Richard E Chaisson
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 6766586 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Richard E Chaisson |
| NOMBRES | Richard E |
| APELLIDO | Chaisson |
| FIRMA | CHAISSON R E |
| AFILIACIONES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4710-925X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 16 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1987 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
An evaluation of a choice architecture-based intervention on prescribing of TB preventive treatment to people living with HIV in southern Africa (the CAT study)
INTRODUCTION: While highly effective for reducing the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB preventive treatment (TPT) is underused among people living with HIV (PWH). We evaluated the effectiveness of a behavioural economics-based choice architecture approach to increase facility-level TPT prescribing to PWH in Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-randomised trial within the IMPAACT4TB 3HP rollout, in which 57 healthc…
Cost and cost-effectiveness of pediatric home-based versus facility-based TB Preventive Treatment in Ethiopia (CHIP-TB)
Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is an essential intervention recommended for all child contacts in Ethiopia under 15 years who are at risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. We conducted a cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of home-based versus facility-based TPT provision for child contacts in Ethiopia. As part of the CHIP TB trial, a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial conducted at eighteen clinics in Ethiopia, clinics were randomized to…
First and second doses of Covishield vaccine provided high level of protection against Sars-CoV-2 infection in highly transmissible settings
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Covishield vaccine among residents of congregate residential facilities. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study in congregate residential facilities. SETTING: Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, India, from December 2020 to July 2021. PARTICIPANTS: Residents of all ages in seven facilities-three monasteries, two old age homes and two learning centres-were enrolled. EXPOSURES: First and second …
An Education and Field Experience Program to Increase Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus
Generation Tomorrow has been successful in engaging students and community peers in HIV and HCV education, testing, and counseling, and has documented HIV and HCV positivity rates well above general community prevalence
South African TB nurses' experiences of provider-initiated HIV counseling and testing in the Eastern Cape Province
This study addressed factors that played a role in the limited but effective implementation of provider-initiated HIV counseling in tuberculosis (TB) clinics in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, as part of a clinical trial. The Eastern Cape is a region with some of the highest TB and HIV rates in the world. The parent study was a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial designed to measure the impact of provider-initiated ("opt-out") counseling…
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Virologic and Immunologic Outcomes in Adolescents Compared With Adults in Southern Africa
OBJECTIVE: To determine adherence to and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adolescents vs. adults in southern Africa. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING: Aid for AIDS, a private sector disease management program in southern Africa. SUBJECTS: Adolescents (age 11-19 years; n = 154) and adults (n = 7622) initiating ART between 1999 and 2006 and having a viral load measurement within 1 year after ART initiation. MAIN OUTCOME M…
Establishing a workplace antiretroviral therapy programme in South Africa
Ways to expand access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings are being sought. We describe an HIV care programme including ART in an industrial setting in South Africa. The programme uses guidelines derived from local and international best practice. The training component aims to build capacity among health care staff. Nurses and doctors are supported by experienced HIV clinicians through telephone consultation and site visits.…
Predicting smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis with classification trees and logistic regression
The results suggest that those models might be useful as screening tools for estimating the risk of SNPT, optimizing the utilization of more expensive tests, and avoiding costs of unnecessary anti-tuberculosis treatment. Those models might be cost-effective tools in a health care network with hierarchical distribution of scarce resources
Feasibility and acceptability of a specialist clinical service for HIV-infected mineworkers in South Africa
Occupational settings offer an ideal opportunity to provide preventive health services for HIV-infected workers. A specialized clinic was established in a mining hospital in the Free State, South Africa, with the primary aim of delivering preventive therapy such as isoniazid to those at high risk of tuberculosis (individuals with HIV infection or silicosis), and cotrimoxazole to those at highest risk for opportunistic infections. The clinic desig…
Longitudinal assessment of the effects of drug and alcohol abuse on HIV-1 treatment outcomes in an urban clinic
OBJECTIVE: To assess the temporal association of changes in substance abuse with antiretroviral therapy use and adherence, HIV-1 RNA suppression, and CD4 cell count changes in patients attending an urban clinic. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Six-hundred and ninety-five HIV-1-infected individuals, who completed two or more semi-annual standardized surveys and in whom antiretroviral therapy was indicated, were included in the analysis.…
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Urban Clinic
BACKGROUND: In clinical trials, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces plasma HIV-1 RNA levels to less than 500 copies/mL in 60% to 90% of patients with HIV-1 infection. The performance of such therapy outside of the clinical trial setting is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with failure to suppress HIV-1 RNA levels and adverse drug reactions in a cohort of patients in whom protease inhibitor-containing therapy wa…
Evaluation of an HIV/Aids education program in an urban prenatal clinic
Discrepancies Between Women??s Personal Interview Data and Medical Record Documentation of Illicit Drug Use, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and HIV Infection
O'Campo, Patricia PhD; De Boer, Melanie A. BS; Faden, Ruth R. PhD; Gielen, Andrea C. ScD; Kass, Nancy ScD; Chaisson, Richard MD Author Information
Cocaine Use and HIV Infection in Intravenous Drug Users in San Francisco
We assessed risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 633 heterosexual intravenous drug users. The HIV seroprevalence was 26% in blacks, 10% in Hispanics, and 6% in whites. Intravenous cocaine use significantly increased the risk of HIV infection, with a seroprevalence of 35% in daily cocaine users (odds ratio, 6.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 13.3). Black subjects were more likely to use cocaine regularly. Drug use in …
Time of exposure and risk of HIV infection in homosexual partners of men with Aids
We interviewed, and tested for HIV antibody, 117 homosexual men who had been regular sexual partners of men who developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); 85 tested seropositive. Receptive anal intercourse with the index AIDS case and number of different sexual partners with whom subjects were anally receptive were both risk factors. Controlling for the number of partners with whom subjects were anally receptive, we found that the odds …
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco
To investigate the risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in San Francisco, the prevalence of antibodies to HIV was determined in 281 heterosexual intravenous drug users recruited from community-based settings. Ten per cent of subjects had ELISA and Western blot confirmed seropositivity for antibodies (95 per cent CI 6.8-14.2 per cent). Analysis of behavioral factors revealed an increased risk of seropositivity in addicts w…
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco
To investigate the risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in San Francisco, the prevalence of antibodies to HIV was determined in 281 heterosexual intravenous drug users recruited from community-based settings. Ten per cent of subjects had ELISA and Western blot confirmed seropositivity for antibodies (95 per cent CI 6.8-14.2 per cent). Analysis of behavioral factors revealed an increased risk of seropositivity in addicts w…
Time of exposure and risk of HIV infection in homosexual partners of men with Aids
We interviewed, and tested for HIV antibody, 117 homosexual men who had been regular sexual partners of men who developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); 85 tested seropositive. Receptive anal intercourse with the index AIDS case and number of different sexual partners with whom subjects were anally receptive were both risk factors. Controlling for the number of partners with whom subjects were anally receptive, we found that the odds …
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco
To investigate the risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in San Francisco, the prevalence of antibodies to HIV was determined in 281 heterosexual intravenous drug users recruited from community-based settings. Ten per cent of subjects had ELISA and Western blot confirmed seropositivity for antibodies (95 per cent CI 6.8-14.2 per cent). Analysis of behavioral factors revealed an increased risk of seropositivity in addicts w…
Time of exposure and risk of HIV infection in homosexual partners of men with Aids
We interviewed, and tested for HIV antibody, 117 homosexual men who had been regular sexual partners of men who developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); 85 tested seropositive. Receptive anal intercourse with the index AIDS case and number of different sexual partners with whom subjects were anally receptive were both risk factors. Controlling for the number of partners with whom subjects were anally receptive, we found that the odds …
Cocaine Use and HIV Infection in Intravenous Drug Users in San Francisco
We assessed risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 633 heterosexual intravenous drug users. The HIV seroprevalence was 26% in blacks, 10% in Hispanics, and 6% in whites. Intravenous cocaine use significantly increased the risk of HIV infection, with a seroprevalence of 35% in daily cocaine users (odds ratio, 6.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 13.3). Black subjects were more likely to use cocaine regularly. Drug use in …
Discrepancies Between Women??s Personal Interview Data and Medical Record Documentation of Illicit Drug Use, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and HIV Infection
O'Campo, Patricia PhD; De Boer, Melanie A. BS; Faden, Ruth R. PhD; Gielen, Andrea C. ScD; Kass, Nancy ScD; Chaisson, Richard MD Author Information
Evaluation of an HIV/Aids education program in an urban prenatal clinic
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Urban Clinic
BACKGROUND: In clinical trials, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces plasma HIV-1 RNA levels to less than 500 copies/mL in 60% to 90% of patients with HIV-1 infection. The performance of such therapy outside of the clinical trial setting is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with failure to suppress HIV-1 RNA levels and adverse drug reactions in a cohort of patients in whom protease inhibitor-containing therapy wa…
Longitudinal assessment of the effects of drug and alcohol abuse on HIV-1 treatment outcomes in an urban clinic
OBJECTIVE: To assess the temporal association of changes in substance abuse with antiretroviral therapy use and adherence, HIV-1 RNA suppression, and CD4 cell count changes in patients attending an urban clinic. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Six-hundred and ninety-five HIV-1-infected individuals, who completed two or more semi-annual standardized surveys and in whom antiretroviral therapy was indicated, were included in the analysis.…
Feasibility and acceptability of a specialist clinical service for HIV-infected mineworkers in South Africa
Occupational settings offer an ideal opportunity to provide preventive health services for HIV-infected workers. A specialized clinic was established in a mining hospital in the Free State, South Africa, with the primary aim of delivering preventive therapy such as isoniazid to those at high risk of tuberculosis (individuals with HIV infection or silicosis), and cotrimoxazole to those at highest risk for opportunistic infections. The clinic desig…
Predicting smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis with classification trees and logistic regression
The results suggest that those models might be useful as screening tools for estimating the risk of SNPT, optimizing the utilization of more expensive tests, and avoiding costs of unnecessary anti-tuberculosis treatment. Those models might be cost-effective tools in a health care network with hierarchical distribution of scarce resources
Establishing a workplace antiretroviral therapy programme in South Africa
Ways to expand access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings are being sought. We describe an HIV care programme including ART in an industrial setting in South Africa. The programme uses guidelines derived from local and international best practice. The training component aims to build capacity among health care staff. Nurses and doctors are supported by experienced HIV clinicians through telephone consultation and site visits.…
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Virologic and Immunologic Outcomes in Adolescents Compared With Adults in Southern Africa
OBJECTIVE: To determine adherence to and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adolescents vs. adults in southern Africa. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING: Aid for AIDS, a private sector disease management program in southern Africa. SUBJECTS: Adolescents (age 11-19 years; n = 154) and adults (n = 7622) initiating ART between 1999 and 2006 and having a viral load measurement within 1 year after ART initiation. MAIN OUTCOME M…
South African TB nurses' experiences of provider-initiated HIV counseling and testing in the Eastern Cape Province
This study addressed factors that played a role in the limited but effective implementation of provider-initiated HIV counseling in tuberculosis (TB) clinics in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, as part of a clinical trial. The Eastern Cape is a region with some of the highest TB and HIV rates in the world. The parent study was a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial designed to measure the impact of provider-initiated ("opt-out") counseling…
An Education and Field Experience Program to Increase Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus
Generation Tomorrow has been successful in engaging students and community peers in HIV and HCV education, testing, and counseling, and has documented HIV and HCV positivity rates well above general community prevalence
First and second doses of Covishield vaccine provided high level of protection against Sars-CoV-2 infection in highly transmissible settings
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Covishield vaccine among residents of congregate residential facilities. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study in congregate residential facilities. SETTING: Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, India, from December 2020 to July 2021. PARTICIPANTS: Residents of all ages in seven facilities-three monasteries, two old age homes and two learning centres-were enrolled. EXPOSURES: First and second …
An evaluation of a choice architecture-based intervention on prescribing of TB preventive treatment to people living with HIV in southern Africa (the CAT study)
INTRODUCTION: While highly effective for reducing the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB preventive treatment (TPT) is underused among people living with HIV (PWH). We evaluated the effectiveness of a behavioural economics-based choice architecture approach to increase facility-level TPT prescribing to PWH in Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-randomised trial within the IMPAACT4TB 3HP rollout, in which 57 healthc…
Cost and cost-effectiveness of pediatric home-based versus facility-based TB Preventive Treatment in Ethiopia (CHIP-TB)
Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is an essential intervention recommended for all child contacts in Ethiopia under 15 years who are at risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. We conducted a cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of home-based versus facility-based TPT provision for child contacts in Ethiopia. As part of the CHIP TB trial, a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial conducted at eighteen clinics in Ethiopia, clinics were randomized to…
Medicine (16 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (10 obras) · Family medicine (7 obras) · Internal Medicine (7 obras) · HIV Research and Treatment (6 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (6 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (5 obras) · Immunology (5 obras) · Cohort study (4 obras)