Barry I Graubard
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5413484 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Barry I Graubard |
| NOMBRES | Barry I |
| APELLIDO | Graubard |
| FIRMA | GRAUBARD B I |
| AFILIACIONES | National Cancer Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6787-1105 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 85 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1991 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2019 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Methodological Approaches to Understanding Causes of Health Disparities
Understanding health disparity causes is an important first step toward developing policies or interventions to eliminate disparities, but their nature makes identifying and addressing their causes challenging. Potential causal factors are often correlated, making it difficult to distinguish their effects. These factors may exist at different organizational levels (e.g., individual, family, neighborhood), each of which needs to be appropriately c…
Secular trends in regional differences in nutritional biomarkers and self-reported dietary intakes among American adults
Objective To understand the contribution of regional differentials in dietary exposures to regional gradients in health, we examined 20-year trends in the association of US census region of residence with nutritional biomarkers and dietary intakes of American adults. Design Observational. Setting The biomarker and 24 h dietary recall data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted during 1988–1994 and 1999–…
Complementary and compensatory dietary changes associated with consumption or omission of plain water by US adults
Contemporary impact of tobacco use on periodontal disease in the USA
Edible substances that stimulate the innate immune system are good candidates for functional foods to improve human health. We have previously reported that acidic polysaccharides from broccoli extract exhibit immunostimulatory effects, but neutral polysaccharides have been overlooked. In the present study, we found that neutral polysaccharides have significantly stronger (higher specific activity) immunostimulatory activity than acidic polysacch…
Trends in Black-White Disparities in Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates in a Changing Screening Environment
OBJECTIVE: Cancer screening utilization rates have changed over time and race disparities have persisted. We apply the Peters-Belson (PB) methodology to assess trends in disparities between blacks and whites in breast and colorectal cancer screening rates in the United States from 2000 to 2010. During this time period, the screening environment has changed for these screening modalities. METHODS: Cancer screening data collected in Cancer Control …
Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index Categories
IMPORTANCE: Estimates of the relative mortality risks associated with normal weight, overweight, and obesity may help to inform decision making in the clinical setting. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of reported hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality for overweight and obesity relative to normal weight in the general population. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and EMBASE electronic databases were searched through September 30, 2012, without l…
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
Multi-center feasibility study evaluating recruitment, variability in risk factors and biomarkers for a diet and cancer cohort in India
A high percentage of participants complied with study procedures including biological sample collection. Epidemiologic expertise and sufficient infrastructure exists at these three sites in India to successfully carry out a modest sized population-based study; however, we identified some potential problems in conducting a cohort study, such as limited number of facilities to handle biological samples
Quality of life among testicular cancer survivors
Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity
CONTEXT: The association of body mass index (BMI) with cause-specific mortality has not been reported for the US population. OBJECTIVE: To estimate cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight (BMI or =30). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cause-specific relative risks of mortality from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I, 1971-1975; II, 1976-1980; and III, 1988-1994, with mortality follow-up through 2000…
Secular trends in the association of socio-economic position with self-reported dietary attributes and biomarkers in the US population
Objective Recent reports suggest persistence of health disparities related to socio-economic position (SEP). To understand if diet may be a contributor to these trends, we examined secular trends in the association of diet and indicators of SEP from 1971–1975 to 1999–2002. Design We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) I (1971–1975), II (1976–1980), III (1988–1994) and 1999–2002 to examine the independent …
Using Adjusted Relative Risks to Calculate Attributable Fractions
Leveille et al.1 estimated population attributable fraction (PAF) values for arthritis attributable to obesity by using multivariate-adjusted relative risks and the body mass index distribution in the US population aged 40 through 74 years. It is important to adjust relative risk estimates for confounding factors such as age and gender that are associated with both arthritis and obesity. However, when relative risks are adjusted for confounding f…
Eating out in America, 1987–2000
Understanding the Factors Underlying Disparities in Cancer Screening Rates Using the Peters-Belson Approach
BACKGROUND: Cancer screening rates vary substantially by race and ethnicity. We applied the Peters-Belson approach, often used in wage discrimination studies, to analyze disparities in cancer screening rates between different groups using the 1998 National Health Interview Survey. METHODS: A regression model predicting the probability of getting screened is fit to the majority group and then used to estimate the expected values for minority group…
To the editor
Predictors of reported consumption of low-nutrient-density foods in a 24-h recall by 8–16 year old US children and adolescents
Analysis of Health Surveys
Predictive Margins with Survey Data
In the analysis of covariance, the display of adjusted treatment means allows one to compare mean (treatment) group outcomes controlling for different covariate distributions in the groups. Predictive margins are a generalization of adjusted treatment means to nonlinear models. The predictive margin for group r represents the average predicted response if everyone in the sample had been in group r . This paper discusses the use of predictive marg…
The Association Between Health Care Coverage and the Use of Cancer Screening Tests
OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated whether utilization of six different cancer screening tests (mammography, clinical breast exam, Pap smear, Fecal Occult Blood Test, and Digital rectal exam) varied according to type of health care coverage. METHODS: Data on the use of cancer screening tests and coverage in two age groups from a 1992 nationally representative cross-sectional survey of approximately 9,400 adults were analyzed. Multiple logistic …
Time-to-Event Analysis of Longitudinal Follow-up of a Survey
Following individuals sampled in a large-scale health survey for the development of diseases and/or death offers the opportunity to assess the prognostic significance of various risk factors. The proportional hazards regression model, which allows for the control of covariates, is frequently used for the analysis of such data. The authors discuss the appropriate time-scale for such regression models, and they recommend that age rather than time s…
The impact of lifestyle characteristics on carotenoid intake in the United States
OBJECTIVES: This study compared mean carotenoid intake in the United States by demographic and lifestyle variables to identify potential high-risk subgroups for disease. METHODS: Adults 18 to 99 years of age (n = 22 080) completed a food frequency questionnaire in the 1987 National Health Interview Survey, and mean carotenoid intakes were estimated. RESULTS: Carotenoid intakes were lower among Whites (vs Blacks), current smokers (vs nonsmokers), …
US dietary patterns associated with fat intake
OBJECTIVES. This research used food frequency data to investigate dietary patterns associated with fat intake. METHODS. Data from the 1987 National Health Interview Survey of 20,143 adults were used to determine correlations between fat (adjusted for kilocalories) and both nutrient and food group intakes. Median food and nutrient intakes were determined within quartiles of percentage of kilocalories from fat. RESULTS. Intakes of vegetables, fruit…
Korn and Graubard Respond
Korn and Graubard Respond Edward L. Korn, and Barry I. Graubard CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.9.1351-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Epidemiologic studies utilizing surveys
BACKGROUND. Since large-scale health surveys usually have complicated sampling schemes, there is often a question as to whether the sampling design must be considered in the analysis of the data. A recent disagreement concerning the analysis of a body iron stores-cancer association found in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and its follow-up is used to highlight the issues. METHODS. We explain and illustrate the importanc…
Barrier Contraceptive Methods and Preeclampsia
Epidemiologic studies utilizing surveys
BACKGROUND. Since large-scale health surveys usually have complicated sampling schemes, there is often a question as to whether the sampling design must be considered in the analysis of the data. A recent disagreement concerning the analysis of a body iron stores-cancer association found in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and its follow-up is used to highlight the issues. METHODS. We explain and illustrate the importanc…
Methodological Approaches to Understanding Causes of Health Disparities
Understanding health disparity causes is an important first step toward developing policies or interventions to eliminate disparities, but their nature makes identifying and addressing their causes challenging. Potential causal factors are often correlated, making it difficult to distinguish their effects. These factors may exist at different organizational levels (e.g., individual, family, neighborhood), each of which needs to be appropriately c…
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
US dietary patterns associated with fat intake
OBJECTIVES. This research used food frequency data to investigate dietary patterns associated with fat intake. METHODS. Data from the 1987 National Health Interview Survey of 20,143 adults were used to determine correlations between fat (adjusted for kilocalories) and both nutrient and food group intakes. Median food and nutrient intakes were determined within quartiles of percentage of kilocalories from fat. RESULTS. Intakes of vegetables, fruit…
Predictors of reported consumption of low-nutrient-density foods in a 24-h recall by 8–16 year old US children and adolescents
The impact of lifestyle characteristics on carotenoid intake in the United States
OBJECTIVES: This study compared mean carotenoid intake in the United States by demographic and lifestyle variables to identify potential high-risk subgroups for disease. METHODS: Adults 18 to 99 years of age (n = 22 080) completed a food frequency questionnaire in the 1987 National Health Interview Survey, and mean carotenoid intakes were estimated. RESULTS: Carotenoid intakes were lower among Whites (vs Blacks), current smokers (vs nonsmokers), …
Complementary and compensatory dietary changes associated with consumption or omission of plain water by US adults
Using Adjusted Relative Risks to Calculate Attributable Fractions
Leveille et al.1 estimated population attributable fraction (PAF) values for arthritis attributable to obesity by using multivariate-adjusted relative risks and the body mass index distribution in the US population aged 40 through 74 years. It is important to adjust relative risk estimates for confounding factors such as age and gender that are associated with both arthritis and obesity. However, when relative risks are adjusted for confounding f…
Epidemiologic studies utilizing surveys
BACKGROUND. Since large-scale health surveys usually have complicated sampling schemes, there is often a question as to whether the sampling design must be considered in the analysis of the data. A recent disagreement concerning the analysis of a body iron stores-cancer association found in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and its follow-up is used to highlight the issues. METHODS. We explain and illustrate the importanc…
Barrier Contraceptive Methods and Preeclampsia
Korn and Graubard Respond
Korn and Graubard Respond Edward L. Korn, and Barry I. Graubard CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.9.1351-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
US dietary patterns associated with fat intake
OBJECTIVES. This research used food frequency data to investigate dietary patterns associated with fat intake. METHODS. Data from the 1987 National Health Interview Survey of 20,143 adults were used to determine correlations between fat (adjusted for kilocalories) and both nutrient and food group intakes. Median food and nutrient intakes were determined within quartiles of percentage of kilocalories from fat. RESULTS. Intakes of vegetables, fruit…
Time-to-Event Analysis of Longitudinal Follow-up of a Survey
Following individuals sampled in a large-scale health survey for the development of diseases and/or death offers the opportunity to assess the prognostic significance of various risk factors. The proportional hazards regression model, which allows for the control of covariates, is frequently used for the analysis of such data. The authors discuss the appropriate time-scale for such regression models, and they recommend that age rather than time s…
The impact of lifestyle characteristics on carotenoid intake in the United States
OBJECTIVES: This study compared mean carotenoid intake in the United States by demographic and lifestyle variables to identify potential high-risk subgroups for disease. METHODS: Adults 18 to 99 years of age (n = 22 080) completed a food frequency questionnaire in the 1987 National Health Interview Survey, and mean carotenoid intakes were estimated. RESULTS: Carotenoid intakes were lower among Whites (vs Blacks), current smokers (vs nonsmokers), …
The Association Between Health Care Coverage and the Use of Cancer Screening Tests
OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated whether utilization of six different cancer screening tests (mammography, clinical breast exam, Pap smear, Fecal Occult Blood Test, and Digital rectal exam) varied according to type of health care coverage. METHODS: Data on the use of cancer screening tests and coverage in two age groups from a 1992 nationally representative cross-sectional survey of approximately 9,400 adults were analyzed. Multiple logistic …
Analysis of Health Surveys
Predictive Margins with Survey Data
In the analysis of covariance, the display of adjusted treatment means allows one to compare mean (treatment) group outcomes controlling for different covariate distributions in the groups. Predictive margins are a generalization of adjusted treatment means to nonlinear models. The predictive margin for group r represents the average predicted response if everyone in the sample had been in group r . This paper discusses the use of predictive marg…
Predictors of reported consumption of low-nutrient-density foods in a 24-h recall by 8–16 year old US children and adolescents
Eating out in America, 1987–2000
Understanding the Factors Underlying Disparities in Cancer Screening Rates Using the Peters-Belson Approach
BACKGROUND: Cancer screening rates vary substantially by race and ethnicity. We applied the Peters-Belson approach, often used in wage discrimination studies, to analyze disparities in cancer screening rates between different groups using the 1998 National Health Interview Survey. METHODS: A regression model predicting the probability of getting screened is fit to the majority group and then used to estimate the expected values for minority group…
To the editor
Using Adjusted Relative Risks to Calculate Attributable Fractions
Leveille et al.1 estimated population attributable fraction (PAF) values for arthritis attributable to obesity by using multivariate-adjusted relative risks and the body mass index distribution in the US population aged 40 through 74 years. It is important to adjust relative risk estimates for confounding factors such as age and gender that are associated with both arthritis and obesity. However, when relative risks are adjusted for confounding f…
Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity
CONTEXT: The association of body mass index (BMI) with cause-specific mortality has not been reported for the US population. OBJECTIVE: To estimate cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight (BMI or =30). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cause-specific relative risks of mortality from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I, 1971-1975; II, 1976-1980; and III, 1988-1994, with mortality follow-up through 2000…
Secular trends in the association of socio-economic position with self-reported dietary attributes and biomarkers in the US population
Objective Recent reports suggest persistence of health disparities related to socio-economic position (SEP). To understand if diet may be a contributor to these trends, we examined secular trends in the association of diet and indicators of SEP from 1971–1975 to 1999–2002. Design We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) I (1971–1975), II (1976–1980), III (1988–1994) and 1999–2002 to examine the independent …
Multi-center feasibility study evaluating recruitment, variability in risk factors and biomarkers for a diet and cancer cohort in India
A high percentage of participants complied with study procedures including biological sample collection. Epidemiologic expertise and sufficient infrastructure exists at these three sites in India to successfully carry out a modest sized population-based study; however, we identified some potential problems in conducting a cohort study, such as limited number of facilities to handle biological samples
Quality of life among testicular cancer survivors
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
Association of All-Cause Mortality With Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index Categories
IMPORTANCE: Estimates of the relative mortality risks associated with normal weight, overweight, and obesity may help to inform decision making in the clinical setting. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of reported hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality for overweight and obesity relative to normal weight in the general population. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and EMBASE electronic databases were searched through September 30, 2012, without l…
Contemporary impact of tobacco use on periodontal disease in the USA
Edible substances that stimulate the innate immune system are good candidates for functional foods to improve human health. We have previously reported that acidic polysaccharides from broccoli extract exhibit immunostimulatory effects, but neutral polysaccharides have been overlooked. In the present study, we found that neutral polysaccharides have significantly stronger (higher specific activity) immunostimulatory activity than acidic polysacch…
Trends in Black-White Disparities in Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates in a Changing Screening Environment
OBJECTIVE: Cancer screening utilization rates have changed over time and race disparities have persisted. We apply the Peters-Belson (PB) methodology to assess trends in disparities between blacks and whites in breast and colorectal cancer screening rates in the United States from 2000 to 2010. During this time period, the screening environment has changed for these screening modalities. METHODS: Cancer screening data collected in Cancer Control …
Secular trends in regional differences in nutritional biomarkers and self-reported dietary intakes among American adults
Objective To understand the contribution of regional differentials in dietary exposures to regional gradients in health, we examined 20-year trends in the association of US census region of residence with nutritional biomarkers and dietary intakes of American adults. Design Observational. Setting The biomarker and 24 h dietary recall data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted during 1988–1994 and 1999–…
Complementary and compensatory dietary changes associated with consumption or omission of plain water by US adults
Methodological Approaches to Understanding Causes of Health Disparities
Understanding health disparity causes is an important first step toward developing policies or interventions to eliminate disparities, but their nature makes identifying and addressing their causes challenging. Potential causal factors are often correlated, making it difficult to distinguish their effects. These factors may exist at different organizational levels (e.g., individual, family, neighborhood), each of which needs to be appropriately c…
Medicine (22 obras) · Environmental health (19 obras) · Population (16 obras) · Demography (14 obras) · Internal Medicine (10 obras) · National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (9 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (9 obras) · Internal Medicine (7 obras) · Mathematics (7 obras) · Statistics (7 obras)