Christian Bottomley
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 6159141 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Christian Bottomley |
| NOMBRES | Christian |
| APELLIDO | Bottomley |
| FIRMA | BOTTOMLEY C |
| AFILIACIONES | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5241-8412 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 21 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 15 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 21 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2011 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Maternal nutrition practices and behaviours in the context of a Cash-Plus intervention
BACKGROUND: In low- and middle-income countries, breaking the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition requires the promotion of healthy nutrition practices and behaviours during pregnancy and early motherhood. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore nutrition practices and behaviours among pregnant women and mothers of children under 2 years who were exposed to the Cash-Plus intervention in tribal districts of Rajasthan, India. METHODS: Data was c…
Are hospital management practices associated with enhanced quality of care for small and sick newborns? A nationwide cross-sectional study using linked inpatient admission records in Malawi
Background: Improved quality of care is fundamental for reducing patient mortality and building sustainable health systems. Currently, there is a lack of research on the role of hospital management in improving the quality of care and health outcomes, particularly in low-income settings. Methods: We examined associations between hospital management practices and neonatal quality of care in Malawi. We adapted the World Management Survey tool to me…
Impact of increasing CD4 count threshold eligibility for antiretroviral therapy initiation on advanced HIV disease and tuberculosis prevalence and incidence in South Africa
INTRODUCTION: We investigated the impact of increasing CD4 count eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on advanced HIV disease (AHD) and tuberculosis (TB) prevalence and incidence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South Africa. METHODS: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis with de-identified data of PLHIV aged ≥15 years initiating ART between April 2012 and February 2020 at 65 primary healthcare clinics in KwaZ…
Infectious diseases burden and antibiotic prescribing patterns among primary care patients in Harare, Zimbabwe – a cross-sectional analysis
Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) continue to experience a high burden of infectious diseases and disparities in access to and use of antimicrobials, yet data on antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings, where the majority of global prescriptions occur, remain scarce. The objective of this study is to provide data on diagnoses and antibiotic prescriptions among primary care patients in Harare, Zimbabwe. We conducted a retrospective stu…
The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of admissions to hospital with hypoxaemic and non-hypoxaemic pneumonia in Kenyan children
Observational evidence suggests that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are more effective at reducing the incidence of hypoxaemic pneumonia compared to non-hypoxaemic pneumonia. We examined the impact of 10-valent PCV (PCV10, Synflorix) on hypoxaemic pneumonia hospital admissions using data from an existing PCV impact study of clinical and radiographic pneumonia. PCV10 was introduced, with catch-up among children under 5 years, in the Kilifi…
Brazil towards malaria elimination
Malaria is a global health challenge, and international efforts are underway to alleviate its impact by 2035. Within the 249 million global cases, 0.6 million occur in the Americas, mainly in Venezuela, Brazil, and Colombia. Considering Brazil’s geographical proximity to malaria-endemic countries in South America, this study objective is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and time trends of imported malaria cases in Brazil from 2007 t…
Changes in the medical admissions and mortality amongst children in four South African hospitals following the Covid-19 pandemic
Vulnerable children from poor communities with high HIV and Tuberculosis(TB) burdens were impacted by COVID-19 lockdowns. Concern was raised about the extent of this impact and anticipated post-pandemic surges in mortality. Interrupted time series segmented regression analyses were done using routinely collected facility-level data of children admitted for medical conditions at four South African referral hospitals. Monthly admission and mortalit…
Impact of active case-finding for tuberculosis on case-notifications in Blantyre, Malawi
Active case-finding (ACF) for tuberculosis can help find the “missing millions” with undiagnosed tuberculosis. In a cluster-randomised trial, we investigated impact of ACF on case-notifications in Blantyre, Malawi, where ACF has been intensively implemented following 2014 estimates of ~1,000 per 100,000 adults with undiagnosed TB. Following a pre-intervention prevalence survey (May 2019 to March 2020), constrained randomisation allocated neighbou…
Effect and cost-effectiveness of human-centred design-based approaches to increase adolescent uptake of modern contraceptives in Nigeria, Ethiopia and Tanzania
Around half of adolescent pregnancies in low- and middle-income countries are unintended, contributing to millions of unsafe abortions per year. Adolescents 360 (A360), a girl-centred initiative, aimed to increase voluntary uptake of modern contraceptives among adolescents in Nigeria, Ethiopia and Tanzania. We evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of A360 in increasing modern contraceptive use in selected geographies. We used before-…
Sars-CoV-2 seroprevalence in three Kenyan health and demographic surveillance sites, December 2020-May 2021
Background Most of the studies that have informed the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya have relied on samples that are not representative of the general population. We conducted population-based serosurveys at three Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) to determine the cumulative incidence of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Methods We selected random age-stratified population-based samples at HDSSs in Kisumu, Nai…
The impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on HIV care in 65 South African primary care clinics
BACKGROUND: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries is poorly described. We aimed to measure the impact of the 2020 national COVID-19 lockdown on HIV testing and treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where 1·7 million people are living with HIV. METHODS: In this interrupted time series analysis, we analysed anonymised programmatic data from 65 primary care clinics in KwaZulu-Natal province…
Impact of routine vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b in The Gambia
BACKGROUND: type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine without a booster in its infant immunisation programme along with establishment of a population-based surveillance on Hib meningitis in the West Coast Region (WCR). This surveillance was stopped in 2002 with reported elimination of Hib disease. This was re-established in 2008 but stopped again in 2010. We aimed to re-establish the surveillance in WCR and to continue surveillance in Basse Health and Demog…
Thank You to Reviewers 2019
Zinc as an adjunct therapy in the management of severe pneumonia among Gambian children
BACKGROUND: The benefit of zinc as an adjunct therapy for severe pneumonia is not established. We assessed the benefit of adjunct zinc therapy for severe pneumonia in children and determined whether the study children were zinc deficient. METHODS: This was a randomized, parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 conducted in children with severe pneumonia to evaluate the efficacy of daily zinc as an adj…
The association between maternal hepatitis B e antigen status, as a proxy for perinatal transmission, and the risk of hepatitis B e antigenaemia in Gambian children
Maternal HBeAg was associated with positive HBeAg in children with chronic HBV infection. This suggests that interrupting mother-to-infant transmission in sub-Saharan Africa might help reduce the burden of liver disease. A timely dose of HBV vaccine within 24 hours of birth, as recommended by WHO, should be implemented in sub-Saharan Africa
Well London Phase-1
BACKGROUND: We report the main results, among adults, of a cluster-randomised-trial of Well London, a community-engagement programme promoting healthy eating, physical activity and mental well-being in deprived neighbourhoods. The hypothesis was that benefits would be neighbourhood-wide, and not restricted to intervention participants. The trial was part of a multicomponent process/outcome evaluation which included non-experimental components (se…
Measures of exposure to the Well London Phase-1 intervention and their association with health well-being and social outcomes
In this paper, we describe the measures of intervention exposure used in the cluster randomised trial of the Well London programme, a public health intervention using community engagement and community-based projects to increase physical activity, healthy eating and mental health and well-being in 20 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London.10 No earmarked resources to support the development of these measures and associated data collection …
OP06 Well London
Background Few public health interventions combining modification of the social and built environment with individual-level health promotion have been robustly evaluated in the UK. Well London is an assets-based community development programme designed to improve physical activity, healthy eating and mental wellbeing in highly deprived inner-city communities. The programme, delivered between 2007 and 2011, comprised a mix of projects delivering t…
Depression, anxiety and physical function
BACKGROUND: Depression, anxiety and physical function may be bi-directionally related. We aim to estimate the strength of the longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety and physical function. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of general practice attendees across Europe (N=4757) assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Main outcome measures were Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV major depression, Patient Health …
Determinants of physical activity in deprived communities in London
Background The benefits of regular physical activity are well known. Few adults in the UK meet the recommended levels. There is growing evidence suggesting that neighbourhood characteristics interact with individual characteristics to determine physical activity levels. Objective Examine relationships between neighbourhood-level and individual-level characteristics and physical activity. Setting 40 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London (c…
Determinants of mental health and wellbeing in low income communities
Background Poor mental health is more common in deprived communities in the UK. Individual characteristics (employment, financial security, significant life events, social networks) are key proximal determinants of mental health. It is important to examine the upstream effects of the neighbourhood environment on mental health because it may be easier to modify in the context of public health interventions that aim to reduce health inequalities. O…
Measures of exposure to the Well London Phase-1 intervention and their association with health well-being and social outcomes
In this paper, we describe the measures of intervention exposure used in the cluster randomised trial of the Well London programme, a public health intervention using community engagement and community-based projects to increase physical activity, healthy eating and mental health and well-being in 20 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London.10 No earmarked resources to support the development of these measures and associated data collection …
Well London Phase-1
BACKGROUND: We report the main results, among adults, of a cluster-randomised-trial of Well London, a community-engagement programme promoting healthy eating, physical activity and mental well-being in deprived neighbourhoods. The hypothesis was that benefits would be neighbourhood-wide, and not restricted to intervention participants. The trial was part of a multicomponent process/outcome evaluation which included non-experimental components (se…
Depression, anxiety and physical function
BACKGROUND: Depression, anxiety and physical function may be bi-directionally related. We aim to estimate the strength of the longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety and physical function. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of general practice attendees across Europe (N=4757) assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Main outcome measures were Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV major depression, Patient Health …
Determinants of physical activity in deprived communities in London
Background The benefits of regular physical activity are well known. Few adults in the UK meet the recommended levels. There is growing evidence suggesting that neighbourhood characteristics interact with individual characteristics to determine physical activity levels. Objective Examine relationships between neighbourhood-level and individual-level characteristics and physical activity. Setting 40 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London (c…
Determinants of mental health and wellbeing in low income communities
Background Poor mental health is more common in deprived communities in the UK. Individual characteristics (employment, financial security, significant life events, social networks) are key proximal determinants of mental health. It is important to examine the upstream effects of the neighbourhood environment on mental health because it may be easier to modify in the context of public health interventions that aim to reduce health inequalities. O…
OP06 Well London
Background Few public health interventions combining modification of the social and built environment with individual-level health promotion have been robustly evaluated in the UK. Well London is an assets-based community development programme designed to improve physical activity, healthy eating and mental wellbeing in highly deprived inner-city communities. The programme, delivered between 2007 and 2011, comprised a mix of projects delivering t…
Depression, anxiety and physical function
BACKGROUND: Depression, anxiety and physical function may be bi-directionally related. We aim to estimate the strength of the longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety and physical function. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of general practice attendees across Europe (N=4757) assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Main outcome measures were Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV major depression, Patient Health …
The association between maternal hepatitis B e antigen status, as a proxy for perinatal transmission, and the risk of hepatitis B e antigenaemia in Gambian children
Maternal HBeAg was associated with positive HBeAg in children with chronic HBV infection. This suggests that interrupting mother-to-infant transmission in sub-Saharan Africa might help reduce the burden of liver disease. A timely dose of HBV vaccine within 24 hours of birth, as recommended by WHO, should be implemented in sub-Saharan Africa
Well London Phase-1
BACKGROUND: We report the main results, among adults, of a cluster-randomised-trial of Well London, a community-engagement programme promoting healthy eating, physical activity and mental well-being in deprived neighbourhoods. The hypothesis was that benefits would be neighbourhood-wide, and not restricted to intervention participants. The trial was part of a multicomponent process/outcome evaluation which included non-experimental components (se…
Measures of exposure to the Well London Phase-1 intervention and their association with health well-being and social outcomes
In this paper, we describe the measures of intervention exposure used in the cluster randomised trial of the Well London programme, a public health intervention using community engagement and community-based projects to increase physical activity, healthy eating and mental health and well-being in 20 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London.10 No earmarked resources to support the development of these measures and associated data collection …
Zinc as an adjunct therapy in the management of severe pneumonia among Gambian children
BACKGROUND: The benefit of zinc as an adjunct therapy for severe pneumonia is not established. We assessed the benefit of adjunct zinc therapy for severe pneumonia in children and determined whether the study children were zinc deficient. METHODS: This was a randomized, parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 conducted in children with severe pneumonia to evaluate the efficacy of daily zinc as an adj…
Impact of routine vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b in The Gambia
BACKGROUND: type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine without a booster in its infant immunisation programme along with establishment of a population-based surveillance on Hib meningitis in the West Coast Region (WCR). This surveillance was stopped in 2002 with reported elimination of Hib disease. This was re-established in 2008 but stopped again in 2010. We aimed to re-establish the surveillance in WCR and to continue surveillance in Basse Health and Demog…
Thank You to Reviewers 2019
The impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on HIV care in 65 South African primary care clinics
BACKGROUND: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries is poorly described. We aimed to measure the impact of the 2020 national COVID-19 lockdown on HIV testing and treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where 1·7 million people are living with HIV. METHODS: In this interrupted time series analysis, we analysed anonymised programmatic data from 65 primary care clinics in KwaZulu-Natal province…
Sars-CoV-2 seroprevalence in three Kenyan health and demographic surveillance sites, December 2020-May 2021
Background Most of the studies that have informed the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya have relied on samples that are not representative of the general population. We conducted population-based serosurveys at three Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) to determine the cumulative incidence of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Methods We selected random age-stratified population-based samples at HDSSs in Kisumu, Nai…
Impact of active case-finding for tuberculosis on case-notifications in Blantyre, Malawi
Active case-finding (ACF) for tuberculosis can help find the “missing millions” with undiagnosed tuberculosis. In a cluster-randomised trial, we investigated impact of ACF on case-notifications in Blantyre, Malawi, where ACF has been intensively implemented following 2014 estimates of ~1,000 per 100,000 adults with undiagnosed TB. Following a pre-intervention prevalence survey (May 2019 to March 2020), constrained randomisation allocated neighbou…
Effect and cost-effectiveness of human-centred design-based approaches to increase adolescent uptake of modern contraceptives in Nigeria, Ethiopia and Tanzania
Around half of adolescent pregnancies in low- and middle-income countries are unintended, contributing to millions of unsafe abortions per year. Adolescents 360 (A360), a girl-centred initiative, aimed to increase voluntary uptake of modern contraceptives among adolescents in Nigeria, Ethiopia and Tanzania. We evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of A360 in increasing modern contraceptive use in selected geographies. We used before-…
Brazil towards malaria elimination
Malaria is a global health challenge, and international efforts are underway to alleviate its impact by 2035. Within the 249 million global cases, 0.6 million occur in the Americas, mainly in Venezuela, Brazil, and Colombia. Considering Brazil’s geographical proximity to malaria-endemic countries in South America, this study objective is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and time trends of imported malaria cases in Brazil from 2007 t…
Changes in the medical admissions and mortality amongst children in four South African hospitals following the Covid-19 pandemic
Vulnerable children from poor communities with high HIV and Tuberculosis(TB) burdens were impacted by COVID-19 lockdowns. Concern was raised about the extent of this impact and anticipated post-pandemic surges in mortality. Interrupted time series segmented regression analyses were done using routinely collected facility-level data of children admitted for medical conditions at four South African referral hospitals. Monthly admission and mortalit…
Impact of increasing CD4 count threshold eligibility for antiretroviral therapy initiation on advanced HIV disease and tuberculosis prevalence and incidence in South Africa
INTRODUCTION: We investigated the impact of increasing CD4 count eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on advanced HIV disease (AHD) and tuberculosis (TB) prevalence and incidence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South Africa. METHODS: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis with de-identified data of PLHIV aged ≥15 years initiating ART between April 2012 and February 2020 at 65 primary healthcare clinics in KwaZ…
Infectious diseases burden and antibiotic prescribing patterns among primary care patients in Harare, Zimbabwe – a cross-sectional analysis
Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) continue to experience a high burden of infectious diseases and disparities in access to and use of antimicrobials, yet data on antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings, where the majority of global prescriptions occur, remain scarce. The objective of this study is to provide data on diagnoses and antibiotic prescriptions among primary care patients in Harare, Zimbabwe. We conducted a retrospective stu…
The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of admissions to hospital with hypoxaemic and non-hypoxaemic pneumonia in Kenyan children
Observational evidence suggests that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are more effective at reducing the incidence of hypoxaemic pneumonia compared to non-hypoxaemic pneumonia. We examined the impact of 10-valent PCV (PCV10, Synflorix) on hypoxaemic pneumonia hospital admissions using data from an existing PCV impact study of clinical and radiographic pneumonia. PCV10 was introduced, with catch-up among children under 5 years, in the Kilifi…
Maternal nutrition practices and behaviours in the context of a Cash-Plus intervention
BACKGROUND: In low- and middle-income countries, breaking the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition requires the promotion of healthy nutrition practices and behaviours during pregnancy and early motherhood. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore nutrition practices and behaviours among pregnant women and mothers of children under 2 years who were exposed to the Cash-Plus intervention in tribal districts of Rajasthan, India. METHODS: Data was c…
Are hospital management practices associated with enhanced quality of care for small and sick newborns? A nationwide cross-sectional study using linked inpatient admission records in Malawi
Background: Improved quality of care is fundamental for reducing patient mortality and building sustainable health systems. Currently, there is a lack of research on the role of hospital management in improving the quality of care and health outcomes, particularly in low-income settings. Methods: We examined associations between hospital management practices and neonatal quality of care in Malawi. We adapted the World Management Survey tool to me…
Medicine (18 obras) · Environmental health (11 obras) · Internal Medicine (9 obras) · Demography (8 obras) · Population (8 obras) · Pediatrics (6 obras) · Gerontology (5 obras) · Gerontology (5 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (5 obras) · Psychiatry (5 obras)