-based disclosure counselling for HIV-infected children, adolescents, and their caregivers
Tablet computers containing resources for disclosure are an acceptable and potentially effective resource to help providers support families with disclosure. Further work is needed to train the clinical providers in using the resources in a developmentally appropriate manner, and to develop new resources on adolescent-specific and HIV-related topics
Improving maternal, newborn and child health outcomes through a community-based women’s health education program
INTRODUCTION: Community-based women's health education groups may improve maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH); however, evidence from sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. Chamas for Change (Chamas) is a community health volunteer (CHV)-led, group-based health education programme for pregnant and postpartum women in western Kenya. We evaluated Chamas' effect on facility-based deliveries and other MNCH outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a cluster rand…
It was hell in the community’
We found that the impacts of strikes by health care workers in 2017 extended beyond negative health and economic effects and exacerbated fundamental inequities in the health system. While this study was conducted in one County, our findings suggest several potential avenues for strengthening maternal and child health care in Kenya that were highlighted by nationwide strikes in 2017
Perspectives of education sector stakeholders on a teacher training module to reduce HIV/Aids stigma in Western Kenya
Data from interviews with education sector stakeholders demonstrate that our process for developing a culturally appropriate multi-media intervention to reduce HIV stigma in the schools was feasible
A Pilot Study of a Mobile Intervention to Support Mental Health and Adherence Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Western Kenya
Mobile technologies represent potentially novel and scalable intervention delivery platforms for adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a prospective, mixed methods pilot study to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the WhatsApp ® platform to deliver individual counseling services and facilitate peer support for ALWH in western Kenya. Thirty ALWH (17 female, mean age 15.4) on ART, engaged in…
A systematic review of interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma among primary and secondary school teachers
Reciprocal innovation
Global health researchers often discount mutual learning and benefit to address shared health challenges across high and low- and middle-income settings. Drawing from a 30-year partnership called AMPATH that started between Indiana University in the US and Moi University in Kenya, we describe an innovative approach and program for mutual learning and benefit coined 'reciprocal innovation.' Reciprocal innovation harnesses a bidirectional, co-const…
Factors associated with caregiver compliance to an HIV disclosure intervention and its effect on HIV and mental health outcomes among children living with HIV
Background: The HADITHI study is a cluster-randomized trial of children living with HIV and their caregivers in Kenya that aimed to increase rates of caregiver disclosure of their child's HIV status, encourage earlier status disclosure, and improve pediatric mental health and HIV outcomes. This analysis identified characteristics predicting caregiver non-responsiveness and compared outcomes among children based on disclosure status. Methods: A pe…
A Global Health Reciprocal Innovation grant programme
Unilateral approaches to global health innovations can be transformed into cocreative, uniquely collaborative relationships between low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HIC), constituted as ‘reciprocal innovation’ (RI). Since 2018, the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CTSI) and Indiana University (IU) Center for Global Health Equity have led a grants programme sculpted from the core eleme…
Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on late postpartum women living with HIV in Kenya
Although an estimated 1.4 million women living with HIV (WHIV) are pregnant each year globally, data describing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited. To address this gap, we conducted phone surveys among 170 WHIV ≥18 years and 18–24 months postpartum enrolled in HIV care at the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare in western Kenya, and assessed the effects of the…
Multi-media teacher training and HIV-related stigma among primary and secondary school teachers in Western Kenya
HIV stigma is associated with delayed HIV disclosure and worse clinical outcomes for adolescents living with HIV (ALWH). Teachers critically influence school environments, but are understudied in terms of HIV stigma. We implemented a school-level, cluster-randomized trial to assess the impact of a one-day multi-media training on the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (K/A/B) of school teachers in western Kenya. Teachers' K/A/B were evaluated at bas…
Ethical Considerations for Engaging Children and Adolescents Living with HIV in Research in African Countries
Research engaging children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH) is critical for youth-friendly services and HIV care, and researchers need to ensure that such engagement is ethical. We conducted a systematic review to identify key ethical considerations for the engagement of CALWH in research. The review focused on primary research articles conducted in African countries that examined ethical issues in CALWH engaged in research. Ten studies me…
It is like an umbrella covering you, yet it does not protect you from the rain”
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are increasingly adopting mandatory social health insurance programs. In Kenya, mandatory social health insurance is being implemented through the national health insurer, the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF), but the level of coverage, affordability and financial risk protection provided by health insurance, especially for rural informal households, is unclear. This study provides as assessment of affordabi…
Ethical Considerations for Engaging Youth Living with HIV in Research
Introduction: Engaging youth living with HIV (YLWH) in research is critical to improving HIV-related outcomes, but their involvement raises unaddressed bioethical questions. Methods: This study used qualitative inquiry with Kenyan YLWH, caregivers, and subject matter experts (SMEs) to evaluate ethical considerations and strategies for research involving YLWH. Results: Interviews were conducted with 99 participants: 40 YLWH (median age 17.5, 50% f…
Effects of a gender-responsive maternal, newborn and child health program on health and economic outcomes during Covid-19 in Kenya
The Chamas program effectively sustained maternal and child health practices during the COVID-19 pandemic through adapted CHW support but showed limited ability to protect members from economic hardship. This demonstrates both the resilience and limitations of community-based interventions during widespread crises. Our results highlight the need for robust governmental support and social protection measures to address underlying economic vulnerab…
“There is a light that our wives had not seen before”
The Chamas for Change (Chamas) program is an innovative three-year community-based gender-responsive intervention in Western Kenya. During this period, the program provides peer support, microfinance initiatives, and health education to pregnant women. A randomized control trial demonstrated significant improvements in maternal and child health outcomes for program participants. This qualitative study explored community perceptions of the program…
Medicine (17 obras) · Family medicine (10 obras) · Psychology (10 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (9 obras) · Psychiatry (9 obras) · Nursing (8 obras) · Public health (8 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (7 obras) · Environmental health (6 obras) · Economic growth (5 obras)