Wendy Snowdon
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 6460041 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Wendy Snowdon |
| NOMBRES | Wendy |
| APELLIDO | Snowdon |
| FIRMA | SNOWDON W |
| AFILIACIONES | Deakin University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 27 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 5 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 27 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2008 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Food tax policies in Pacific Island Countries and Territories
Objective: To systematically identify and review food taxation policy changes in Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). Design: Food taxation polices, regarding excise taxes and tariffs applied from 2000 to 2020 in twenty-two PICTs, and their key characteristics were reviewed. The search was conducted using databases, government legal repositories and broad-based search engines. Identified documents for screening included legislation, …
The tide of dietary risks for noncommunicable diseases in Pacific Islands
While some Pacific countries experienced reductions in diet related NCD risk factors over time, most did not. Most Pacific adults (88%) do not consume enough fruit and vegetables, 82% live with overweight or obesity, 33% live with hypertension and 40% live with hypercholesterolaemia. Population-wide approaches to promote fruit and vegetable consumption and reduce sugar, salt and fat intake need strengthening
Barriers and facilitators to the introduction of import duties designed to prevent noncommunicable disease in Tonga
BACKGROUND: In Tonga, import duties were lowered on tinned fish and seafood in 2013 and raised on soft drinks, dripping and other animal fats. Additional import duties were applied to soft drinks and dripping and other fats in 2016 and duties were also applied to high fat meats, mutton flaps and turkey tails. The objective of this study was to describe barriers to and facilitators of these import duties from a policy-maker perspective. METHODS: A…
Baseline status of policy and legislation actions to address non communicable diseases crisis in the Pacific
This baseline assessment fills a knowledge gap on current strengths and areas where more action is needed to scale up NCD action in a sustained 'whole of government and whole of society approach' in PICTs. The findings of this assessment can be used to identify priority actions, and as a mutual accountability mechanism to track progress on implementation of NCD policy and legislation at both national and Pacific level
Fruit and vegetable import duty reduction in Fiji to prevent obesity and non-communicable diseases
Objective: To describe the development of Fiji’s fruit and vegetable fiscal policies between 2010 and 2014 and explore the impact they have had on import volumes. Design: Qualitative case study and in-depth analysis of policy process. Policy impact was assessed using publicly available import volume data and prices of food products. Setting: Fiji. Participants: Senior government policy makers, non-communicable disease officers from the Ministry o…
Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors on Efate Island, Vanuatu
In Vanuatu, mean salt intake exceeds the recommended maximum daily intake, and contributes to the high proportion of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases. Understanding salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the Vanuatu population can inform appropriate interventions. This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the 2016−2017 Vanuatu Salt Survey. In total, 753 participants aged between 18 and 69 years from rural and …
Contribution of fat, sugar and salt to diets in the Pacific Islands
Objective Pacific Island countries are experiencing a high burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases; and consumption of fat, sugar and salt are important modifiable risk factors contributing to this. The present study systematically reviewed and summarized available literature on dietary intakes of fat, sugar and salt in the Pacific Islands. Design Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and GlobalHealth) were searched from 20…
Protocol to monitor trade agreement food-related aspects
Despite the growing rates of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases, globally, public health attention has only relatively recently turned to the links between trade agreements and the nutritional risks associated with it. Specific trade agreements appear to have played an influential role in the volume and types of foods entering different countries, yet there is currently no systematic and objective monitoring of trade agreements fo…
The development and implementation of a new import duty on palm oil to reduce non-communicable disease in Fiji
BACKGROUND: Non communicable diseases (NCD) place a significant health burden on Pacific Island countries including Fiji. Policy interventions to curb NCDs have been implemented in Fiji including a 32% increase in the import duty on palm oil. This study aims to analyse the development and implementation of the increase in palm oil import duty in Fiji. Also, to document the policy process, identify barriers and facilitators during implementation a…
Monitoring the impact of trade agreements on national food environments
BACKGROUND: Trade agreements are increasingly recognised as playing an influential role in shaping national food environments and the availability and nutritional quality of the food supply. Global monitoring of food environments and trade policies can strengthen the evidence base for the impact of trade policy on nutrition, and support improved policy coherence. Using the INFORMAS trade monitoring protocol, we reviewed available food supply data…
Factors affecting evidence-use in food policy-making processes in health and agriculture in Fiji
The use of evidence in policy-making will only become a reality in Fiji if it is a formalized part of the government's policy-making systems. A systems approach to food-related policy-making and implementation may achieve this by helping Ministries manage the complex and dynamic nature of food-related policy-making in Fiji
Monitoring and accountability for the Pacific response to the non-communicable diseases crisis
The framework for the Pacific Monitoring Alliance for NCD Action (MANA) draws together core country-level components of NCD monitoring data (mortality, morbidity, risk factors, health system responses, environments, and policies) and identifies key cross-cutting issues for strengthening national and regional monitoring systems. These include: capacity building; a regional knowledge exchange hub; innovations (monitoring childhood obesity and food …
Factors influencing fruit and vegetable intake among urban Fijians
Setting targets for salt levels in foods
Cost-effectiveness of reducing salt intake in the Pacific Islands
Salt reduction is a global priority and all Member States of the World Health Organization have agreed on a target to reduce salt intake by 30% by 2025, as part of the global action plan to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. The study described by this protocol will be the first to provide a robust assessment of salt intake and the impact of salt reduction interventions in the Pacific Islands. As such, it will inform the development …
Comparison of food industry policies and commitments on marketing to children and product (re)formulation in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji
Unhealthy food environments are known to be major drivers of diet-related non-communicable diseases globally, and there is an imperative for major food companies to be publicly accountable for their actions to improve the healthiness of food environments. This paper examines the prevalence of publicly available policies and commitments of major packaged food and soft drink manufacturers, and fast-food restaurants in Australia, New Zealand and Fij…
Informas ( I nternational N etwork for F ood and O besity/non‐communicable diseases R esearch, M onitoring and A ction S upport)
Non‐communicable diseases ( NCD s) dominate disease burdens globally and poor nutrition increasingly contributes to this global burden. Comprehensive monitoring of food environments, and evaluation of the impact of public and private sector policies on food environments is needed to strengthen accountability systems to reduce NCD s. The I nternational N etwork for F ood and O besity/ NCD s R esearch, M onitoring and A ction S upport ( INFORMAS ) …
Monitoring and benchmarking government policies and actions to improve the healthiness of food environments
Government action is essential to increase the healthiness of food environments and reduce obesity, diet‐related non‐communicable diseases ( NCD s), and their related inequalities. This paper proposes a monitoring framework to assess government policies and actions for creating healthy food environments. Recommendations from relevant authoritative organizations and expert advisory groups for reducing obesity and NCD s were examined, and pertinent…
Monitoring the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods and non‐alcoholic beverages in community and consumer retail food environments globally
Retail food environments are increasingly considered influential in determining dietary behaviours and health outcomes. We reviewed the available evidence on associations between community (type, availability and accessibility of food outlets) and consumer (product availability, prices, promotions and nutritional quality within stores) food environments and dietary outcomes in order to develop an evidence‐based framework for monitoring the availa…
A new generation of trade policy
Trade poses risks and opportunities to public health nutrition. This paper discusses the potential food-related public health risks of a radical new kind of trade agreement: the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP). Under negotiation since 2010, the TPP involves Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the USA, and Vietnam. Here, we review the international evidence on the relationships between…
Processed foods available in the Pacific Islands
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing reliance on processed foods globally, yet food composition tables include minimal information on their nutrient content. The Pacific Islands share common trade links and are heavily reliant on imported foods. The objective was to develop a dataset for the Pacific Islands on nutrient composition of processed foods sold and their sources. METHODS: Information on the food labels, including country of origin, nutrie…
Participants’ perceptions of a knowledge-brokering strategy to facilitate evidence-informed policy-making in Fiji
An innovative knowledge-brokering approach utilizing skill development and mentorship facilitated individual EIPM skills and policy brief development. The TROPIC model could stimulate evidence-based policy action relating to obesity prevention and other policy areas in other Pacific countries and elsewhere
Knowledge exchange in the Pacific
Public health interventions have rarely targeted evidence-informed policy making structures and processes to reduce obesity and NCDs. This study will empirically advance understanding of knowledge broking processes to extend evidence-informed policy making skills and develop a suite of national obesity-related policies that can potentially improve population health outcomes
Modelling of potential food policy interventions in Fiji and Tonga and their impacts on noncommunicable disease mortality
Prioritizing policy interventions to improve diets? Will it work, can it happen, will it do harm?
Policies from non-health sectors have considerable impacts on the food environment and in turn on population nutrition. Health impact assessment (HIA) methods have been developed to identify the potential health effects of non-health policies; however, they are underused both within and outside the health sector. HIA and other assessment methods and tools can be used more extensively in health promotion to assist with the identification of the be…
Problem and solution trees
Population nutrition problems have a diversity of contributory factors and, ideally, multi-sectoral solutions should be developed by the relevant stakeholders, based on a common understanding of these factors. The problem and solution tree approach is a participatory process of working through the layers of determinants and then developing potential interventions for a specific issue, using the available data and expertise. We tailored this appro…
Prioritizing policy interventions to improve diets? Will it work, can it happen, will it do harm?
Policies from non-health sectors have considerable impacts on the food environment and in turn on population nutrition. Health impact assessment (HIA) methods have been developed to identify the potential health effects of non-health policies; however, they are underused both within and outside the health sector. HIA and other assessment methods and tools can be used more extensively in health promotion to assist with the identification of the be…
Evidence-informed process to identify policies that will promote a healthy food environment in the Pacific Islands
Objective To implement a systematic evidence-informed process to enable Fiji and Tonga to identify the most feasible and targeted policy interventions which would have most impact on diet-related non-communicable diseases. Design A multisectoral stakeholder group of policy advisers was formed in each country. They used participatory approaches to identify the problem policies and gaps contributing to an unhealthy food environment. Potential solut…
Modelling of potential food policy interventions in Fiji and Tonga and their impacts on noncommunicable disease mortality
Knowledge exchange in the Pacific
Public health interventions have rarely targeted evidence-informed policy making structures and processes to reduce obesity and NCDs. This study will empirically advance understanding of knowledge broking processes to extend evidence-informed policy making skills and develop a suite of national obesity-related policies that can potentially improve population health outcomes
Informas ( I nternational N etwork for F ood and O besity/non‐communicable diseases R esearch, M onitoring and A ction S upport)
Non‐communicable diseases ( NCD s) dominate disease burdens globally and poor nutrition increasingly contributes to this global burden. Comprehensive monitoring of food environments, and evaluation of the impact of public and private sector policies on food environments is needed to strengthen accountability systems to reduce NCD s. The I nternational N etwork for F ood and O besity/ NCD s R esearch, M onitoring and A ction S upport ( INFORMAS ) …
Monitoring and benchmarking government policies and actions to improve the healthiness of food environments
Government action is essential to increase the healthiness of food environments and reduce obesity, diet‐related non‐communicable diseases ( NCD s), and their related inequalities. This paper proposes a monitoring framework to assess government policies and actions for creating healthy food environments. Recommendations from relevant authoritative organizations and expert advisory groups for reducing obesity and NCD s were examined, and pertinent…
Monitoring the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods and non‐alcoholic beverages in community and consumer retail food environments globally
Retail food environments are increasingly considered influential in determining dietary behaviours and health outcomes. We reviewed the available evidence on associations between community (type, availability and accessibility of food outlets) and consumer (product availability, prices, promotions and nutritional quality within stores) food environments and dietary outcomes in order to develop an evidence‐based framework for monitoring the availa…
A new generation of trade policy
Trade poses risks and opportunities to public health nutrition. This paper discusses the potential food-related public health risks of a radical new kind of trade agreement: the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP). Under negotiation since 2010, the TPP involves Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the USA, and Vietnam. Here, we review the international evidence on the relationships between…
Processed foods available in the Pacific Islands
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing reliance on processed foods globally, yet food composition tables include minimal information on their nutrient content. The Pacific Islands share common trade links and are heavily reliant on imported foods. The objective was to develop a dataset for the Pacific Islands on nutrient composition of processed foods sold and their sources. METHODS: Information on the food labels, including country of origin, nutrie…
Participants’ perceptions of a knowledge-brokering strategy to facilitate evidence-informed policy-making in Fiji
An innovative knowledge-brokering approach utilizing skill development and mentorship facilitated individual EIPM skills and policy brief development. The TROPIC model could stimulate evidence-based policy action relating to obesity prevention and other policy areas in other Pacific countries and elsewhere
Cost-effectiveness of reducing salt intake in the Pacific Islands
Salt reduction is a global priority and all Member States of the World Health Organization have agreed on a target to reduce salt intake by 30% by 2025, as part of the global action plan to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. The study described by this protocol will be the first to provide a robust assessment of salt intake and the impact of salt reduction interventions in the Pacific Islands. As such, it will inform the development …
Comparison of food industry policies and commitments on marketing to children and product (re)formulation in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji
Unhealthy food environments are known to be major drivers of diet-related non-communicable diseases globally, and there is an imperative for major food companies to be publicly accountable for their actions to improve the healthiness of food environments. This paper examines the prevalence of publicly available policies and commitments of major packaged food and soft drink manufacturers, and fast-food restaurants in Australia, New Zealand and Fij…
Setting targets for salt levels in foods
Monitoring and accountability for the Pacific response to the non-communicable diseases crisis
The framework for the Pacific Monitoring Alliance for NCD Action (MANA) draws together core country-level components of NCD monitoring data (mortality, morbidity, risk factors, health system responses, environments, and policies) and identifies key cross-cutting issues for strengthening national and regional monitoring systems. These include: capacity building; a regional knowledge exchange hub; innovations (monitoring childhood obesity and food …
Factors influencing fruit and vegetable intake among urban Fijians
Monitoring the impact of trade agreements on national food environments
BACKGROUND: Trade agreements are increasingly recognised as playing an influential role in shaping national food environments and the availability and nutritional quality of the food supply. Global monitoring of food environments and trade policies can strengthen the evidence base for the impact of trade policy on nutrition, and support improved policy coherence. Using the INFORMAS trade monitoring protocol, we reviewed available food supply data…
Factors affecting evidence-use in food policy-making processes in health and agriculture in Fiji
The use of evidence in policy-making will only become a reality in Fiji if it is a formalized part of the government's policy-making systems. A systems approach to food-related policy-making and implementation may achieve this by helping Ministries manage the complex and dynamic nature of food-related policy-making in Fiji
Protocol to monitor trade agreement food-related aspects
Despite the growing rates of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases, globally, public health attention has only relatively recently turned to the links between trade agreements and the nutritional risks associated with it. Specific trade agreements appear to have played an influential role in the volume and types of foods entering different countries, yet there is currently no systematic and objective monitoring of trade agreements fo…
The development and implementation of a new import duty on palm oil to reduce non-communicable disease in Fiji
BACKGROUND: Non communicable diseases (NCD) place a significant health burden on Pacific Island countries including Fiji. Policy interventions to curb NCDs have been implemented in Fiji including a 32% increase in the import duty on palm oil. This study aims to analyse the development and implementation of the increase in palm oil import duty in Fiji. Also, to document the policy process, identify barriers and facilitators during implementation a…
Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors on Efate Island, Vanuatu
In Vanuatu, mean salt intake exceeds the recommended maximum daily intake, and contributes to the high proportion of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases. Understanding salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the Vanuatu population can inform appropriate interventions. This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the 2016−2017 Vanuatu Salt Survey. In total, 753 participants aged between 18 and 69 years from rural and …
Contribution of fat, sugar and salt to diets in the Pacific Islands
Objective Pacific Island countries are experiencing a high burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases; and consumption of fat, sugar and salt are important modifiable risk factors contributing to this. The present study systematically reviewed and summarized available literature on dietary intakes of fat, sugar and salt in the Pacific Islands. Design Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and GlobalHealth) were searched from 20…
Baseline status of policy and legislation actions to address non communicable diseases crisis in the Pacific
This baseline assessment fills a knowledge gap on current strengths and areas where more action is needed to scale up NCD action in a sustained 'whole of government and whole of society approach' in PICTs. The findings of this assessment can be used to identify priority actions, and as a mutual accountability mechanism to track progress on implementation of NCD policy and legislation at both national and Pacific level
Fruit and vegetable import duty reduction in Fiji to prevent obesity and non-communicable diseases
Objective: To describe the development of Fiji’s fruit and vegetable fiscal policies between 2010 and 2014 and explore the impact they have had on import volumes. Design: Qualitative case study and in-depth analysis of policy process. Policy impact was assessed using publicly available import volume data and prices of food products. Setting: Fiji. Participants: Senior government policy makers, non-communicable disease officers from the Ministry o…
Barriers and facilitators to the introduction of import duties designed to prevent noncommunicable disease in Tonga
BACKGROUND: In Tonga, import duties were lowered on tinned fish and seafood in 2013 and raised on soft drinks, dripping and other animal fats. Additional import duties were applied to soft drinks and dripping and other fats in 2016 and duties were also applied to high fat meats, mutton flaps and turkey tails. The objective of this study was to describe barriers to and facilitators of these import duties from a policy-maker perspective. METHODS: A…
Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology (22 obras) · Medicine (21 obras) · Business (19 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Environmental health (14 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (14 obras) · Economics (13 obras) · Public health (11 obras) · Nutritional Studies and Diet (10 obras) · Geography (9 obras)