Alan Brennan
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 6166874 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Alan Brennan |
| NOMBRES | Alan |
| APELLIDO | Brennan |
| FIRMA | BRENNAN A |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Sheffield |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1025-312X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 12 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2011 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Reducing tobacco supplier profits and pricing power
BACKGROUND: The tobacco industry generates substantial profits from products causing significant health and societal costs. These profits enable the industry to use pricing as a flexible marketing tool. Consequently, calls exist for a scheme to cap wholesale tobacco prices and offset this with higher taxation, reducing price variation and potentially raising revenue. This study models the health and economic impact of such a scheme in England. ME…
Reducing the exceptional affordability of hand-rolling tobacco using tax escalators
Sustained duty increases on the least expensive tobacco products could deliver substantial public health gains and reduce health inequalities. Such measures should coincide with strong enforcement against illicit tobacco and comprehensive smoking cessation support
How did labelling provision on menus for online food delivery change after implementation of England's calorie labelling regulations
This study describes the provision of calorie labelling in the digital out-of-home food sector after the implementation of mandatory calorie labelling for large businesses in England in April 2022. Using online menu data from two major food delivery services between June 2022 and October 2023, the number of restaurants available for delivery and the share of restaurants displaying calories was determined for every neighbourhood (Lower layer Super…
Public health economic modelling in evaluations of salt and/or alcohol policies
This scoping review highlights the substantial utilisation of health economic modelling for estimating the health and economic impact of interventions targeting salt or alcohol consumption. The limited use of combined alcohol and salt policy models presents a pressing need for models that could explore their integrated risk factor pathways for cost-effectiveness comparisons between salt and alcohol policies to inform primary prevention policymaki…
Quantile regression of tobacco tax pass-through in the UK 2017–2021
Our evidence shows heterogeneous levels of tax pass-through by price, region and level of deprivation. The findings emphasise the importance of understanding the pricing strategies of the tobacco industry (TI) and how these vary across the UK to develop robust approaches to mitigate the pricing strategies of the TI
Purchase price of tobacco in small retailers in Great Britain
Differences in average price paid for tobacco between more and less deprived neighbourhoods reflect variations in numbers of purchases across price segments. Combined (FMC and RYO) tobacco prices per stick have fallen, reflecting increasing RYO sales. Innovative approaches are required to respond to the tobacco industry's price differentiation by both price segment and product type and the growing importance of lower price RYO products
Model-based appraisal of the potential effects of minimum pricing for tobacco in Scotland
A minimum price implemented alongside tobacco duty rises could reduce smoking rates and improve public health, especially for those living in deprived areas where smoking rates and related harms are highest
Using agent-based models to explore dietary policy mechanisms
Estimation of integrated price elasticities for alcohol and tobacco in the United Kingdom using the living costs and food survey 2006–2017
The PHEM-B toolbox of methods for incorporating the influences on Behaviour into Public Health Economic Models
This is the first attempt to rigorously and coherently propose methods to incorporate the influences on behaviour into health economic models of public health interventions. It may not always be feasible or necessary to model the influences on behaviour explicitly, but it is essential to develop an understanding of the key influences. Changing behaviour and maintaining that behaviour change could have different influences; thus, there could be be…
Cross-model validation of public health microsimulation models; comparing two models on estimated effects of a weight management intervention
The key driver of difference between the models was the inclusion of extra evidence-based detail in SPHR on the impacts of treatments on HbA1c. The conclusions were less sensitive to the dataset used to inform the risk factor trajectories. These findings strengthen the original cost-effectiveness analyses of the weight management interventions and provide an increased understanding of what is structurally important in the models
Geographical differences in the financial impacts of different forms of tobacco licence fees on small retailers in Scotland
The introduction of tobacco licence fees offers a potential opportunity for reducing the availability of tobacco retailers. The likely impact of a tobacco licence fee is sensitive to the type of licence scheme implemented, the level at which fees are set and the retailers' location in relation to neighbourhood deprivation and rurality
Can Social Norms Explain Long-Term Trends in Alcohol Use? Insights from Inverse Generative Social Science
Social psychological theory posits entities and mechanisms that attempt to explain observable differences in behavior. For example, dual process theory suggests that an agent's behavior is influenced by intentional (arising from reasoning involving attitudes and perceived norms) and unintentional (i.e., habitual) processes. In order to pass the generative sufficiency test as an explanation of alcohol use, we argue that the theory should be able t…
Mapping alcohol and tobacco tax policy interventions to inform health and economic impact analyses
Impact analyses should consider the combined effects of alcohol and tobacco tax policies on health and economic inequalities, and how the effects of changes to the tax on each commodity might trade-off
Exploring the relationship between food advertising and consumption of foods high in fat, salt, and sugar in England
Feasibility and acceptability of an acceptance-based guided self-help programme for weight loss maintenance
Print and online textual news media coverage of UK low‐risk drinking guidelines from 2014 to 2017
Estimating the impact of changes in weight and BMI on EQ-5D-3L
This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN82857232
Impact of body mass and alcohol consumption on all‐cause and liver mortality in 240 000 adults in the United States
The role of alcohol use in the aetiology and progression of liver disease
Conceptualising changes to tobacco and alcohol policy as affecting a single interlinked system
Model development should carefully consider the ways in which individuals and the tobacco and alcohol industries might modify the effects of policy change, and the extent to which this results in an unequal societal distribution of outcomes. Modelled evidence should then be interpreted in the light of the conceptual understanding of the system that the modelling necessarily simplifies in order to predict the outcomes of policy change
The Normative Underpinnings of Population-Level Alcohol Use
Background. By defining what is “normal,” appropriate, expected, and unacceptable, social norms shape human behavior. However, the individual-level mechanisms through which social norms impact population-level trends in health-relevant behaviors are not well understood. Aims. To test the ability of social norms mechanisms to predict changes in population-level drinking patterns. Method. An individual-level model was developed to simulate dynamic …
Quantile regression of tobacco tax pass-through in the UK 2013–2019. How have manufacturers passed through tax changes for different tobacco products
Following the repeated introduction of increases in specific tobacco tax as well as standardised packaging, we show that the tobacco industry applies techniques to keep the cheapest tobacco cheaper relative to the more expensive products when passing on tax increases to smokers
Effects on alcohol consumption of announcing and implementing revised UK low-risk drinking guidelines
Background In January 2016, the UK announced and began implementing revised guidelines for low-risk drinking of 14 units (112 g) per week for men and women. This was a reduction from the previous guidelines for men of 3–4 units (24–32 g) per day. There was no large-scale promotion of the revised guidelines beyond the initial media announcement. This paper evaluates the effect of announcing the revised guidelines on alcohol consumption among adult…
Response to
[no abstract]
Testing the impact of local alcohol licencing policies on reported crime rates in England
BACKGROUND: Excessive alcohol use contributes to public nuisance, antisocial behaviour, and domestic, interpersonal and sexual violence. We test whether licencing policies aimed at restricting its spatial and/or temporal availability, including cumulative impact zones, are associated with reductions in alcohol-related crime. METHODS: Reported crimes at English lower tier local authority (LTLA) level were used to calculate the rates of reported cr…
Local policies to tackle a national problem
Measurable effects of local alcohol licensing policies on population health in England
BACKGROUND: English alcohol policy is implemented at local government level, leading to variations in how it is put into practice. We evaluated whether differences in the presence or absence of cumulative impact zones and the 'intensity' of licensing enforcement--both aimed at regulating the availability of alcohol and modifying the drinking environment--were associated with harm as measured by alcohol-related hospital admissions. METHODS: Premis…
The intervention effect of local alcohol licensing policies on hospital admission and crime
BACKGROUND: Control of alcohol licensing at local government level is a key component of alcohol policy in England. There is, however, only weak evidence of any public health improvement. We used a novel natural experiment design to estimate the impact of new local alcohol licensing policies on hospital admissions and crime. METHODS: We used Home Office licensing data (2007-2012) to identify (1) interventions: local areas where both a cumulative …
Processes of local alcohol policy-making in England
O4-6.4 The development of models to underpin public health guidance
The distinction between the developments of health economics decision models provides a mechanism to synthesise evidence from a range of different sources to inform policy debates and public health guidance decisions. In this session, exemplified by a discussion of the development of the Sheffield Alcohol Policy Model, we will discuss some of the main generic steps in model development. These iterative steps include a clear understanding of the s…
A theory-based online health behavior intervention for new university students
Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN67684181
Financial modelling for telemonitoring
The International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC) is an online, open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles in the field of integrated care on a continuous basis.IJIC has an Impact Factor of 5.120 (2020 JCR, received in June 2021)
Cost-effectiveness modelling of telemonitoring after discharge from hospital with heart failure
To estimate the cost-effectiveness of home telemonitoring (TM) or structured telephone support (STS) strategies versus usual care for adults recently discharged (within 28 days) after a heart failure (HF) exacerbation in England and Wales
A theory-based online health behaviour intervention for new university students (U@Uni)
Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN67684181
The cost-effectiveness of a theory-based online health behaviour intervention for new university students
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN67684181
Protocol for a national monthly survey of alcohol use in England with 6-month follow-up
The Alcohol Toolkit Study will improve understanding of population level factors influencing alcohol consumption and be an important resource for policy evaluation and planning
Agile Development of an Attitude-Behaviour Driven Simulation of Alcohol Consumption Dynamics
Whilst there have been several advocates for the application of software engineering (SE) methodologies in the development of agent-based models and simulations in the social sciences, the uptake of these techniques in the research community has been limited – or if authors are using such techniques, their use is underreported. Software engineering provides structured processes and techniques for designing, documenting, implementing and testing c…
Temporal patterns of alcohol consumption and attempts to reduce alcohol intake in England
January is associated with moderate increased attempts to reduce alcohol consumption. However, we find little evidence of a change in alcohol consumption. In part, this may be due to temporal insensitivity of the AUDIT questions
Are recent attempts to quit smoking associated with reduced drinking in England? A cross-sectional population survey
Smokers who report starting a quit attempt in the last week also report lower alcohol consumption, including less frequent binge drinking, and appear more likely to report currently attempting to reduce their alcohol consumption compared with smokers who do not report a quit attempt in the last week
Local policies to tackle a national problem
Measurable effects of local alcohol licensing policies on population health in England
BACKGROUND: English alcohol policy is implemented at local government level, leading to variations in how it is put into practice. We evaluated whether differences in the presence or absence of cumulative impact zones and the 'intensity' of licensing enforcement--both aimed at regulating the availability of alcohol and modifying the drinking environment--were associated with harm as measured by alcohol-related hospital admissions. METHODS: Premis…
Mapping Patterns and Trends in the Spatial Availability of Alcohol Using Low-Level Geographic Data
Much literature examines the relationship between the spatial availability of alcohol and alcohol-related harm. This study aims to address an important gap in this evidence by using detailed outlet data to examine recent temporal trends in the sociodemographic distribution of spatial availability for different types of alcohol outlet in England. Descriptive analysis of measures of alcohol outlet density and proximity using extremely high resoluti…
Investigating local policy drivers for alcohol harm prevention
New powers over alcohol policy for LAs in England can produce markedly different policies for reducing alcohol-related harm. These difference are rooted in economic, opportunistic, organisational and personnel factors particular to the LAs themselves and may lead to closely tailored solutions in some policy areas and poorer co-ordination and attention in others
Processes of local alcohol policy-making in England
The intervention effect of local alcohol licensing policies on hospital admission and crime
BACKGROUND: Control of alcohol licensing at local government level is a key component of alcohol policy in England. There is, however, only weak evidence of any public health improvement. We used a novel natural experiment design to estimate the impact of new local alcohol licensing policies on hospital admissions and crime. METHODS: We used Home Office licensing data (2007-2012) to identify (1) interventions: local areas where both a cumulative …
Testing the impact of local alcohol licencing policies on reported crime rates in England
BACKGROUND: Excessive alcohol use contributes to public nuisance, antisocial behaviour, and domestic, interpersonal and sexual violence. We test whether licencing policies aimed at restricting its spatial and/or temporal availability, including cumulative impact zones, are associated with reductions in alcohol-related crime. METHODS: Reported crimes at English lower tier local authority (LTLA) level were used to calculate the rates of reported cr…
Response to
[no abstract]
The Normative Underpinnings of Population-Level Alcohol Use
Background. By defining what is “normal,” appropriate, expected, and unacceptable, social norms shape human behavior. However, the individual-level mechanisms through which social norms impact population-level trends in health-relevant behaviors are not well understood. Aims. To test the ability of social norms mechanisms to predict changes in population-level drinking patterns. Method. An individual-level model was developed to simulate dynamic …
Quantile regression of tobacco tax pass-through in the UK 2013–2019. How have manufacturers passed through tax changes for different tobacco products
Following the repeated introduction of increases in specific tobacco tax as well as standardised packaging, we show that the tobacco industry applies techniques to keep the cheapest tobacco cheaper relative to the more expensive products when passing on tax increases to smokers
Effects on alcohol consumption of announcing and implementing revised UK low-risk drinking guidelines
Background In January 2016, the UK announced and began implementing revised guidelines for low-risk drinking of 14 units (112 g) per week for men and women. This was a reduction from the previous guidelines for men of 3–4 units (24–32 g) per day. There was no large-scale promotion of the revised guidelines beyond the initial media announcement. This paper evaluates the effect of announcing the revised guidelines on alcohol consumption among adult…
Impact of body mass and alcohol consumption on all‐cause and liver mortality in 240 000 adults in the United States
The role of alcohol use in the aetiology and progression of liver disease
Conceptualising changes to tobacco and alcohol policy as affecting a single interlinked system
Model development should carefully consider the ways in which individuals and the tobacco and alcohol industries might modify the effects of policy change, and the extent to which this results in an unequal societal distribution of outcomes. Modelled evidence should then be interpreted in the light of the conceptual understanding of the system that the modelling necessarily simplifies in order to predict the outcomes of policy change
Print and online textual news media coverage of UK low‐risk drinking guidelines from 2014 to 2017
Medicine (29 obras) · Environmental health (21 obras) · Public health (20 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (17 obras) · Psychology (13 obras) · Economics (11 obras) · Biostatistics (10 obras) · Business (10 obras) · Nursing (10 obras) · Political science (10 obras)