Olivier Blarquez
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5084344 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Olivier Blarquez |
| NOMBRES | Olivier |
| APELLIDO | Blarquez |
| FIRMA | BLARQUEZ O |
| AFILIACIONES | Université de Montréal |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1508-6607 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 16 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2009 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Past fire dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa during the last 25,000 years
Lepidopteran scales in lake sediments as a reliable proxy for spruce budworm outbreak events in the boreal forest of Eastern Canada
Characterizing disturbance regimes over long time scales is paramount for describing and identifying their variability. The most important biotic disturbance in the eastern Canadian boreal forest is the defoliation caused by the eastern spruce budworm, a moth of the insect order Lepidoptera. Lepidopteran scales have recently been used to reconstruct spruce budworm population fluctuations throughout the Holocene. However, this novel proxy has yet …
Postglacial establishment and expansion of marginal populations of sugar maple in western Québec, Canada
An isolated sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) stand is located in the boreal forest of Abitibi, about 75 km beyond its present northern range limit. When did this relatively thermophilous tree species establish after ice retreat? Were its populations more abundant than now sometimes in the past? If so, when and how did they expand then retracted? How did the species persist in boreal forest over time? What could have been the role of fire on t…
The Last Coring Platform You Will Ever Need
Coring lakes and water bodies for paleoecological studies often involves using a coring platform to properly operate a sediment sampling device. In the past, coring platforms have been developed by specific paleoecology laboratories or by private companies. Those coring platforms are generally composed of two boats (inflatable boats, kayaks, etc.) connected together by a metallic and wood structure. While these coring platforms have proven their …
The reconstruction of burned area and fire severity using charcoal from boreal lake sediments
Although lacustrine sedimentary charcoal has long been used to infer paleofires, their quantitative reconstructions require improvements of the calibration of their links with fire regimes (i.e. occurrence, area, and severity) and the taphonomic processes that affect charcoal particles between the production and the deposition in lake sediments. Charcoal particles >150 μm were monitored yearly from 2011 to 2016 using traps submerged in seven head…
The Toledo Mountains
The Toledo Mountains are a mid-elevation mountain range that separates the Tagus and Guadiana basins in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. The location of these mountains allows the development of typical Mediterranean vegetation with some Atlantic influence. Consequently, typical broadleaved evergreen Mediterranean vegetation currently dominates the regional landscape, with the remarkable presence of more mesophilous species in sheltered…
Coherent signature of warming-induced extreme sub-continental boreal wildfire activity 4800 and 1100 years BP
Climate changes are expected to progressively increase extreme wildfire frequency in forests. Finding past analogs for periods of extreme biomass burning would provide valuable insights regarding what the effects of warming might be for tree species distribution, ecosystem integrity, atmospheric greenhouse gas balance, and human safety. Here, we used a network of 42 lake-sediment charcoal records across a ∼2000 km transect in eastern boreal North…
Global Modern Charcoal Dataset (GMCD)
Taking Fire Science and Practice to the Next Level
International audience
Different regional climatic drivers of Holocene large wildfires in boreal forests of northeastern America
Global warming could increase climatic instability and large wildfire activity in circumboreal regions, potentially impairing both ecosystem functioning and human health. However, links between large wildfire events and climatic and/or meteorological conditions are still poorly understood, partly because few studies have covered a wide range of past climate-fire interactions. We compared palaeofire and simulated climatic data over the last 7000 y…
Biomass offsets little or none of permafrost carbon release from soils, streams, and wildfire
As the permafrost region warms, its large organic carbon pool will be increasingly vulnerable to decomposition, combustion, and hydrologic export. Models predict that some portion of this release will be offset by increased production of Arctic and boreal biomass; however, the lack of robust estimates of net carbon balance increases the risk of further overshooting international emissions targets. Precise empirical or model-based assessments of t…
Tracking land-cover changes with sedimentary charcoal in the Afrotropics
Fires have played an important role in creating and maintaining savannas over the centuries and are also one of the main natural disturbances in forests. The functional role of fires in savannas and forests can be investigated through examining sedimentary charcoal in order to reconstruct long-term fire history. However, the relationship between charcoal and vegetation structure in tropical grassy ecosystems remains to be elucidated. Here, we com…
Needle accumulation rate model-based reconstruction of palaeo-tree biomass in the western subalpine Alps
An appropriate bioproxy is required to decipher Holocene tree biomass dynamics from the stand scale in relation to local processes such as disturbance or global climate change. Here we used plant litter collected in traps placed in subalpine forests, and data on the surrounding stands, to develop calibration equations for converting the observed macroremain accumulation rates to tree biomass (basal area) values. The needle accumulation rate (NAR)…
The Traversette (Italia) Rockfall
Numerous small, low volume rockfalls around the crest of the Italian and French Alps, principally formed from calcareous mica schist and metabasalt, have impeded travel across the major cols for millennia. As documented by Polybius and Livy in the ancient literature, Hannibal's Army was blocked by a two‐tier rockfall on the lee side of the Alps, a rubble sheet of considerable volume that delayed his exit into the upper Po River Country. An in‐dep…
Hannibal's Invasion Route
The point of Hannibal's departure from New Carthage in Iberia, in 218 bc , and his subsequent march along the Mediterranean coast to the Pyrénées and on to the Rhône Basin, has been reconstructed by ancient historians with considerable accuracy. The latter 400‐km phase through the Alps, however, has been the subject of some controversy as to whether the Punic Army followed a southern versus a northern invasion route, or some intermediate variant.…
Trees in the subalpine belt since 11 700 cal. BP
High altitude alpine ecosystems are likely to be highly sensitive to future climate change. Understanding long-term tree stand dynamics may be a key requirement for forecasting such changes. Here, we present a high resolution record of paleobotanical macroremains covering the last 11 700 years, from a small subalpine pond situated in the inner French Alps, at 2035 m a.s.l. The early presence of larch ( Larix decidua), arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) …
Tracking land-cover changes with sedimentary charcoal in the Afrotropics
Fires have played an important role in creating and maintaining savannas over the centuries and are also one of the main natural disturbances in forests. The functional role of fires in savannas and forests can be investigated through examining sedimentary charcoal in order to reconstruct long-term fire history. However, the relationship between charcoal and vegetation structure in tropical grassy ecosystems remains to be elucidated. Here, we com…
The reconstruction of burned area and fire severity using charcoal from boreal lake sediments
Although lacustrine sedimentary charcoal has long been used to infer paleofires, their quantitative reconstructions require improvements of the calibration of their links with fire regimes (i.e. occurrence, area, and severity) and the taphonomic processes that affect charcoal particles between the production and the deposition in lake sediments. Charcoal particles >150 μm were monitored yearly from 2011 to 2016 using traps submerged in seven head…
Postglacial establishment and expansion of marginal populations of sugar maple in western Québec, Canada
An isolated sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) stand is located in the boreal forest of Abitibi, about 75 km beyond its present northern range limit. When did this relatively thermophilous tree species establish after ice retreat? Were its populations more abundant than now sometimes in the past? If so, when and how did they expand then retracted? How did the species persist in boreal forest over time? What could have been the role of fire on t…
The Traversette (Italia) Rockfall
Numerous small, low volume rockfalls around the crest of the Italian and French Alps, principally formed from calcareous mica schist and metabasalt, have impeded travel across the major cols for millennia. As documented by Polybius and Livy in the ancient literature, Hannibal's Army was blocked by a two‐tier rockfall on the lee side of the Alps, a rubble sheet of considerable volume that delayed his exit into the upper Po River Country. An in‐dep…
Hannibal's Invasion Route
The point of Hannibal's departure from New Carthage in Iberia, in 218 bc , and his subsequent march along the Mediterranean coast to the Pyrénées and on to the Rhône Basin, has been reconstructed by ancient historians with considerable accuracy. The latter 400‐km phase through the Alps, however, has been the subject of some controversy as to whether the Punic Army followed a southern versus a northern invasion route, or some intermediate variant.…
Trees in the subalpine belt since 11 700 cal. BP
High altitude alpine ecosystems are likely to be highly sensitive to future climate change. Understanding long-term tree stand dynamics may be a key requirement for forecasting such changes. Here, we present a high resolution record of paleobotanical macroremains covering the last 11 700 years, from a small subalpine pond situated in the inner French Alps, at 2035 m a.s.l. The early presence of larch ( Larix decidua), arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) …
Taking Fire Science and Practice to the Next Level
International audience
Needle accumulation rate model-based reconstruction of palaeo-tree biomass in the western subalpine Alps
An appropriate bioproxy is required to decipher Holocene tree biomass dynamics from the stand scale in relation to local processes such as disturbance or global climate change. Here we used plant litter collected in traps placed in subalpine forests, and data on the surrounding stands, to develop calibration equations for converting the observed macroremain accumulation rates to tree biomass (basal area) values. The needle accumulation rate (NAR)…
Lepidopteran scales in lake sediments as a reliable proxy for spruce budworm outbreak events in the boreal forest of Eastern Canada
Characterizing disturbance regimes over long time scales is paramount for describing and identifying their variability. The most important biotic disturbance in the eastern Canadian boreal forest is the defoliation caused by the eastern spruce budworm, a moth of the insect order Lepidoptera. Lepidopteran scales have recently been used to reconstruct spruce budworm population fluctuations throughout the Holocene. However, this novel proxy has yet …
Trees in the subalpine belt since 11 700 cal. BP
High altitude alpine ecosystems are likely to be highly sensitive to future climate change. Understanding long-term tree stand dynamics may be a key requirement for forecasting such changes. Here, we present a high resolution record of paleobotanical macroremains covering the last 11 700 years, from a small subalpine pond situated in the inner French Alps, at 2035 m a.s.l. The early presence of larch ( Larix decidua), arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) …
The Traversette (Italia) Rockfall
Numerous small, low volume rockfalls around the crest of the Italian and French Alps, principally formed from calcareous mica schist and metabasalt, have impeded travel across the major cols for millennia. As documented by Polybius and Livy in the ancient literature, Hannibal's Army was blocked by a two‐tier rockfall on the lee side of the Alps, a rubble sheet of considerable volume that delayed his exit into the upper Po River Country. An in‐dep…
Hannibal's Invasion Route
The point of Hannibal's departure from New Carthage in Iberia, in 218 bc , and his subsequent march along the Mediterranean coast to the Pyrénées and on to the Rhône Basin, has been reconstructed by ancient historians with considerable accuracy. The latter 400‐km phase through the Alps, however, has been the subject of some controversy as to whether the Punic Army followed a southern versus a northern invasion route, or some intermediate variant.…
Needle accumulation rate model-based reconstruction of palaeo-tree biomass in the western subalpine Alps
An appropriate bioproxy is required to decipher Holocene tree biomass dynamics from the stand scale in relation to local processes such as disturbance or global climate change. Here we used plant litter collected in traps placed in subalpine forests, and data on the surrounding stands, to develop calibration equations for converting the observed macroremain accumulation rates to tree biomass (basal area) values. The needle accumulation rate (NAR)…
Tracking land-cover changes with sedimentary charcoal in the Afrotropics
Fires have played an important role in creating and maintaining savannas over the centuries and are also one of the main natural disturbances in forests. The functional role of fires in savannas and forests can be investigated through examining sedimentary charcoal in order to reconstruct long-term fire history. However, the relationship between charcoal and vegetation structure in tropical grassy ecosystems remains to be elucidated. Here, we com…
Biomass offsets little or none of permafrost carbon release from soils, streams, and wildfire
As the permafrost region warms, its large organic carbon pool will be increasingly vulnerable to decomposition, combustion, and hydrologic export. Models predict that some portion of this release will be offset by increased production of Arctic and boreal biomass; however, the lack of robust estimates of net carbon balance increases the risk of further overshooting international emissions targets. Precise empirical or model-based assessments of t…
Different regional climatic drivers of Holocene large wildfires in boreal forests of northeastern America
Global warming could increase climatic instability and large wildfire activity in circumboreal regions, potentially impairing both ecosystem functioning and human health. However, links between large wildfire events and climatic and/or meteorological conditions are still poorly understood, partly because few studies have covered a wide range of past climate-fire interactions. We compared palaeofire and simulated climatic data over the last 7000 y…
Global Modern Charcoal Dataset (GMCD)
Taking Fire Science and Practice to the Next Level
International audience
The Toledo Mountains
The Toledo Mountains are a mid-elevation mountain range that separates the Tagus and Guadiana basins in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. The location of these mountains allows the development of typical Mediterranean vegetation with some Atlantic influence. Consequently, typical broadleaved evergreen Mediterranean vegetation currently dominates the regional landscape, with the remarkable presence of more mesophilous species in sheltered…
Coherent signature of warming-induced extreme sub-continental boreal wildfire activity 4800 and 1100 years BP
Climate changes are expected to progressively increase extreme wildfire frequency in forests. Finding past analogs for periods of extreme biomass burning would provide valuable insights regarding what the effects of warming might be for tree species distribution, ecosystem integrity, atmospheric greenhouse gas balance, and human safety. Here, we used a network of 42 lake-sediment charcoal records across a ∼2000 km transect in eastern boreal North…
The Last Coring Platform You Will Ever Need
Coring lakes and water bodies for paleoecological studies often involves using a coring platform to properly operate a sediment sampling device. In the past, coring platforms have been developed by specific paleoecology laboratories or by private companies. Those coring platforms are generally composed of two boats (inflatable boats, kayaks, etc.) connected together by a metallic and wood structure. While these coring platforms have proven their …
The reconstruction of burned area and fire severity using charcoal from boreal lake sediments
Although lacustrine sedimentary charcoal has long been used to infer paleofires, their quantitative reconstructions require improvements of the calibration of their links with fire regimes (i.e. occurrence, area, and severity) and the taphonomic processes that affect charcoal particles between the production and the deposition in lake sediments. Charcoal particles >150 μm were monitored yearly from 2011 to 2016 using traps submerged in seven head…
Postglacial establishment and expansion of marginal populations of sugar maple in western Québec, Canada
An isolated sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) stand is located in the boreal forest of Abitibi, about 75 km beyond its present northern range limit. When did this relatively thermophilous tree species establish after ice retreat? Were its populations more abundant than now sometimes in the past? If so, when and how did they expand then retracted? How did the species persist in boreal forest over time? What could have been the role of fire on t…
Past fire dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa during the last 25,000 years
Lepidopteran scales in lake sediments as a reliable proxy for spruce budworm outbreak events in the boreal forest of Eastern Canada
Characterizing disturbance regimes over long time scales is paramount for describing and identifying their variability. The most important biotic disturbance in the eastern Canadian boreal forest is the defoliation caused by the eastern spruce budworm, a moth of the insect order Lepidoptera. Lepidopteran scales have recently been used to reconstruct spruce budworm population fluctuations throughout the Holocene. However, this novel proxy has yet …
Geography (14 obras) · Ecology (12 obras) · Physical geography (12 obras) · Geology (11 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (10 obras) · Environmental Science (9 obras) · Fire effects on ecosystems (9 obras) · Ecosystem (8 obras) · Oceanography (7 obras) · Archaeology (6 obras)