Darrell J Gaskin
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 668162 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Darrell J Gaskin |
| NOMBRES | Darrell J |
| APELLIDO | Gaskin |
| FIRMA | GASKIN D J |
| AFILIACIONES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0822-1583 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 152 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Measuring Structural Racism to Advance Health Equity
BACKGROUND: Structural racism, the interconnected policies, institutions, and norms that systematically disadvantage communities of color, remains a core determinant of health inequities in the United States. Despite growing recognition of its impact, public health lacks standardized, validated measurement tools across contexts, limiting intervention effectiveness and policy change. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed…
Exploring the Role of Health in Corporate Reporting
Exploring the association between income inequality, racial composition, and fatal police shootings in U.S. counties (2015–2022)
Can technology be good for health? Investigating health-promoting strategies in the private sector
Introduction: This research investigates what might motivate tech companies and impact-driven investors to adopt a health-promoting strategy in their product development and capital allocation strategies. Methods: Participants were recruited for semi-structured interviews through purposive and snowball sampling. From 83 outreach attempts, thematic saturation required 19 completed interviews out of the 46 consumer technology executives and impact-…
Exploring the Association Between Minimum Wage Policy, Income Inequality, and Obesity Rates in US Counties
Health Care Expenditures for Black and White US Adults Living Under Similar Conditions
In this cross-sectional study of Black and White adults in the US, health care expenditure disparities diminished or disappeared under conditions of both racial and economic equity and equitable health care access; in areas that were mostly high income and had mostly White residents, Black adults spent substantially less. Results underscore the continuing need to recognize place as a contributor to race-based differences in health care spending
Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence
Police violence is a multidimensional issue that requires consideration of the violent events and how these events reflect systemic oppression. Violence and policing practices are influenced by race and ethnicity, place/neighborhood, structural inequality, and racism. We performed an integrated literature review to critically evaluate the current evidence, focusing on the racial composition of communities and neighborhoods and its association wit…
Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the Prime Time Sister Circles (PTSC) program's impact on hypertension among midlife African American women
Unique identifier: NCT04371614 . Retrospectively registered on April 30, 2020
Race, ethnicity, poverty and the social determinants of the coronavirus divide
These results document differential pandemic impact in counties with more residents who are Black, Hispanic or Native American, highlighting the roles of residential racial segregation and other forms of discrimination. Factors including economic opportunities, occupational risk, public transit and housing conditions should be addressed in pandemic-related public health strategies to mitigate disparities across counties for the current pandemic a…
Decomposing Race and Ethnic Differences in CVD Risk Factors for Mid-life Women
Maryland dentists' perceptions and attitudes toward dental therapy
Maryland dentists in our focus group strongly oppose the use of dental therapists to address the state's unmet oral health care needs. Any effort to expand the state's dental workforce using dental therapists must address Maryland dentists' concerns and opinions
Health Care Disparities in Race-Ethnic Minority Communities and Populations
Disentangling Race, Poverty, and Place in Disparities in Physical Activity
Significant racial disparities in physical activity-a key protective health factor against obesity and cardiovascular disease-exist in the United States. Using data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the 2000 United States (US) Census, we estimated the impact of race, individual-level poverty, neighborhood-level poverty, and neighborhood racial composition on the odds of being physically active for 19,678 adul…
No Man is an Island
This study's purpose is to determine if neighborhood disadvantage, air quality, economic distress, and violent crime are associated with mortality among term life insurance policyholders, after adjusting for individual demographics, health, and socioeconomic characteristics. We used a sample of approximately 38,000 term life policyholders, from a large national life insurance company, who purchased a policy from 2002 to 2010. We linked this data …
Coping, Discrimination, and Physical Health Conditions Among Predominantly Poor, Urban African Americans
Comparing the Value of Nonprofit Hospitals’ Tax Exemption to Their Community Benefits
The tax-exempt status of nonprofit hospitals has received increased attention from policymakers interested in examining the value they provide instead of paying taxes. We use 2012 data from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Cost Reports, and American Hospital Association's (AHA) Annual Survey to compare the value of community benefits with the tax exemption. We contrast nonprofi…
Racial and Ethnic Composition of Hospitals’ Service Areas and the Likelihood of Being Penalized for Excess Readmissions by the Medicare Program
BACKGROUND: The Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) disproportionately penalizes hospitals serving minority communities. The National Academy of Science, Engineering, and Medicine has recommended that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) consider adjusting for social risk factors in their risk adjustment methodology. This study examines the association between the racial and ethnic composition of a hospital market and th…
A Fresh Perspective on a Familiar Problem
BACKGROUND: Disparities in the presentation of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and in the utilization of treatment across sex, racial, and ethnic groups in the United States are well documented. OBJECTIVES: We used a Markov model to calculate lifetime costs of knee OA treatment. We then used the model results to compute costs of disparities in treatment by race, ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used the literature to constru…
Race, Medical Mistrust, and Segregation in Primary Care as Usual Source of Care
The Contribution of Social and Environmental Factors to Race Differences in Dental Services Use
Racial Residential Segregation and Disparities in Obesity among Women
Examining Causes of Racial Disparities in General Surgical Mortality
BACKGROUND: Racial disparities in general surgical outcomes are known to exist but not well understood. OBJECTIVES: To determine if black-white disparities in general surgery mortality for Medicare patients are attributable to poorer health status among blacks on admission or differences in the quality of care provided by the admitting hospitals. RESEARCH DESIGN: Matched cohort study using Tapered Multivariate Matching. SUBJECTS: All black elderl…
Differences in the Rates of Patient Safety Events by Payer
BACKGROUND: The reduction of adverse patient safety events and the equitable treatment of patients in hospitals are clinical and policy priorities. Health services researchers have identified disparities in the quality of care provided to patients, both by demographic characteristics and insurance status. However, less is known about the extent to which disparities reflect differences in the places where patients obtain care, versus disparities i…
The intersection of neighborhood racial segregation, poverty, and urbanicity and its impact on food store availability in the United States
Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems and Their Mothers’ Labor Supply
It has been documented that about 20% of children and adolescents suffer from a diagnosable mental or addictive disorder in the United States. The high prevalence of children's emotional and behavioral problems (EBP) might have a negative effect on their mothers' labor market outcomes because children with EBP require additional time for treatment. However, these children may require additional financial resources, which might promote mothers' la…
Residential segregation, geographic proximity and type of services used
Race, Medical Mistrust, and Segregation in Primary Care as Usual Source of Care
Disparities in Diabetes
Objectives. We sought to determine the role of neighborhood poverty and racial composition on race disparities in diabetes prevalence. Methods. We used data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and 2000 US Census to estimate the impact of individual race and poverty and neighborhood racial composition and poverty concentration on the odds of having diabetes. Results. We found a race–poverty–place gradient for diabet…
Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities
Racial Residential Segregation and Disparities in Obesity among Women
Racial Disparities in Health and Wealth
Coping, Discrimination, and Physical Health Conditions Among Predominantly Poor, Urban African Americans
Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence
Police violence is a multidimensional issue that requires consideration of the violent events and how these events reflect systemic oppression. Violence and policing practices are influenced by race and ethnicity, place/neighborhood, structural inequality, and racism. We performed an integrated literature review to critically evaluate the current evidence, focusing on the racial composition of communities and neighborhoods and its association wit…
Population characteristics of markets of safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals
Health Care Disparities in Race-Ethnic Minority Communities and Populations
Community Characteristics and Mortality
Objectives. We compared the strength of association between average 5-year county-level mortality rates and area-level measures, including air quality, sociodemographic characteristics, violence, and economic distress. Methods. We obtained mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System and linked it to socioeconomic and demographic data from the Census Bureau, air quality data, violent crime statistics, and loan delinquency data. We mod…
Self-reported segregation experience throughout the life course and its association with adequate health literacy
The Contribution of Social and Environmental Factors to Race Differences in Dental Services Use
Health Insurance and Chronic Conditions in Low-Income Urban Whites
The Impact of Health Maintenance Organization Penetration on the Use of Hospitals That Serve Minority Communities
OBJECTIVES: Health maintenance organization (HMO) penetration has made hospital markets more price competitive. Hospitals in minority communities may be at a competitive disadvantage because they serve patients who are, on average, sicker and more likely to be uninsured or underinsured. This study estimated the impact of HMO penetration on the use of hospitals in minority communities during 1987 to 1992. METHODS: Using a sample of 1,413 short-ter…
Population characteristics of markets of safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals
Physicians??? Responses to Medicare Fee Schedule Reductions
BACKGROUND: Relatively little empirical research has addressed physicians' responses to fee changes under the Medicare Fee Schedule. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed Medicare claims data for ophthalmologists and orthopedic surgeons for the years 1991 through 1994 to evaluate the relative importance of profit-maximizing and target-income theories in determining physicians' supply responses to specific Medicare fee reductions. RESEARCH DESIGN: This study wa…
Hospitals' Care of Uninsured Patients during the 1990s
Competitive forces in health care make it difficult for hospitals to shift the costs of caring for poor and uninsured patients onto paying patients. The care of uninsured patients in teaching hospitals may have been especially affected by increased levels of managed care during the 1990s. We found that the market share of uninsured patients during the 1990s grew at academic health center hospitals relative to other hospitals in their service area…
Racial Disparities in Health and Wealth
Plan Choice and Changes in Access to Care over Time for SSI-Eligible Children with Disabilities
This paper analyzes how voluntary enrollment in the fee-for-service (FFS) system versus a partially capitated managed care plan affects changes in access to care over time for special needs children who receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) due to a disability. Four indicators of access are evaluated, including specialty care, hospital care, emergency care, and access to a regular doctor. We employ the Heckman two-step estimation procedure t…
Perceived Discrimination and Adherence to Medical Care in a Racially Integrated Community
Level of Evidence of the Value of Care in Federally Qualified Health Centers for Policy Making
The Problem: Community health centers (CHCs) are part of the United States' medical care safety net. Cost effectiveness is a critical element of value in today's health policy environment. Not all cost-effectiveness studies employ formal peer-reviewed methodologies. A review of the literature on CHCs' cost effectiveness is necessary to assess whether a higher level of evidence is needed to guide future policy. Purpose: We sought to review the qua…
Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities
Caregivers’ Ratings of Access
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate how enrollment in a partially capitated managed care (MC) option versus the fee-for-service (FFS) system affects caregivers' ratings of dimensions of access to services among children with special health care needs (SHCN). SUBJECTS: The data were collected from telephone interviews during the summer and fall of 2002 with a random sample of 1088 caregivers of children with SHCN who qualified f…
Health Supervision Visits among SSI-Eligible Children in the D.C. Medicaid Program
Managed care plans that involve some form of capitation may have adverse effects on children with special health care needs because the financial incentives to control costs may result in under-treatment and restrict access to expensive services and specialty providers. Proponents highlight the advantages of a managed care model, including case management and coordination of services. In light of this debate, only a few state Medicaid programs ha…
Place, Not Race
Much of the current health disparities literature fails to account for the fact that the nation is largely segregated, leaving racial groups exposed to different health risks and with variable access to health services based on where they live. We sought to determine if racial health disparities typically reported in national studies remain the same when black and white Americans live in integrated settings. Focusing on a racially integrated, low…
Do Minority Patients Use Lower Quality Hospitals
Employing three years of inpatient discharge data from 11 states and inpatient and patient safety quality indicators from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), this paper explored whether minority (black, Hispanic, and Asian) patients used lower quality hospitals. We found that the association between the share of minority patients and hospital quality depended on how quality was measured and varied by race and ethnicity. Hospita…
The Economic Costs of Pain in the United States
Residential Segregation and Disparities in Health Care Services Utilization
Using data from the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and the 2000 Census, the authors explored whether race/ethnic disparities in health care use were associated with residential segregation. They used five measures of health care use: office-based physician visits, outpatient department physician visits, visits to nurses and physician’s assistants, visits to other health professionals, and having a usual source of care. For each individual,…
Self-reported segregation experience throughout the life course and its association with adequate health literacy
Do Diabetic Patients Living in Racially Segregated Neighborhoods Experience Different Access and Quality of Care
BACKGROUND: Place of residence, particularly residential segregation, has been implicated in health and health care disparities. However, prior studies have not focused on care for diabetes, a prevalent condition for minority populations. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of residential segregation with a range of access and quality of care outcomes among black and Hispanics with diabetes using a nationally representative US sample. RESEARCH …
Residential segregation, geographic proximity and type of services used
The intersection of neighborhood racial segregation, poverty, and urbanicity and its impact on food store availability in the United States
Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems and Their Mothers’ Labor Supply
It has been documented that about 20% of children and adolescents suffer from a diagnosable mental or addictive disorder in the United States. The high prevalence of children's emotional and behavioral problems (EBP) might have a negative effect on their mothers' labor market outcomes because children with EBP require additional time for treatment. However, these children may require additional financial resources, which might promote mothers' la…
Health Insurance and Chronic Conditions in Low-Income Urban Whites
Disparities in Diabetes
Objectives. We sought to determine the role of neighborhood poverty and racial composition on race disparities in diabetes prevalence. Methods. We used data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and 2000 US Census to estimate the impact of individual race and poverty and neighborhood racial composition and poverty concentration on the odds of having diabetes. Results. We found a race–poverty–place gradient for diabet…
Community Characteristics and Mortality
Objectives. We compared the strength of association between average 5-year county-level mortality rates and area-level measures, including air quality, sociodemographic characteristics, violence, and economic distress. Methods. We obtained mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System and linked it to socioeconomic and demographic data from the Census Bureau, air quality data, violent crime statistics, and loan delinquency data. We mod…
The Contribution of Social and Environmental Factors to Race Differences in Dental Services Use
Racial Residential Segregation and Disparities in Obesity among Women
Medicine (41 obras) · Health care (25 obras) · Environmental health (23 obras) · Demography (20 obras) · Gerontology (18 obras) · Public health (18 obras) · Healthcare Policy and Management (17 obras) · Population (17 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (16 obras) · Health equity (16 obras)