Lisa V Alexander
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 6817814 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Lisa V Alexander |
| NOMBRES | Lisa V |
| APELLIDO | Alexander |
| FIRMA | ALEXANDER L V |
| AFILIACIONES | UNSW Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5635-2457 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 14 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2002 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
Attributing global impacts of local extremes to climate change for improving loss and damage estimates
The historic agreement to establish a Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage ('the Fund') at the 27th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) in 2022 introduced a new financial mechanism to assist countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in responding to loss and damage. The momentum on the Fund continued in 2023 at COP28 in Dubai, where the Fund's o…
Intercomparison of annual precipitation indices and extremes over global land areas from in situ, space-based and reanalysis products
A range of in situ , satellite and reanalysis products on a common daily 1° × 1° latitude/longitude grid were extracted from the Frequent Rainfall Observations on Grids database to help facilitate intercomparison and analysis of precipitation extremes on a global scale. 22 products met the criteria for this analysis, namely that daily data were available over global land areas from 50°S to 50°N since at least 2001. From these daily gridded data, …
Diverse estimates of annual maxima daily precipitation in 22 state-of-the-art quasi-global land observation datasets
Observational evidence of precipitation extremes is vital to better understand how these events might change in a future warmer climate. Over the terrestrial regions of a quasi-global domain, we assess the representation of annual maxima of daily precipitation (Rx1day) in 22 observational products gridded at 1° × 1° resolution and clustered into four categories: station-based in situ , satellite observations with or without a correction to rain g…
Exploring trends in wet-season precipitation and drought indices in wet, humid and dry regions
This study examines wet season droughts using eight products from the Frequent Rainfall Observations on GridS database. The study begins by evaluating wet season precipitation totals and wet day counts at seasonal and decadal time scales. While we find a high level of agreement among the products at a seasonal time scale, evaluations of 10 year variability indicate substantial non-stationary inter-product differences that make the assessment of l…
On the use of indices to study extreme precipitation on sub-daily and daily timescales
While there are obstacles to the exchange of long-term high temporal resolution precipitation data, there have been fewer barriers to the exchange of so-called 'indices'. These are derived from daily and sub-daily data and measure aspects of precipitation frequency, duration and intensity that could be used for the study of extremes. This paper outlines the history of the rationale and use of these indices, the types of indices that are frequentl…
The unprecedented coupled ocean-atmosphere summer heatwave in the New Zealand region 2017/18
During austral summer (DJF) 2017/18, the New Zealand region experienced an unprecedented coupled ocean-atmosphere heatwave, covering an area of 4 million km2. Regional average air temperature anomalies over land were +2.2 °C, and sea surface temperature anomalies reached +3.7 °C in the eastern Tasman Sea. This paper discusses the event, including atmospheric and oceanic drivers, the role of anthropogenic warming, and terrestrial and marine impact…
The effects of climate extremes on global agricultural yields
Climate extremes, such as droughts or heat waves, can lead to harvest failures and threaten the livelihoods of agricultural producers and the food security of communities worldwide. Improving our understanding of their impacts on crop yields is crucial to enhance the resilience of the global food system. This study analyses, to our knowledge for the first time, the impacts of climate extremes on yield anomalies of maize, soybeans, rice and spring…
Greater increases in temperature extremes in low versus high income countries
It is commonly expected that the world's lowest income countries will face some of the worst impacts of global warming, despite contributing the least to greenhouse gas emissions. Using global atmospheric reanalyses we show that the world's lowest income countries are already experiencing greater increases in the occurrence of temperature extremes compared to the highest income countries, and have been for over two decades. Not only are low incom…
The influence of soil moisture deficits on Australian heatwaves
Several regions of Australia are projected to experience an increase in the frequency, intensity and duration of heatwaves (HWs) under future climate change. The large-scale dynamics of HWs are well understood, however, the influence of soil moisture deficits—due for example to drought—remains largely unexplored in the region. Using the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index, we show that the statistical responses of HW intensity and…
The timing of anthropogenic emergence in simulated climate extremes
Determining the time of emergence of climates altered from their natural state by anthropogenic influences can help inform the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change. Previous studies have examined the time of emergence of climate averages. However, at the global scale, the emergence of changes in extreme events, which have the greatest societal impacts, has not been investigated before. Based on state-of-the-art cl…
Differential Effects of Temperature Extremes on Hospital Admission Rates for Respiratory Disease between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory
The health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians may be exacerbated by climate change if temperature extremes have disproportionate adverse effects on Indigenous people. To explore this issue, we analysed the effect of temperature extremes on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, stratified by age, Indigenous status and sex, for people living in two different climates zones in the Northern Territory during the period 1993-…
Future changes to the intensity and frequency of short-duration extreme rainfall
Evidence that extreme rainfall intensity is increasing at the global scale has strengthened considerably in recent years. Research now indicates that the greatest increases are likely to occur in short-duration storms lasting less than a day, potentially leading to an increase in the magnitude and frequency of flash floods. This review examines the evidence for subdaily extreme rainfall intensification due to anthropogenic climate change and desc…
Effect of Ambient Temperature on Australian Northern Territory Public Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Disease among Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Populations
Hospitalisations are associated with ambient temperature, but little is known about responses in population sub-groups. In this study, heat responses for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in two age groups were examined for two categories of cardiac diseases using daily hospital admissions from five Northern Territory hospitals (1992-2011). Admission rates during the hottest five per cent of days and the coolest five per cent of days were comp…
Updated analyses of temperature and precipitation extreme indices since the beginning of the twentieth century
In this study, we present the collation and analysis of the gridded land‐based dataset of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX2. Indices were calculated based on station data using a consistent approach recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, resulting in the production of 17 temperature and 12 precipitation indices derived from daily maximum and minimum t…
On the Measurement of Heat Waves
Despite their adverse impacts, definitions and measurements of heat waves are ambiguous and inconsistent, generally being endemic to only the group affected, or the respective study reporting the analysis. The present study addresses this issue by employing a set of three heat wave definitions, derived from surveying heat-related indices in the climate science literature. The definitions include three or more consecutive days above one of the fol…
Debate heating up over changes in climate variability
Heatwaves have profound socio-economic impacts. Increases in temperature variability would exacerbate these impacts but debate rages in the literature about whether the climate has or will become more variable. There is currently no firm evidence that temperature variability has or will increase because questions have been raised about the methods used to reach this conclusion. However, irrespective of changing temperature variability, the impact…
Changes in Climate Extremes and their Impacts on the Natural Physical Environment
Chapter 3 of Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This chapter addresses changes in weather and climate events relevant to extreme impacts and disasters.
Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and warm spells
Using the latest HadGHCND daily temperature dataset, global trends in observed summertime heatwaves and annually calculated warm spells for 1950–2011 are analysed via a multi‐index, multi‐aspect framework. Three indices that separately focus on maximum temperature (TX90pct), minimum temperature (TN90pct) and average temperature (EHF) were studied with respect to five characteristics of event intensity, frequency and duration. Despite which index …
Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data
Indices for climate variability and extremes have been used for a long time, often by assessing days with temperature or precipitation observations above or below specific physically‐based thresholds. While these indices provided insight into local conditions, few physically based thresholds have relevance in all parts of the world. Therefore, indices of extremes evolved over time and now often focus on relative thresholds that describe features …
Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation
A suite of climate change indices derived from daily temperature and precipitation data, with a primary focus on extreme events, were computed and analyzed. By setting an exact formula for each index and using specially designed software, analyses done in different countries have been combined seamlessly. This has enabled the presentation of the most up‐to‐date and comprehensive global picture of trends in extreme temperature and precipitation in…
Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
We present the Met Office Hadley Centre's sea ice and sea surface temperature (SST) data set, HadISST1, and the nighttime marine air temperature (NMAT) data set, HadMAT1. HadISST1 replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude‐longitude grid from 1871. The companion HadMAT1 runs monthly from 1856 on a 5° lat…
Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century
A new global dataset of derived indicators has been compiled to clarify whether frequency and/or severity of climatic extremes changed during the second half of the 20th century. This period provides the best spatial coverage of homogenous daily series, which can be used for calculating the proportion of global land area exhibiting a significant change in extreme or severe weather. The authors chose 10 indicators of extreme climatic events, defin…
Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data
Indices for climate variability and extremes have been used for a long time, often by assessing days with temperature or precipitation observations above or below specific physically‐based thresholds. While these indices provided insight into local conditions, few physically based thresholds have relevance in all parts of the world. Therefore, indices of extremes evolved over time and now often focus on relative thresholds that describe features …
Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century
A new global dataset of derived indicators has been compiled to clarify whether frequency and/or severity of climatic extremes changed during the second half of the 20th century. This period provides the best spatial coverage of homogenous daily series, which can be used for calculating the proportion of global land area exhibiting a significant change in extreme or severe weather. The authors chose 10 indicators of extreme climatic events, defin…
Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
We present the Met Office Hadley Centre's sea ice and sea surface temperature (SST) data set, HadISST1, and the nighttime marine air temperature (NMAT) data set, HadMAT1. HadISST1 replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude‐longitude grid from 1871. The companion HadMAT1 runs monthly from 1856 on a 5° lat…
Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation
A suite of climate change indices derived from daily temperature and precipitation data, with a primary focus on extreme events, were computed and analyzed. By setting an exact formula for each index and using specially designed software, analyses done in different countries have been combined seamlessly. This has enabled the presentation of the most up‐to‐date and comprehensive global picture of trends in extreme temperature and precipitation in…
Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data
Indices for climate variability and extremes have been used for a long time, often by assessing days with temperature or precipitation observations above or below specific physically‐based thresholds. While these indices provided insight into local conditions, few physically based thresholds have relevance in all parts of the world. Therefore, indices of extremes evolved over time and now often focus on relative thresholds that describe features …
Changes in Climate Extremes and their Impacts on the Natural Physical Environment
Chapter 3 of Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This chapter addresses changes in weather and climate events relevant to extreme impacts and disasters.
Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and warm spells
Using the latest HadGHCND daily temperature dataset, global trends in observed summertime heatwaves and annually calculated warm spells for 1950–2011 are analysed via a multi‐index, multi‐aspect framework. Three indices that separately focus on maximum temperature (TX90pct), minimum temperature (TN90pct) and average temperature (EHF) were studied with respect to five characteristics of event intensity, frequency and duration. Despite which index …
Updated analyses of temperature and precipitation extreme indices since the beginning of the twentieth century
In this study, we present the collation and analysis of the gridded land‐based dataset of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX2. Indices were calculated based on station data using a consistent approach recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, resulting in the production of 17 temperature and 12 precipitation indices derived from daily maximum and minimum t…
On the Measurement of Heat Waves
Despite their adverse impacts, definitions and measurements of heat waves are ambiguous and inconsistent, generally being endemic to only the group affected, or the respective study reporting the analysis. The present study addresses this issue by employing a set of three heat wave definitions, derived from surveying heat-related indices in the climate science literature. The definitions include three or more consecutive days above one of the fol…
Debate heating up over changes in climate variability
Heatwaves have profound socio-economic impacts. Increases in temperature variability would exacerbate these impacts but debate rages in the literature about whether the climate has or will become more variable. There is currently no firm evidence that temperature variability has or will increase because questions have been raised about the methods used to reach this conclusion. However, irrespective of changing temperature variability, the impact…
Future changes to the intensity and frequency of short-duration extreme rainfall
Evidence that extreme rainfall intensity is increasing at the global scale has strengthened considerably in recent years. Research now indicates that the greatest increases are likely to occur in short-duration storms lasting less than a day, potentially leading to an increase in the magnitude and frequency of flash floods. This review examines the evidence for subdaily extreme rainfall intensification due to anthropogenic climate change and desc…
Effect of Ambient Temperature on Australian Northern Territory Public Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Disease among Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Populations
Hospitalisations are associated with ambient temperature, but little is known about responses in population sub-groups. In this study, heat responses for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in two age groups were examined for two categories of cardiac diseases using daily hospital admissions from five Northern Territory hospitals (1992-2011). Admission rates during the hottest five per cent of days and the coolest five per cent of days were comp…
The timing of anthropogenic emergence in simulated climate extremes
Determining the time of emergence of climates altered from their natural state by anthropogenic influences can help inform the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change. Previous studies have examined the time of emergence of climate averages. However, at the global scale, the emergence of changes in extreme events, which have the greatest societal impacts, has not been investigated before. Based on state-of-the-art cl…
Differential Effects of Temperature Extremes on Hospital Admission Rates for Respiratory Disease between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory
The health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians may be exacerbated by climate change if temperature extremes have disproportionate adverse effects on Indigenous people. To explore this issue, we analysed the effect of temperature extremes on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, stratified by age, Indigenous status and sex, for people living in two different climates zones in the Northern Territory during the period 1993-…
The influence of soil moisture deficits on Australian heatwaves
Several regions of Australia are projected to experience an increase in the frequency, intensity and duration of heatwaves (HWs) under future climate change. The large-scale dynamics of HWs are well understood, however, the influence of soil moisture deficits—due for example to drought—remains largely unexplored in the region. Using the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index, we show that the statistical responses of HW intensity and…
Greater increases in temperature extremes in low versus high income countries
It is commonly expected that the world's lowest income countries will face some of the worst impacts of global warming, despite contributing the least to greenhouse gas emissions. Using global atmospheric reanalyses we show that the world's lowest income countries are already experiencing greater increases in the occurrence of temperature extremes compared to the highest income countries, and have been for over two decades. Not only are low incom…
Exploring trends in wet-season precipitation and drought indices in wet, humid and dry regions
This study examines wet season droughts using eight products from the Frequent Rainfall Observations on GridS database. The study begins by evaluating wet season precipitation totals and wet day counts at seasonal and decadal time scales. While we find a high level of agreement among the products at a seasonal time scale, evaluations of 10 year variability indicate substantial non-stationary inter-product differences that make the assessment of l…
On the use of indices to study extreme precipitation on sub-daily and daily timescales
While there are obstacles to the exchange of long-term high temporal resolution precipitation data, there have been fewer barriers to the exchange of so-called 'indices'. These are derived from daily and sub-daily data and measure aspects of precipitation frequency, duration and intensity that could be used for the study of extremes. This paper outlines the history of the rationale and use of these indices, the types of indices that are frequentl…
The unprecedented coupled ocean-atmosphere summer heatwave in the New Zealand region 2017/18
During austral summer (DJF) 2017/18, the New Zealand region experienced an unprecedented coupled ocean-atmosphere heatwave, covering an area of 4 million km2. Regional average air temperature anomalies over land were +2.2 °C, and sea surface temperature anomalies reached +3.7 °C in the eastern Tasman Sea. This paper discusses the event, including atmospheric and oceanic drivers, the role of anthropogenic warming, and terrestrial and marine impact…
The effects of climate extremes on global agricultural yields
Climate extremes, such as droughts or heat waves, can lead to harvest failures and threaten the livelihoods of agricultural producers and the food security of communities worldwide. Improving our understanding of their impacts on crop yields is crucial to enhance the resilience of the global food system. This study analyses, to our knowledge for the first time, the impacts of climate extremes on yield anomalies of maize, soybeans, rice and spring…
Intercomparison of annual precipitation indices and extremes over global land areas from in situ, space-based and reanalysis products
A range of in situ , satellite and reanalysis products on a common daily 1° × 1° latitude/longitude grid were extracted from the Frequent Rainfall Observations on Grids database to help facilitate intercomparison and analysis of precipitation extremes on a global scale. 22 products met the criteria for this analysis, namely that daily data were available over global land areas from 50°S to 50°N since at least 2001. From these daily gridded data, …
Diverse estimates of annual maxima daily precipitation in 22 state-of-the-art quasi-global land observation datasets
Observational evidence of precipitation extremes is vital to better understand how these events might change in a future warmer climate. Over the terrestrial regions of a quasi-global domain, we assess the representation of annual maxima of daily precipitation (Rx1day) in 22 observational products gridded at 1° × 1° resolution and clustered into four categories: station-based in situ , satellite observations with or without a correction to rain g…
Attributing global impacts of local extremes to climate change for improving loss and damage estimates
The historic agreement to establish a Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage ('the Fund') at the 27th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) in 2022 introduced a new financial mechanism to assist countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in responding to loss and damage. The momentum on the Fund continued in 2023 at COP28 in Dubai, where the Fund's o…
Climatology (20 obras) · Environmental Science (20 obras) · Climate variability and models (19 obras) · Geography (18 obras) · Meteorology (15 obras) · Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations (14 obras) · Climate change (12 obras) · Precipitation (12 obras) · Geology (9 obras) · Atmospheric sciences (8 obras)