William E N Austin
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5406129 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | William E N Austin |
| NOMBRES | William E N |
| APELLIDO | Austin |
| FIRMA | AUSTIN W E N |
| AFILIACIONES | University of St Andrews |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6544-3468 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 17 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1144 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1926 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Clarifying the role of inorganic carbon in blue carbon policy and practice
Since the term “blue carbon” was coined by the report of Nellerman et al. (2009) the marine carbon cycle has firmly entered the realm of marine policy alongside its terrestrial neighbour, “green carbon” (Crooks et al., 2018). Many marine policy decisions rely on accurate information concerning the stocks of blue carbon in a region, the annual sequestration rates associated with those stocks and the threats posed to those stocks by human activitie…
Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP)
The concentration of radiocarbon ( 14 C) differs between ocean and atmosphere. Radiocarbon determinations from samples which obtained their 14 C in the marine environment therefore need a marine-specific calibration curve and cannot be calibrated directly against the atmospheric-based IntCal20 curve. This paper presents Marine20, an update to the internationally agreed marine radiocarbon age calibration curve that provides a non-polar global-aver…
Marine Bivalve Feeding Strategies and Radiocarbon Ages in Northeast Atlantic Coastal Waters
Marine mollusk shells have been extensively used to provide radiocarbon ( 14 C)-based chronologies in paleoenvironmental and archaeological studies, however uncertainties in age measurements are introduced because secondary factors such as vital effects and diet may influence 14 C incorporation into these shells. Deep burrowing and deposit feeding mollusks, in particular, may incorporate “old” carbon resulting in apparently older ages than their …
The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14 C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth syste…
Joseph Russo
Joseph Russo William Austin, Jonathan Clark, Emily Erickson, Judith P. Hallett, and Kimberly Hunter Hodie laudamus virum doctissimum qui effecit ut viveret Maeonides, aere perennior, etiam si Tenedos et Ide non commemorantur.1 Etsi bonus Homerus etiam dormivit2, in suis laboribus tamen hic numquam erravit. Natus in municipio ubi concordia creat robur,3 adeptus est gradum Baccalaurei Artium apud universitatem ubi nihil fit sine magno labore.4 Grad…
Reconstructions of surface ocean conditions from the northeast Atlantic and Nordic seas during the last millennium
We undertake the first comprehensive effort to integrate North Atlantic marine climate records for the last millennium, highlighting some key components common within this system at a range of temporal and spatial scales. In such an approach, careful consideration needs to be given to the complexities inherent to the marine system. Composites therefore need to be hydrographically constrained and sensitive to both surface water mass variability an…
The synchronization of palaeoclimatic events in the North Atlantic region during Greenland Stadial 3 (ca. 27.5 to 23.3 kyr b2k)
Identification of cryptotephra horizons in a North East Atlantic marine record spanning marine isotope stages 4 and 5a (∼60,000–82,000 a b2k)
Identification of the Icelandic Landnám tephra (AD 871 ± 2) in Scottish fjordic sediment
Climate and atmospheric circulation changes over the past 1000 years reconstructed from oxygen isotopes in lake-sediment carbonate from Ireland
A 1000 year long subdecadal-resolution record of carbonate oxygen isotopes (δ 18 O c ) from Lough-na-Shade, Ireland, provides evidence for changing atmospheric circulation over northwest Europe. The total range of δ 18 O c values (>5‰) is too large to be explained by changes in water temperature. Moreover, good correlation between the lake record and a previously published δ 18 O time series from an Irish speleothem indicates that the changes in …
Mid-latitude shelf seas
Pronounced seasonal variability, particularly in the surface ocean heat flux, imparts an important control that drives thermal stratification of the tide-dominated middle-and high-latitude shelf seas. Bottom water temperature and salinity data, resolved on a grid 20’ latitude by 30’ longitude, were combined with a regional synthesis of the salinity: δ 18 O relationship in order to generate a spatial and temporal understanding of oxygen isotopes i…
Variability of the North Atlantic Current during the last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water and sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/shallow marine transect in western Europe
Marine localities on the west European shelf have been studied to reconstruct the nearshore palaeoceanography of the last two millennia. The sites form a transect from the Iberian margin northeastward via Scotland to western Norway and Iceland. Proxies used for palaeoclimatic reconstructions include stable isotopes, benthic and planktonic foraminfera, diatoms, dinoflagellates, as well as geochemical and sedimentological parameters. Major changes …
Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in Scottish Coastal and Fjordic Waters
High freshwater inputs into Scottish sea lochs (fjords) combined with the restricted exchange between sea loch basin water and coastal Atlantic water masses are likely to result in reduced regional marine radiocarbon reservoir ages (R[t]) in these environments. To test this hypothesis, historical, museum-archived shells, collected live on known dates prior to AD 1950 from coastal locations in NW Scotland, were 14 C dated to provide a means of det…
Stable isotopic analyses of modern benthic foraminifera from seasonally stratified shelf seas
Previously published stable isotopic data on benthic foraminiferal species from a Holocene sequence in the Celtic Sea have been interpreted in terms of the progressive replacement of a tidally mixed by a stratified water mass. Offsets in the δ 18 O data between Ammonia batavus and Quinqueloculina seminulum were attributed to a ‘seasonal effect’ in which these two species were hypothesized to have calcified at different times of the year. The aims…
Holocene shelf-sea seasonal stratification dynamics
Published records of the Holocene evolution of seasonal stratification in the Celtic Sea (NW European shelf) have been based on benthic proxies, notably benthic foraminifera and associated stable isotopic data. We have investigated organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from a well-dated Holocene sequence from the central Celtic Sea in order to assess the signal from this planktonic proxy and to reconstruct paired bottom-and surface-water…
Sex differences in bystander intervention in a theft
A series of studies demonstrated a strong relationship among the situation-defining variable of degree of harm to victim, sexual configuration among participants, and bystanders' willingness to intervene to stop a theft. A pretest showed that a prior verbal commitment was absolutely necessary for intervention. The remaining data showed that high harm to a victim produced a high rate of intervention and showed strong sex differences in helping beh…
Saxon graves at Luton, Beds
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14 C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth syste…
Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP)
The concentration of radiocarbon ( 14 C) differs between ocean and atmosphere. Radiocarbon determinations from samples which obtained their 14 C in the marine environment therefore need a marine-specific calibration curve and cannot be calibrated directly against the atmospheric-based IntCal20 curve. This paper presents Marine20, an update to the internationally agreed marine radiocarbon age calibration curve that provides a non-polar global-aver…
Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in Scottish Coastal and Fjordic Waters
High freshwater inputs into Scottish sea lochs (fjords) combined with the restricted exchange between sea loch basin water and coastal Atlantic water masses are likely to result in reduced regional marine radiocarbon reservoir ages (R[t]) in these environments. To test this hypothesis, historical, museum-archived shells, collected live on known dates prior to AD 1950 from coastal locations in NW Scotland, were 14 C dated to provide a means of det…
Variability of the North Atlantic Current during the last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water and sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/shallow marine transect in western Europe
Marine localities on the west European shelf have been studied to reconstruct the nearshore palaeoceanography of the last two millennia. The sites form a transect from the Iberian margin northeastward via Scotland to western Norway and Iceland. Proxies used for palaeoclimatic reconstructions include stable isotopes, benthic and planktonic foraminfera, diatoms, dinoflagellates, as well as geochemical and sedimentological parameters. Major changes …
Reconstructions of surface ocean conditions from the northeast Atlantic and Nordic seas during the last millennium
We undertake the first comprehensive effort to integrate North Atlantic marine climate records for the last millennium, highlighting some key components common within this system at a range of temporal and spatial scales. In such an approach, careful consideration needs to be given to the complexities inherent to the marine system. Composites therefore need to be hydrographically constrained and sensitive to both surface water mass variability an…
Mid-latitude shelf seas
Pronounced seasonal variability, particularly in the surface ocean heat flux, imparts an important control that drives thermal stratification of the tide-dominated middle-and high-latitude shelf seas. Bottom water temperature and salinity data, resolved on a grid 20’ latitude by 30’ longitude, were combined with a regional synthesis of the salinity: δ 18 O relationship in order to generate a spatial and temporal understanding of oxygen isotopes i…
Sex differences in bystander intervention in a theft
A series of studies demonstrated a strong relationship among the situation-defining variable of degree of harm to victim, sexual configuration among participants, and bystanders' willingness to intervene to stop a theft. A pretest showed that a prior verbal commitment was absolutely necessary for intervention. The remaining data showed that high harm to a victim produced a high rate of intervention and showed strong sex differences in helping beh…
Climate and atmospheric circulation changes over the past 1000 years reconstructed from oxygen isotopes in lake-sediment carbonate from Ireland
A 1000 year long subdecadal-resolution record of carbonate oxygen isotopes (δ 18 O c ) from Lough-na-Shade, Ireland, provides evidence for changing atmospheric circulation over northwest Europe. The total range of δ 18 O c values (>5‰) is too large to be explained by changes in water temperature. Moreover, good correlation between the lake record and a previously published δ 18 O time series from an Irish speleothem indicates that the changes in …
Saxon graves at Luton, Beds
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Sex differences in bystander intervention in a theft
A series of studies demonstrated a strong relationship among the situation-defining variable of degree of harm to victim, sexual configuration among participants, and bystanders' willingness to intervene to stop a theft. A pretest showed that a prior verbal commitment was absolutely necessary for intervention. The remaining data showed that high harm to a victim produced a high rate of intervention and showed strong sex differences in helping beh…
Stable isotopic analyses of modern benthic foraminifera from seasonally stratified shelf seas
Previously published stable isotopic data on benthic foraminiferal species from a Holocene sequence in the Celtic Sea have been interpreted in terms of the progressive replacement of a tidally mixed by a stratified water mass. Offsets in the δ 18 O data between Ammonia batavus and Quinqueloculina seminulum were attributed to a ‘seasonal effect’ in which these two species were hypothesized to have calcified at different times of the year. The aims…
Holocene shelf-sea seasonal stratification dynamics
Published records of the Holocene evolution of seasonal stratification in the Celtic Sea (NW European shelf) have been based on benthic proxies, notably benthic foraminifera and associated stable isotopic data. We have investigated organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from a well-dated Holocene sequence from the central Celtic Sea in order to assess the signal from this planktonic proxy and to reconstruct paired bottom-and surface-water…
Mid-latitude shelf seas
Pronounced seasonal variability, particularly in the surface ocean heat flux, imparts an important control that drives thermal stratification of the tide-dominated middle-and high-latitude shelf seas. Bottom water temperature and salinity data, resolved on a grid 20’ latitude by 30’ longitude, were combined with a regional synthesis of the salinity: δ 18 O relationship in order to generate a spatial and temporal understanding of oxygen isotopes i…
Variability of the North Atlantic Current during the last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water and sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/shallow marine transect in western Europe
Marine localities on the west European shelf have been studied to reconstruct the nearshore palaeoceanography of the last two millennia. The sites form a transect from the Iberian margin northeastward via Scotland to western Norway and Iceland. Proxies used for palaeoclimatic reconstructions include stable isotopes, benthic and planktonic foraminfera, diatoms, dinoflagellates, as well as geochemical and sedimentological parameters. Major changes …
Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in Scottish Coastal and Fjordic Waters
High freshwater inputs into Scottish sea lochs (fjords) combined with the restricted exchange between sea loch basin water and coastal Atlantic water masses are likely to result in reduced regional marine radiocarbon reservoir ages (R[t]) in these environments. To test this hypothesis, historical, museum-archived shells, collected live on known dates prior to AD 1950 from coastal locations in NW Scotland, were 14 C dated to provide a means of det…
Climate and atmospheric circulation changes over the past 1000 years reconstructed from oxygen isotopes in lake-sediment carbonate from Ireland
A 1000 year long subdecadal-resolution record of carbonate oxygen isotopes (δ 18 O c ) from Lough-na-Shade, Ireland, provides evidence for changing atmospheric circulation over northwest Europe. The total range of δ 18 O c values (>5‰) is too large to be explained by changes in water temperature. Moreover, good correlation between the lake record and a previously published δ 18 O time series from an Irish speleothem indicates that the changes in …
Identification of cryptotephra horizons in a North East Atlantic marine record spanning marine isotope stages 4 and 5a (∼60,000–82,000 a b2k)
Identification of the Icelandic Landnám tephra (AD 871 ± 2) in Scottish fjordic sediment
The synchronization of palaeoclimatic events in the North Atlantic region during Greenland Stadial 3 (ca. 27.5 to 23.3 kyr b2k)
Reconstructions of surface ocean conditions from the northeast Atlantic and Nordic seas during the last millennium
We undertake the first comprehensive effort to integrate North Atlantic marine climate records for the last millennium, highlighting some key components common within this system at a range of temporal and spatial scales. In such an approach, careful consideration needs to be given to the complexities inherent to the marine system. Composites therefore need to be hydrographically constrained and sensitive to both surface water mass variability an…
Joseph Russo
Joseph Russo William Austin, Jonathan Clark, Emily Erickson, Judith P. Hallett, and Kimberly Hunter Hodie laudamus virum doctissimum qui effecit ut viveret Maeonides, aere perennior, etiam si Tenedos et Ide non commemorantur.1 Etsi bonus Homerus etiam dormivit2, in suis laboribus tamen hic numquam erravit. Natus in municipio ubi concordia creat robur,3 adeptus est gradum Baccalaurei Artium apud universitatem ubi nihil fit sine magno labore.4 Grad…
Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP)
The concentration of radiocarbon ( 14 C) differs between ocean and atmosphere. Radiocarbon determinations from samples which obtained their 14 C in the marine environment therefore need a marine-specific calibration curve and cannot be calibrated directly against the atmospheric-based IntCal20 curve. This paper presents Marine20, an update to the internationally agreed marine radiocarbon age calibration curve that provides a non-polar global-aver…
Marine Bivalve Feeding Strategies and Radiocarbon Ages in Northeast Atlantic Coastal Waters
Marine mollusk shells have been extensively used to provide radiocarbon ( 14 C)-based chronologies in paleoenvironmental and archaeological studies, however uncertainties in age measurements are introduced because secondary factors such as vital effects and diet may influence 14 C incorporation into these shells. Deep burrowing and deposit feeding mollusks, in particular, may incorporate “old” carbon resulting in apparently older ages than their …
The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14 C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth syste…
Clarifying the role of inorganic carbon in blue carbon policy and practice
Since the term “blue carbon” was coined by the report of Nellerman et al. (2009) the marine carbon cycle has firmly entered the realm of marine policy alongside its terrestrial neighbour, “green carbon” (Crooks et al., 2018). Many marine policy decisions rely on accurate information concerning the stocks of blue carbon in a region, the annual sequestration rates associated with those stocks and the threats posed to those stocks by human activitie…
Geology (13 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (12 obras) · Oceanography (12 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (8 obras) · Paleontology (8 obras) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (7 obras) · Geography (6 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (6 obras) · Climatology (5 obras) · Geochemistry (5 obras)