Elke Kaiser
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 603909 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Elke Kaiser |
| NOMBRES | Elke |
| APELLIDO | Kaiser |
| FIRMA | KAISER E |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Southern California |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3594-4127 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 74 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 60 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 72 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1972 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Semantic vs. surface-level errors
Contrary to what one might assume, comprehenders may not build fully accurate representations of the linguistic input when processing language. For example, when asked “how many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark?”, many people respond ‘two’ despite knowing it was Noah, not Moses (Erickson & Mattson, 1981), suggesting lexical semantics of related words interferes during processing. Prior research attributes susceptibility of these ill…
Going beyond the Spatial Agency Bias
When a person reads or hears a sentence, what kind of visuospatial representation do they construct? Prior work has proposed a Spatial Agency Bias, according to which people conceptualize events with a left-to-right trajectory, with the left side associated with agency (at least in languages using left-to-right scripts). However, researchers disagree on the source and robustness of the Spatial Agency Bias. We suggest that a key obstacle stems fro…
Pronoun interpretation in Right Node Raising
The syntactic and semantic properties of Right Node Raising (RNR) are still debated. Some prior work analyzes RNR as backward ellipsis, while others argue that the pivot is dominated by multiple nodes (multidominance), and yet others favor a dual analysis, claiming RNR results from ellipsis or multidominance or both. We report three psycholinguistic experiments on pronoun interpretation in RNR constructions, including gender-matching/mismatching …
Event Knowledge Modulates Real‐Time Mental Representations of Object State‐Change
The present study examines how real‐world event knowledge and grammatical aspect guide event comprehension. Specifically, we tested whether real‐world knowledge about the likelihood of state‐change (e.g., wine glasses usually crack when dropped but plastic cups do not) modulates the object state representations that people construct while reading perfective and imperfective sentences. Participants read “rebus” sentences in perfective and imperfec…
Comparing form-based and meaning-based gender biases in pronoun resolution
Referring to people using only their name (e.g. Jones came in) is known to evoke the assumption that the individual is male. The same holds with some role nouns (e.g. mechanic, boxer). We explore these effects through the lens of pronoun interpretation in English. In two sentence-completion studies, we show that both form-based (last-name-only style) and meaning-based gender biases (from role nouns) are powerful enough to eliminate otherwise robu…
Subsistence in the Late Bronze Age of the northern Black Sea region
Arheozoološki podaci s lokaliteta Taraklija-Gajdabul pružili su dodatne uvide u način života u sjevernom crnomorskom regionu tokom kasnog bronzanog doba. Čini se da dva modela koja su predložili Geršković i Sava mogu postojati paralelno – prvi je primjeren južnom dijelu regije (travnata stepa), dok je drugi primjeren sjevernom dijelu regije (šumska stepa). Vegetacija i klima u ovom regionu izgleda da imaju ključan utjecaj na proporcije glavnih vr…
Evidentials and dubitatives in Finnish
This paper investigates the reportative evidential kuulemma and the dubitative muka in Finnish (Finno-Ugric). Kuulemma typically indicates that the speaker reports information provided by someone else (hearsay) and is not committed to the truth of the proposition, while muka (roughly: ‘supposedly, allegedly, as if’) typically signals that the speaker doubts the truth of the proposition, leaving open the information source. This paper explores per…
Effects of information structure on pronoun resolution
This paper addresses underexplored questions about referential structure impacting pronoun interpretation in multiple-pronoun and single-pronoun contexts: whether and how referential structure effects in pronoun resolution interact with information-structural factors such as topicality and focus. Regarding referential structure effects, it has been argued that demoting a higher-salience referent, which is a subject antecedent, to a lower-salience…
A forest-steppe landscape and the settlement Ksizovo-1 in the Don region during the Middle Bronze Age
Systematic investigations of Bronze Age settlements in different regions of western Eurasia have provided new insights into settlement structures, land use, and past mobile lifestyles. In this paper, we examine the single-layered site of Ksizovo-1 in the Upper Don basin, located in a microregion of the Eastern European forest-steppe. We integrate archaeological, bioarchaeological, and molecular investigations to evaluate if the Middle Bronze Age …
Phonological learning is asymmetrical between prefixes and suffixes
Phonological theories typically treat prefixes and suffixes as if phonological processes apply uniformly to both. However, previous studies have found clear asymmetries between the behavior of both affixes. We argue that this is due to phonological processes being easier to learn in suffix position rather than prefix position. To test this, an artificial language learning task was used to evaluate whether phonological learning is symmetrical betw…
Processing Turkish case markers
We investigate the processing of accusative-marked NPs in Turkish, compared to genitive- and locative-marked NPs. We use psycholinguistic methods (a lexical decision task) to test competing predictions derived from frequency effects in lexical processing on the one hand, and morphosyntactic theories of case containment on the other hand. Our experimental outcomes support a case containment approach to Turkish morphology
The fact that these are opinions
Language can convey both objective, fact-based information and subjective, opinion-based information. Previous research has focused on linguistic contexts that are associated with subjective information, such as information embedded under find. We aim to complement this existing work by exploring whether particular linguistic contexts are specifically associated with objective information. We report two psycholinguistic experiments testing the ac…
Anticipatory processing of cataphora is constrained by binding principles in L2 English
Language processing studies show that native speakers anticipate linguistic elements before their occurrence. However, it is debated to what extent second language (L2) learners do the same. To address this question, this study examines the processing of cataphora by Chinese-speaking L2 English learners. Additionally, we query whether L2 learners’ expectations of upcoming antecedents are modulated by first language (L1) influence and constrained …
Übergang zur Rinderzucht im nördlichen Schwarzmeerraum
Zu den vieldiskutierten Themen in der russisch-und ukrainischsprachigen Literatur gehört die Subsistenzwirtschaft in den osteuropäischen Steppen während der Kupfer- und der Bronzezeit. Hielt man in den ersten Jahrzehnten der Forschung über die wirtschaftsarchäologischen Aspekte der betreffenden Kulturen noch eine komplexe Wirtschaftsweise, die sich aus Ackerbauund Viehzucht zusammensetzte, für wahrscheinlich, nahm man in den sechziger und siebzig…
Logophoricity and the processing of Chinese reflexives
Isotopic perspectives on pastoral practices in the Eastern European forest-steppe during the Middle Bronze Age
This study investigates the modes of subsistence practices of a Middle Don Catacomb Culture community for which archaeological evidence suggests a reliance on seasonal mobility of humans and their herds. A sequential multi-isotope approach [stable carbon (δ13C), stable oxygen (δ18O), and strontium (87Sr/86Sr)] on tooth enamel of mainly domestic animals (cattle and sheep/goat) from the Middle Bronze Age settlement Ksizovo-1 provides new and import…
Space not Only for the Living
Introductory Notes
Zwischen profan und rituell. Die menschlichen Skelettreste in Siedlungen mit Aschehügeln des spätbronzezeitlichen Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni-Kulturkomplexes
In the Eastern European steppe and forest-steppe, the Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni cultural complex is widespread during the Late Bronze Age (1500–1100 BC), for which flat and barrow graves, settlements and hoards are documented. The settlements are often characterised by so-called ash heaps. In addition to remains that can be explained with profane activities in settlements, various features and finds provide a rather ritual character. These inclu…
Interpretation of Turkish reflexive anaphors
The current study investigates what factors control the interpretation of Turkish third person reflexive anaphors kendi and kendisi. Our results indicate that, in certain contexts, kendi and kendisi behave alike, which is a novel finding. We show that both kendi and kendisi have a slight subject-orientation, and they are sensitive to semantic roles, being perceiver-oriented. Lastly, our results show that word order affects the interpretation of k…
Chinese complex reflexive ta-ziji as an exempt anaphor
This study examines whether the complex reflexive ta-ziji in Mandarin Chinese can be used as an exempt anaphor. To this end, an offline antecedent choice experiment and an online self-paced reading experiment were conducted to explore whether and how discourse-level factors influence the interpretation of ta-ziji. The offline and online experiments provide converging evidence that the logophoric role (source vs. perceiver) of the non-local subjec…
Kurgan Sites in the Samara River Basin
Four barrows (kurgans) were excavated in the basin of the river Samara in 2007—2008. Kurgan 1 near the village of Peschanka was located in its lower course. Three kurgans were situated near the mine «Stepova» in the middle course of Samara. Fifteen burials were discovered in the barrow 1 near the village of Peschanka. Three of them, graves 6, 7, 14 appear to be the earliest, exhibiting male burials and dating to the 38th to the 36th centuries BC …
Third-person overt pronoun and zero reference in Estonian. Insights from two experiments
This study reports two experiments that investigate the variation between two Estonian third-person referential devices – zero reference vs. the overt pronoun ta. First, in a speech-restoration paradigm (Experiment 1), we test whether the structure of a reference chain affects referential choice. Second, drawing on Experiment 1, we designed an acceptability judgement task (Experiment 2) to explore a possible systematic variation between zero refe…
Modelling the Subsistence Economy of the Settlement Rykan-3 in the Don Forest-Steppe
This article presents a reconstruction of a subsistence strategy at the Middle Bronze Age settlementRykan-3. The settlement is located in the centre of the Don forest-steppe and dates to 26th–24th century BC; it wasmostly excavated in 2009–2014. Rykan-3 is of particular interest because, unlike many other Bronze Age settlementsin the South of Eastern Europe, it yielded only a single cultural layer, which was deposited during the existenceof the s…
A semantics of face emoji in discourse
This paper presents an analysis of face emoji (disc-shaped pictograms with stylized facial expressions) that accompany written text. We propose that there is a use of face emoji in which they comment on a target proposition expressed by the accompanying text, as opposed to making an independent contribution to discourse. Focusing on positively valenced and negatively valenced emoji (which we gloss as happy and unhappy , respectively), we argue th…
Das dritte Jahrtausend im osteuropäischen Steppenraum
Grabhügel sind charakteristisch für die Jamnaja-Kultur und die Katakombengrabkultur des 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. in der osteuropäischen Steppen- und Waldsteppenzone. Mit Beginn der Jamnaja-Kultur erfolgt die Beisetzung in Grabhügeln regelhaft , die Hügel werden häufig mehrfach benutzt und wachsen über die Zeit zu Monumenten heran. Auch die Wirtschaftsweise verändert sich in dieser Zeit, denn die Steppenbewohner spezialisieren sich in ihrer Subsiste…
Archaeological studies of the Kamenny Ambar (Olgino) fortified settlement
The present study was conducted within the framework of the interdisciplinary project supported by the Presidium of the Ural Branch RAS, "Interdisciplinary Study of the Bronze Age Sites in the Southern Urals," and the Joint Russian-German Project (RFBR 09-06-91330-ННИО_а
Technological characteristics of the “burial” pottery from the Early Iron Age of the North Black Sea region as revealed by X-ray 3D microtomography
18 , . . . , . . . . , - . . . , . . . . . . . . 390
Pit graves in Bulgaria and the Yamnaya Culture
Grubengräber mit spezifischen Bestattungssitten, die in Grabhügeln im Balkan- und Karpatengebiet ausgegraben wurden, werden seit langem der Jamnaja-Kultur zugeschrieben. Die Gräber der Jamnaja-Kultur sind zwischen 3100 und 2500 v. Chr. (kalibriert) vor allem in der osteuropäischen Steppenzone zwischen den Ostkarpaten und dem südlichen Uralvorland verbreitet. Das Auftreten von vergleichbaren Grabanlagen westlich dieser Hauptverbreitungszone wurde …
Effects of Contrast on Referential Form
To further our understanding of the nature of the form–function mapping in anaphoric paradigms, this study investigated the referential properties of strong pronouns (long pronouns) in Estonian. Cross-linguistically, 2 main accounts of the long–short distinction have been proposed: the salience account (long pronouns refer to less salient antecedents) and the contrast account (long pronouns refer to entities that are being mentioned contrastively…
New insights into the subsistence economy of the Eneolithic Dereivka culture of the Ukrainian North-Pontic region through lipid residues analysis of pottery vessels
Negation and the left periphery in Finnish
I Scream for Ice Cream
This study uses a response mouse-tracking paradigm to examine the role of sub-phonemic information in online lexical ambiguity resolution of continuous speech. We examine listeners’ sensitivity to the sub-phonemic information that is specific to the ambiguous internal open juncture /s/-stop sequences in American English (e.g., “ place kin” vs. “ play skin”), that is, voice onset time (VOT) indicating different degrees of aspiration (e.g., long VO…
Order of Mention in Causal Sequences
Causal sequences can be segmented into cause and effect. However, some argue causal relations in discourse are by default in effect–cause order. Others claim cause–effect order is easier to process and the default way of expressing causality, due to iconicity. We conducted experiments testing participants' production choices in two different contexts—narratives and safety/warning signs—to see whether genres/discourse types differ in their preferr…
A forest-steppe landscape and the settlement Ksizovo-1 in the Don region during the Middle Bronze Age
Systematic investigations of Bronze Age settlements in different regions of western Eurasia have provided new insights into settlement structures, land use, and past mobile lifestyles. In this paper, we examine the single-layered site of Ksizovo-1 in the Upper Don basin, located in a microregion of the Eastern European forest-steppe. We integrate archaeological, bioarchaeological, and molecular investigations to evaluate if the Middle Bronze Age …
Packaging Information as Fact Versus Opinion
How do we distinguish fact from opinion? We tested whether people’s ability to detect opinion-based content—as indicated by the use of subjective adjectives (e.g., amazing, frustrating)—depends on the linguistic position of the adjective. Our results show that simply changing the linguistic structure of a sentence influences our perception of the sentence’s subjectivity: The same basic information, packaged differently in linguistic terms, yields…
Composition of white paste inlay on the pottery from sites of the 10th–8th centuries bce in the northern Pontic region
For the first time, the mineralogical–geochemical compositions of the white paste inlay found on vessels from sites (10th–8th centuries bce ) in the northern Pontic region are investigated. Samples of the white paste on vessels from settlements, burials of sedentary groups and graves of early nomads were analysed by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (SEM‐EDX) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Betwe…
Wurde das Rad zweimal erfunden? Zu den frühen Wagen in der eurasischen Steppe
Aus Gräbern des 3. vorchristlichen Jahrtausends sind im nördlichen Schwarzmeergebiet zahlreiche Belege für Wagen mit massiven Scheibenrädern überliefert. Interpretierte man entsprechende Hinterlassenschaften in den Komplexen der Jamnaja-Kultur (erste Hälfte 3. Jt. v. Chr.) vorwiegend als vierrädrige schwere Fahrzeuge, so wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten versucht, für die Befunde der jüngeren Katakombengrabkultur (zweite Hälfte 3. Jahrtausend v. C…
The Negro Impact on Western Civilization
Drei bronzezeitliche Hortfunde aus dem unteren Dneprraum
Drei Depotfunde aus dem Bezirk Zaporož'e, Südukraine, die schon länger in dem dortigen Kreismuseum archiviert sind, aber nie vollständig veröffentlicht wurden, werden in dem Beitrag ausführlich besprochen. Sie gaben zudem Anlaβ zur erneuten Beschäftigung mit den spätbronzezeitlichen Horten des nördlichen Schwarzmeerraums. Die Bronzen, bei denen es sich vor allem um Sicheln und Tüllenbeile handelt, werden nach ihrer katalogartigen Vorstellung kult…
What influences the referential properties of reflexives and pronouns in Finnish
According to standard Binding Theory, pronouns and reflexives are in (nearly) complementary distribution. However, representational NPs (e.g. 'picture of her/herself') allow both. It has been suggested that in English, reflexives in representational NPs (RNPs) have a preference for 'sources of information' and that pronouns prefer 'perceivers of information.' We conducted two experiments investigating the effects of structural and non-structural …
Effects of topic and focus on salience
This paper investigates what factors make a particular referent a good antecedent for subsequent pronominal reference. In particular, it explores two seemingly conflicting claims in the literature regarding the effects of topicality and focusing on referent salience. In light of new experimental results combined with a review of existing work, I conclude that neither topicality nor focusing alone can explain referent salience as indicated by patt…
Negation and the left periphery in Finnish
Interpreting pronouns and demonstratives in Finnish
Two Finnish language comprehension experiments are presented which suggest that the referential properties of pronouns and demonstratives cannot be reduced straightforwardly to the salience level of the antecedent. The findings, from a sentence completion study and visual world eye-tracking study, reveal an asymmetry in which features of the antecedent Finnish pronouns and demonstratives are most sensitive to, both in terms of their final interpr…
Effects of Contrast on Referential Form
To further our understanding of the nature of the form–function mapping in anaphoric paradigms, this study investigated the referential properties of strong pronouns (long pronouns) in Estonian. Cross-linguistically, 2 main accounts of the long–short distinction have been proposed: the salience account (long pronouns refer to less salient antecedents) and the contrast account (long pronouns refer to entities that are being mentioned contrastively…
Wurde das Rad zweimal erfunden? Zu den frühen Wagen in der eurasischen Steppe
Aus Gräbern des 3. vorchristlichen Jahrtausends sind im nördlichen Schwarzmeergebiet zahlreiche Belege für Wagen mit massiven Scheibenrädern überliefert. Interpretierte man entsprechende Hinterlassenschaften in den Komplexen der Jamnaja-Kultur (erste Hälfte 3. Jt. v. Chr.) vorwiegend als vierrädrige schwere Fahrzeuge, so wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten versucht, für die Befunde der jüngeren Katakombengrabkultur (zweite Hälfte 3. Jahrtausend v. C…
Demonstrative adjectives in spoken Finnish
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (2013), pp. 124-139
Archaeological studies of the Kamenny Ambar (Olgino) fortified settlement
The present study was conducted within the framework of the interdisciplinary project supported by the Presidium of the Ural Branch RAS, "Interdisciplinary Study of the Bronze Age Sites in the Southern Urals," and the Joint Russian-German Project (RFBR 09-06-91330-ННИО_а
Population Dynamics in Prehistory and Early History
Identifying kurgan graves in Eastern Hungary
Isotopic analyses of human tooth enamel are increasingly applied to provide answers to archaeological questions. 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and 18 O analyses are used to investigate small-and large-scale mobility and migration of prehistoric human individuals. Within a pilot study looking into the kurgan graves in the Eastern Carpathian Basin, we analysed the tooth enamel of 8 humans from the Early Bronze Age burial mound of Srrtudvari-O rhalom, Hungary. Accor…
Mobilität und Wissenstransfer in diachroner und interdisziplinärer Perspektive
What effect do spatial mobility and migrations have on the diffusion of knowledge? In this volume, papers dealing with the topic have been collected from various culture-historical and theoretical disciplines. Chronologically they range from non-literate cultures to an insight into contemporary research on economic innovation. The interdisciplinary contributions reveal in different ways the relationships between spatial mobility and the transfer …
Looking beyond personal pronouns and beyond English
Landscape and archaeology
Pit graves in Bulgaria and the Yamnaya Culture
Grubengräber mit spezifischen Bestattungssitten, die in Grabhügeln im Balkan- und Karpatengebiet ausgegraben wurden, werden seit langem der Jamnaja-Kultur zugeschrieben. Die Gräber der Jamnaja-Kultur sind zwischen 3100 und 2500 v. Chr. (kalibriert) vor allem in der osteuropäischen Steppenzone zwischen den Ostkarpaten und dem südlichen Uralvorland verbreitet. Das Auftreten von vergleichbaren Grabanlagen westlich dieser Hauptverbreitungszone wurde …
Differing modes of animal exploitation in North-Pontic Eneolithic and Bronze Age Societies
This paper presents new results of an interdisciplinary investigation of the diet and subsistence strategies of populations living in the North-Pontic region during the Eneolithic and the Early Bronze Age (ca. 3800 BC to the 2500 BC). New organic residue analyses of >200 sherds from five Eneolithic sites and two Early Bronze Age settlements are presented. The molecular and stable isotope results are discussed in relation to zooarchaeological evid…
New insights into the subsistence economy of the Eneolithic Dereivka culture of the Ukrainian North-Pontic region through lipid residues analysis of pottery vessels
Experimental paradigms in psycholinguistics
A comprehensive guide to conducting research projects in linguistics, this book provides a complete training in state-of-the-art data collection, processing, and analysis techniques. The book follows the structure of a research project, guiding the reader through the steps involved in collecting and processing data, and providing a solid foundation for linguistic analysis. All major research methods are covered, each by a leading expert. Rather t…
Effects of perspective-taking on pronominal reference to humans and animals
This paper investigates the logophoric pronoun system of Finnish, with a focus on reference to animals, to further our understanding of the linguistic representation of non-human animals, how perspective-taking is signaled linguistically, and how this relates to features such as [+/-HUMAN]. In contexts where animals are grammatically [-HUMAN] but conceptualized as the perspectival center (whose thoughts, speech or mental state is being reported),…
Experimenting with imposters
Imposters are grammatically third-person expressions used to refer to the firstpersonspeaker or second-person addressee (e.g. ‘the present authors’ when used to refer tothe first-person writer, ‘Mommy’ or ‘Daddy’ when used by parents for self-reference inchild-directed speech). Current analyses of imposters differ in whether they derive theunusual referential properties of imposters using syntactic means or attribute them tosemantic and pragmatic…
First investigations of white paste for inlaid ceramics of the Early Iron Age from the northern Black Sea littoral
2017 . V (XXI)
Technological characteristics of the “burial” pottery from the Early Iron Age of the North Black Sea region as revealed by X-ray 3D microtomography
18 , . . . , . . . . , - . . . , . . . . . . . . 390
The economic pattern of the settlement Rykan-3 (The Middle Don Catacomb culture)
Titelseiten
Linguistics (36 obras) · Computer Science (33 obras) · Philosophy (30 obras) · Psychology (30 obras) · Geography (22 obras) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (20 obras) · Language, Metaphor, and Cognition (19 obras) · Archaeology (18 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (16 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (16 obras)