Dušan Srdoč
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5597442 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Dušan Srdoč |
| NOMBRES | Dušan |
| APELLIDO | Srdoč |
| FIRMA | SRDOČ D |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 33 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 233 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1971 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XIV
In this report we present dating of several large series of samples mostly collected in Croatia: l) Iron Age and medieval samples excavated in Zagreb, 2) speleothems from a karst site in central Croatia, 3) shallow sediments from the Plitvice lakes, 4) tufa from the Krka River, 5) sea sediments from the Adriatic Sea, and 6) tree rings from Hungary, Croatia and Slovenia. Sample preparation and proportional counter technique are essentially the sam…
Sources of Radon Contamination in 14 C Dating
We investigated the effect of radon ( 222 Rn) contamination of samples and chemicals used for sample preparation and gas purification on the 14 C age of samples. Radon count rate was monitored over several 222 Rn half-lives in a proportional counter filled with methane. We analyzed ca. 240 samples of fossil and recent wood, charcoal, bone, dissolved inorganic carbon in water, travertine, peat, aquatic plants, organic soil and atmospheric CO 2 for…
Radiocarbon and Uranium-Series Dating of the Plitvice Lakes Travertines
Radiocarbon and uranium-series ages of the calcareous deposits of the Plitvice Lakes show that travertines were deposited during three warm, humid, interglacial oxygen isotope stages. According to our measurements, only calcite crystals or crystal aggregates represent reliable material for both 230 Th/ 234 U and 234 U/ 238 /U dating. Compact old travertine in the form of sandstone is less reliable; it can be dated by both methods provided that it…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XIII
In this list, we present 14 C ages of archaeological, geological, hydrogeological, botanical and atmospheric samples measured since our previous list (Srdoč et al. 1992). Chemical pretreatment and counting techniques using a methane-filled proportional counter are essentially the same as reported earlier. Sample descriptions are prepared in collaboration with collectors and submitters
Experimental Determination of the 14 C Initial Activity of Calcareous Deposits
We have reconstructed the initial activity of calcareous sediments by 1) measuring the 14 C activity of recent pre-bomb-test calcareous deposits, 2) calculating the ratio of the 14 C activity of the calcareous sediment to that of the adjacent coeval wood, and 3) extrapolating 14 C activity of the deep lacustrine sediment layers to the surface, assuming a constant sedimentation rate. We show here that the uppermost sediment is affected by the glob…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XII
We present here radiocarbon analyses made since our previous list (Srdoč et al. 1989). Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting techniques are essentially the same as described previously (Srdoč, Breyer & Sliepčević 1971), supplemented by new techniques for groundwater processing (Srdoč et al. 1979). The calculation of ages follows conventional protocol (Stuiver & Polach 1977). These ages can be converted from the 5570-year half-life to the c…
Anthropogenic Influence on the 14 C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments
Anthropogenic activities that introduce an excess of nutrients and other pollutants into rivers and lakes are causing significant changes in their aquatic environment. Excessive nutrients greatly accelerate eutrophication, and lake marl formed during eutrophication differs from that formed in oligotrophic water. We analyzed recent sediment cores from Prošće and Kozjak lakes located in Plitvice National Park, central Croatia. Analyses consisted of…
Radiocarbon Dating of Intercomparison Samples at the Zagreb Radiocarbon Laboratory
The Radiocarbon and Tritium Laboratory of the Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, participated in the International Collaborative Study (ICS) in all three stages. All measurements were made by proportional counting of methane. We present here a statistical analysis of our results. A comparison with the mean or median values of reported ICS values showed that our results are generally slightly younger
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XI
This is a list of radiocarbon analyses determined since our previous list (R, 1987, v 29, no. 1, p 135–147). As before, with the exception of speleothems and groundwaters, the calculations follow conventional radiocarbon protocol (Stuiver & Polach, 1977). Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting techniques are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques for groundwater processing (R, 19…
Radiocarbon Dating of Travertine Deposits, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma
Travertine deposits occur abundantly at past and present sites of waterfalls in the Arbuckle Mountains region of Oklahoma. This area (1600km 2 ) consists of folded and faulted Prepaleozoic and Paleozoic rocks, with abundant outcrops of Paleozoic carbonate rocks. Samples of recently deposited and old travertine from the Turner Falls area were collected during a 1987 field trip and analyzed for 13 C, 14 C and 18 O content. The aquatic chemistry of …
Carbon Uptake in Aquatic Plants Deduced From Their Natural 13C and 14C Content
δ 13 C and 14 C activity measurements were made on terrestrial, marsh and aquatic plants growing in their natural habitat of the Plitvice Lakes in northwest Yugoslavia. δ 13 C values were ca −47 for aquatic mosses, which indicate that the carbon source was dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from alkaline karst waters, following a C 3 pathway, and ca −25 for marsh plants, indicating the carbon source was atmospheric CO 2 . 14 C activity of true aqua…
Comparison of the 14C activity of groundwater and recent Tufa from Karst areas in Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia
14 C activity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in water and in recent tufa samples in several karst areas of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia was measured. Groundwater from 11 karst springs were measured for their isotopic content ( 14 C, 3 H, 13 C), chemical composition (HCO 3 − , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) and physico-chemical properties (temperature, pH). Seasonal variations of the 14 C activity of DIC in two karst springs in Plitvice Lakes area, Yugosla…
AMS and Radiometric Dating of an Etruscan Linen Book and Associated Mummy
An important Etruscan linen “book,” the Liber linteus Zagrabiensis , was preserved in wrappings of an Egyptian mummy. Stylistic estimates for the date of composition of the text vary. Three possible centuries were suggested, the 3rd and the 1st centuries BC and the 1st century ad. Radiometric and AMS dating of the linen book and the mummy has demonstrated multiple uses for differing aged materials. There seem to be at least two sets of linen wrap…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements IX
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples from Plitvice Lakes measured since our previous list dealing with tufa from this region (Srdoč et al , 1982). Tufa measurements from the Knin area in S Croatia and some localities in Bosnia are also listed. Age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. Reported ages are based on the initial activity of 85% except for lake sediments …
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements X
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1984, v 26, no. 3, p 449–460). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new…
Radiocarbon Dating of Lake Sediment from Two Karst Lakes in Yugoslavia
Samples of sediment cores from two lakes in the karst area of northwest Yugoslavia were analyzed. Both Lakes Kozjak and Prošće are in the Plitvice National Park, Central Croatia. 14 C dating, sedimentologic, seismic, and isotopic studies, and distribution of diatoms are presented. 14 C dating of lake marl revealed a uniforn sedimentation rate in Lake Prošće as opposed to Lake Kozjak. Both lake sediments belong to the Holocene period. 14 C dating …
Environmental 14 C Levels Around the 632 MWe Nuclear Power Plant Krško in Yugoslavia
Measurements of 14 C activity of atmospheric CO 2 , vegetables, and tree rings in the area of the 632 MWe power plant Krško in Slovenia, NW Yugoslavia, have been in progress since January, 1984. Sampling stations are located in the area ca 400km 2 and are distributed in the direction of the prevailing westerly winds. The closest sampling point is 1.5km NE of the plant exhaust stack, the farthest sampling point is 30km E of the plant. A sampling s…
Increase of 14 C Activity of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Along a River Course
Results of measurements for 3 years (1981–1983) of 14 C activity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIG) in water samples from the Korana River, as well as that of recent tufa and aquatic plants, showed that 14 C concentration increases from karst spring to the estuary. A model describing the increase of 14 C activity was developed assuming that the increase is due to the exchange of the dissolved CO 2 in stream water with atmospheric CO 2 and to dis…
The Effects of Contamination of Calcareous Sediments on their Radiocarbon Ages
Two principal reasons for the inherent uncertainty in 14 C dating of calcareous sediments such as tufa or those of lacustrine origin are the unknown initial 14 C activity (A o ) of the sediment, mainly affecting younger (Holocene) samples, and contamination of older sediments with recent carbonate, causing 14 C ages to be excessively young. To assess the contamination effect, samples of old tufa from the Riss/Würm interglacial were examined. Thes…
On the Initial 14 C Activity of Karst Aquifers with Short Mean Residence Time
The 14 C activity of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as well as tritium activity and stable isotope content ( 13 C, 2 H, 18 O) of spring water were measured for 3 consecutive years at 3 karst springs that feed Plitvice Lakes, NW Yugoslavia. The constant chemical and stable isotope composition and temperature indicated well mixed aquifers. A very short mean residence time of underground water (2–5 yr) was determined by tritium activity meas…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1982, v 24, p 352–371). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion, and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques f…
Radiocarbon Dating of Millimole-Sized Gaseous Samples
As an alternative to the accelerator technique, a simple, compact, small counter system has been developed and tested for routine 14 C dating. Our small counter is an all-metal design made of the OFHC copper with quartz supports for the anode (25μm stainless steel). Careful selection of materials for the counter construction was made based on the measurements of the alpha contamination. Methane as the counter filling gave better resolution and ga…
Radiocarbon Dating of Tufa in Paleoclimatic Studies
Calcareous deposits known as tufa or travertine contain biogenic carbon and are a potential source of geochronologic information. Many dated samples from Karstic regions in Yugoslavia proved that 14 C analyses of tufa can provide reliable data reflecting climatic conditions in the past. Systematic dating of tufa samples revealed two distinct groups of deposits: recent tufa deposits, with a sharp age limit of ∼6000 ± 500 years BP, and old tufa dep…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Results of extensive and systematic radiocarbon dating of tufa samples and associated materials (wood, plants, moss, and peat) are presented in this paper. Samples were collected in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Central Croatia, Yugoslavia, where intensive precipitation of tufa has taken place over several geologic epochs in a typical Karst area. Problems associated with radiocarbon dating of tufa are discussed in a previous paper (Srdoč et al , …
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VI
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1979, v 21, p 131-137). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5570 ± 30 yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid. Sample pretreatment, combustion, and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135-140, supplemented by new techniques …
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements I
The routine processing and measurement of samples in our Radiocarbon Laboratory began early in 1970 following a one-year testing period during which standard samples (anthracite and NBS oxalic acid) as well as samples of known age were prepared and measured. Our system is based on the studies of de Vries and Barendsen (1953), Fairhall et al. (1961) and Olson and Nickoloff (1965). However, several modifications of the cited methods were introduced…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements V
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1977, v 19, p 465-475). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life, 5570 ± 30 years, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid. Solid sample pretreatment, combustion and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135-140. Groundwater samples were prepared foll…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XI
This is a list of radiocarbon analyses determined since our previous list (R, 1987, v 29, no. 1, p 135–147). As before, with the exception of speleothems and groundwaters, the calculations follow conventional radiocarbon protocol (Stuiver & Polach, 1977). Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting techniques are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques for groundwater processing (R, 19…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1982, v 24, p 352–371). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion, and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques f…
Carbon Uptake in Aquatic Plants Deduced From Their Natural 13C and 14C Content
δ 13 C and 14 C activity measurements were made on terrestrial, marsh and aquatic plants growing in their natural habitat of the Plitvice Lakes in northwest Yugoslavia. δ 13 C values were ca −47 for aquatic mosses, which indicate that the carbon source was dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from alkaline karst waters, following a C 3 pathway, and ca −25 for marsh plants, indicating the carbon source was atmospheric CO 2 . 14 C activity of true aqua…
Radiocarbon Dating of Lake Sediment from Two Karst Lakes in Yugoslavia
Samples of sediment cores from two lakes in the karst area of northwest Yugoslavia were analyzed. Both Lakes Kozjak and Prošće are in the Plitvice National Park, Central Croatia. 14 C dating, sedimentologic, seismic, and isotopic studies, and distribution of diatoms are presented. 14 C dating of lake marl revealed a uniforn sedimentation rate in Lake Prošće as opposed to Lake Kozjak. Both lake sediments belong to the Holocene period. 14 C dating …
Increase of 14 C Activity of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Along a River Course
Results of measurements for 3 years (1981–1983) of 14 C activity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIG) in water samples from the Korana River, as well as that of recent tufa and aquatic plants, showed that 14 C concentration increases from karst spring to the estuary. A model describing the increase of 14 C activity was developed assuming that the increase is due to the exchange of the dissolved CO 2 in stream water with atmospheric CO 2 and to dis…
On the Initial 14 C Activity of Karst Aquifers with Short Mean Residence Time
The 14 C activity of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as well as tritium activity and stable isotope content ( 13 C, 2 H, 18 O) of spring water were measured for 3 consecutive years at 3 karst springs that feed Plitvice Lakes, NW Yugoslavia. The constant chemical and stable isotope composition and temperature indicated well mixed aquifers. A very short mean residence time of underground water (2–5 yr) was determined by tritium activity meas…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XIII
In this list, we present 14 C ages of archaeological, geological, hydrogeological, botanical and atmospheric samples measured since our previous list (Srdoč et al. 1992). Chemical pretreatment and counting techniques using a methane-filled proportional counter are essentially the same as reported earlier. Sample descriptions are prepared in collaboration with collectors and submitters
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Results of extensive and systematic radiocarbon dating of tufa samples and associated materials (wood, plants, moss, and peat) are presented in this paper. Samples were collected in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Central Croatia, Yugoslavia, where intensive precipitation of tufa has taken place over several geologic epochs in a typical Karst area. Problems associated with radiocarbon dating of tufa are discussed in a previous paper (Srdoč et al , …
Radiocarbon Dating of Calcareous Tufa
Systematic dating of tufa samples has been undertaken to establish a chronology of tufa deposits in Plitvice National Park, Yugoslavia. We conclude that tufa samples give reproducible data within the time span of ≈ 40,000 years up to recent. The 14 C/ 12 C ratio of carbon in the ambient biosphere and hydrosphere gives a detailed picture of the distribution of carbon isotopes in the investigated system. Despite the susceptibility of calcareous mat…
Experimental Determination of the 14 C Initial Activity of Calcareous Deposits
We have reconstructed the initial activity of calcareous sediments by 1) measuring the 14 C activity of recent pre-bomb-test calcareous deposits, 2) calculating the ratio of the 14 C activity of the calcareous sediment to that of the adjacent coeval wood, and 3) extrapolating 14 C activity of the deep lacustrine sediment layers to the surface, assuming a constant sedimentation rate. We show here that the uppermost sediment is affected by the glob…
Environmental 14 C Levels Around the 632 MWe Nuclear Power Plant Krško in Yugoslavia
Measurements of 14 C activity of atmospheric CO 2 , vegetables, and tree rings in the area of the 632 MWe power plant Krško in Slovenia, NW Yugoslavia, have been in progress since January, 1984. Sampling stations are located in the area ca 400km 2 and are distributed in the direction of the prevailing westerly winds. The closest sampling point is 1.5km NE of the plant exhaust stack, the farthest sampling point is 30km E of the plant. A sampling s…
Rudjer BošKović Institute Radiocarbon Measurements IV
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1975, v 17, p 149-155). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5570 ± 30 yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XII
We present here radiocarbon analyses made since our previous list (Srdoč et al. 1989). Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting techniques are essentially the same as described previously (Srdoč, Breyer & Sliepčević 1971), supplemented by new techniques for groundwater processing (Srdoč et al. 1979). The calculation of ages follows conventional protocol (Stuiver & Polach 1977). These ages can be converted from the 5570-year half-life to the c…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements X
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1984, v 26, no. 3, p 449–460). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new…
Radiocarbon Dating of Tufa in Paleoclimatic Studies
Calcareous deposits known as tufa or travertine contain biogenic carbon and are a potential source of geochronologic information. Many dated samples from Karstic regions in Yugoslavia proved that 14 C analyses of tufa can provide reliable data reflecting climatic conditions in the past. Systematic dating of tufa samples revealed two distinct groups of deposits: recent tufa deposits, with a sharp age limit of ∼6000 ± 500 years BP, and old tufa dep…
Anthropogenic Influence on the 14 C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments
Anthropogenic activities that introduce an excess of nutrients and other pollutants into rivers and lakes are causing significant changes in their aquatic environment. Excessive nutrients greatly accelerate eutrophication, and lake marl formed during eutrophication differs from that formed in oligotrophic water. We analyzed recent sediment cores from Prošće and Kozjak lakes located in Plitvice National Park, central Croatia. Analyses consisted of…
Radiocarbon Dating of Intercomparison Samples at the Zagreb Radiocarbon Laboratory
The Radiocarbon and Tritium Laboratory of the Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, participated in the International Collaborative Study (ICS) in all three stages. All measurements were made by proportional counting of methane. We present here a statistical analysis of our results. A comparison with the mean or median values of reported ICS values showed that our results are generally slightly younger
The Effects of Contamination of Calcareous Sediments on their Radiocarbon Ages
Two principal reasons for the inherent uncertainty in 14 C dating of calcareous sediments such as tufa or those of lacustrine origin are the unknown initial 14 C activity (A o ) of the sediment, mainly affecting younger (Holocene) samples, and contamination of older sediments with recent carbonate, causing 14 C ages to be excessively young. To assess the contamination effect, samples of old tufa from the Riss/Würm interglacial were examined. Thes…
Measurement of the 14 C Activity of the ANU Sucrose Secondary Standard by Means of the Proportional Counter Technique
A systematic crosschecking of the NBS oxalic acid standard, the ANU Sucrose secondary standard, and the RB oak tree rings grown in 1858 ± 5 and 1890 ± 5 has been performed using the proportional counter technique. Details on the counter gas (methane) purification are given. Corrections of count rates due to changes of barometric pressure and ambient temperature are applied and discussed. Results of measurements are presented and the ratios betwee…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements II
The present list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R., 1971, v. 13, p. 135–140). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5568 ± 30 yr, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid, giving a net counting rate of 21.68cpm. The background count is measured by a series of inactive samples such as marble, anthracite, petroleum coke, and old natural met…
Sources of Radon Contamination in 14 C Dating
We investigated the effect of radon ( 222 Rn) contamination of samples and chemicals used for sample preparation and gas purification on the 14 C age of samples. Radon count rate was monitored over several 222 Rn half-lives in a proportional counter filled with methane. We analyzed ca. 240 samples of fossil and recent wood, charcoal, bone, dissolved inorganic carbon in water, travertine, peat, aquatic plants, organic soil and atmospheric CO 2 for…
Radiocarbon and Uranium-Series Dating of the Plitvice Lakes Travertines
Radiocarbon and uranium-series ages of the calcareous deposits of the Plitvice Lakes show that travertines were deposited during three warm, humid, interglacial oxygen isotope stages. According to our measurements, only calcite crystals or crystal aggregates represent reliable material for both 230 Th/ 234 U and 234 U/ 238 /U dating. Compact old travertine in the form of sandstone is less reliable; it can be dated by both methods provided that it…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements III
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1973, v 15, p 435–441). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5568 ± 30 yr, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements I
The routine processing and measurement of samples in our Radiocarbon Laboratory began early in 1970 following a one-year testing period during which standard samples (anthracite and NBS oxalic acid) as well as samples of known age were prepared and measured. Our system is based on the studies of de Vries and Barendsen (1953), Fairhall et al. (1961) and Olson and Nickoloff (1965). However, several modifications of the cited methods were introduced…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements II
The present list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R., 1971, v. 13, p. 135–140). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5568 ± 30 yr, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid, giving a net counting rate of 21.68cpm. The background count is measured by a series of inactive samples such as marble, anthracite, petroleum coke, and old natural met…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements III
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1973, v 15, p 435–441). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5568 ± 30 yr, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid
Rudjer BošKović Institute Radiocarbon Measurements IV
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1975, v 17, p 149-155). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5570 ± 30 yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.950 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid
Laboratories
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Measurement of the 14 C Activity of the ANU Sucrose Secondary Standard by Means of the Proportional Counter Technique
A systematic crosschecking of the NBS oxalic acid standard, the ANU Sucrose secondary standard, and the RB oak tree rings grown in 1858 ± 5 and 1890 ± 5 has been performed using the proportional counter technique. Details on the counter gas (methane) purification are given. Corrections of count rates due to changes of barometric pressure and ambient temperature are applied and discussed. Results of measurements are presented and the ratios betwee…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements V
The following list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1977, v 19, p 465-475). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life, 5570 ± 30 years, and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid. Solid sample pretreatment, combustion and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135-140. Groundwater samples were prepared foll…
Radiocarbon Dating of Calcareous Tufa
Systematic dating of tufa samples has been undertaken to establish a chronology of tufa deposits in Plitvice National Park, Yugoslavia. We conclude that tufa samples give reproducible data within the time span of ≈ 40,000 years up to recent. The 14 C/ 12 C ratio of carbon in the ambient biosphere and hydrosphere gives a detailed picture of the distribution of carbon isotopes in the investigated system. Despite the susceptibility of calcareous mat…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VI
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1979, v 21, p 131-137). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life 5570 ± 30 yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the activity of NBS oxalic acid. Sample pretreatment, combustion, and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135-140, supplemented by new techniques …
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Results of extensive and systematic radiocarbon dating of tufa samples and associated materials (wood, plants, moss, and peat) are presented in this paper. Samples were collected in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Central Croatia, Yugoslavia, where intensive precipitation of tufa has taken place over several geologic epochs in a typical Karst area. Problems associated with radiocarbon dating of tufa are discussed in a previous paper (Srdoč et al , …
Radiocarbon Dating of Millimole-Sized Gaseous Samples
As an alternative to the accelerator technique, a simple, compact, small counter system has been developed and tested for routine 14 C dating. Our small counter is an all-metal design made of the OFHC copper with quartz supports for the anode (25μm stainless steel). Careful selection of materials for the counter construction was made based on the measurements of the alpha contamination. Methane as the counter filling gave better resolution and ga…
Radiocarbon Dating of Tufa in Paleoclimatic Studies
Calcareous deposits known as tufa or travertine contain biogenic carbon and are a potential source of geochronologic information. Many dated samples from Karstic regions in Yugoslavia proved that 14 C analyses of tufa can provide reliable data reflecting climatic conditions in the past. Systematic dating of tufa samples revealed two distinct groups of deposits: recent tufa deposits, with a sharp age limit of ∼6000 ± 500 years BP, and old tufa dep…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1982, v 24, p 352–371). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion, and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques f…
Radiocarbon Dating of Lake Sediment from Two Karst Lakes in Yugoslavia
Samples of sediment cores from two lakes in the karst area of northwest Yugoslavia were analyzed. Both Lakes Kozjak and Prošće are in the Plitvice National Park, Central Croatia. 14 C dating, sedimentologic, seismic, and isotopic studies, and distribution of diatoms are presented. 14 C dating of lake marl revealed a uniforn sedimentation rate in Lake Prošće as opposed to Lake Kozjak. Both lake sediments belong to the Holocene period. 14 C dating …
Environmental 14 C Levels Around the 632 MWe Nuclear Power Plant Krško in Yugoslavia
Measurements of 14 C activity of atmospheric CO 2 , vegetables, and tree rings in the area of the 632 MWe power plant Krško in Slovenia, NW Yugoslavia, have been in progress since January, 1984. Sampling stations are located in the area ca 400km 2 and are distributed in the direction of the prevailing westerly winds. The closest sampling point is 1.5km NE of the plant exhaust stack, the farthest sampling point is 30km E of the plant. A sampling s…
Increase of 14 C Activity of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Along a River Course
Results of measurements for 3 years (1981–1983) of 14 C activity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIG) in water samples from the Korana River, as well as that of recent tufa and aquatic plants, showed that 14 C concentration increases from karst spring to the estuary. A model describing the increase of 14 C activity was developed assuming that the increase is due to the exchange of the dissolved CO 2 in stream water with atmospheric CO 2 and to dis…
The Effects of Contamination of Calcareous Sediments on their Radiocarbon Ages
Two principal reasons for the inherent uncertainty in 14 C dating of calcareous sediments such as tufa or those of lacustrine origin are the unknown initial 14 C activity (A o ) of the sediment, mainly affecting younger (Holocene) samples, and contamination of older sediments with recent carbonate, causing 14 C ages to be excessively young. To assess the contamination effect, samples of old tufa from the Riss/Würm interglacial were examined. Thes…
On the Initial 14 C Activity of Karst Aquifers with Short Mean Residence Time
The 14 C activity of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as well as tritium activity and stable isotope content ( 13 C, 2 H, 18 O) of spring water were measured for 3 consecutive years at 3 karst springs that feed Plitvice Lakes, NW Yugoslavia. The constant chemical and stable isotope composition and temperature indicated well mixed aquifers. A very short mean residence time of underground water (2–5 yr) was determined by tritium activity meas…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements IX
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples from Plitvice Lakes measured since our previous list dealing with tufa from this region (Srdoč et al , 1982). Tufa measurements from the Knin area in S Croatia and some localities in Bosnia are also listed. Age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. Reported ages are based on the initial activity of 85% except for lake sediments …
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements X
The following radiocarbon date list contains dates of samples measured since our previous list (R, 1984, v 26, no. 3, p 449–460). As before, age calculations are based on the Libby half-life (5570 ± 30) yr and reported in years before 1950. The modern standard is 0.95 of the NBS oxalic acid activity. Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting technique are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new…
Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements XI
This is a list of radiocarbon analyses determined since our previous list (R, 1987, v 29, no. 1, p 135–147). As before, with the exception of speleothems and groundwaters, the calculations follow conventional radiocarbon protocol (Stuiver & Polach, 1977). Sample pretreatment, combustion and counting techniques are essentially the same as described in R, 1971, v 13, no. 1, p 135–140, supplemented by new techniques for groundwater processing (R, 19…
Radiocarbon Dating of Travertine Deposits, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma
Travertine deposits occur abundantly at past and present sites of waterfalls in the Arbuckle Mountains region of Oklahoma. This area (1600km 2 ) consists of folded and faulted Prepaleozoic and Paleozoic rocks, with abundant outcrops of Paleozoic carbonate rocks. Samples of recently deposited and old travertine from the Turner Falls area were collected during a 1987 field trip and analyzed for 13 C, 14 C and 18 O content. The aquatic chemistry of …
Carbon Uptake in Aquatic Plants Deduced From Their Natural 13C and 14C Content
δ 13 C and 14 C activity measurements were made on terrestrial, marsh and aquatic plants growing in their natural habitat of the Plitvice Lakes in northwest Yugoslavia. δ 13 C values were ca −47 for aquatic mosses, which indicate that the carbon source was dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from alkaline karst waters, following a C 3 pathway, and ca −25 for marsh plants, indicating the carbon source was atmospheric CO 2 . 14 C activity of true aqua…
Comparison of the 14C activity of groundwater and recent Tufa from Karst areas in Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia
14 C activity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in water and in recent tufa samples in several karst areas of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia was measured. Groundwater from 11 karst springs were measured for their isotopic content ( 14 C, 3 H, 13 C), chemical composition (HCO 3 − , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) and physico-chemical properties (temperature, pH). Seasonal variations of the 14 C activity of DIC in two karst springs in Plitvice Lakes area, Yugosla…
AMS and Radiometric Dating of an Etruscan Linen Book and Associated Mummy
An important Etruscan linen “book,” the Liber linteus Zagrabiensis , was preserved in wrappings of an Egyptian mummy. Stylistic estimates for the date of composition of the text vary. Three possible centuries were suggested, the 3rd and the 1st centuries BC and the 1st century ad. Radiometric and AMS dating of the linen book and the mummy has demonstrated multiple uses for differing aged materials. There seem to be at least two sets of linen wrap…
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