Kieran S O’Brien

Datos Biográficos

ID7001999
NOMBREKieran S O’Brien
NOMBRESKieran S
APELLIDOO’Brien
FIRMAO’BRIEN K S
AFILIACIONESUniversity of California, San Francisco
ORCID0000-0002-1962-5321
VERIFICADOSí
TOTAL DE OBRAS16
TOTAL DE CITAS0
TOTAL COMO AUTOR16
TOTAL COMO EDITOR0
PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN2020
AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN2026
ÍNDICE H0

  • Micro-costing for national-scale azithromycin mass drug administration to improve child survival in Niger

    Open AccessBrittany Peterson, William Nguyen et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2026

    As programs for azithromycin mass drug administration (AZ-MDA) to reduce child mortality have begun in some parts of West Africa, it is imperative to understand their financial costs. We combined a micro-costing framework and observations from an implementation-focused sub-study within the AVENIR trials in 80 communities in the Dosso region of Niger to estimate the national health sector financial costs of a scaled-up programmatic approach for az…

  • Integration of azithromycin mass administration to 1–11-month-old children into an existing health platform to reduce child mortality

    Open AccessFanny Yago-Wienne, Djeinam Touré et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2026

    BACKGROUND: Azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) to ages 1-59 months can reduce childhood mortality; however, more evidence is needed to support targeting a narrower age range of 1-11 months. This trial assesses the efficacy of azithromycin MDA to 1-11-month-old children in reducing mortality in a real-world setting with integration of vitamin A delivery within the established Child Health Days platform in Burkina Faso. METHODS: Mortalite …

  • Community perspectives on awareness, care-seeking, and implementation of a corneal ulcer prevention program in Nepal

    Open AccessKelly C Nguyen, Puspa Giri et al.ARTICLEGlobal Health Action2026

    Background A corneal ulcer prevention program trained Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) to diagnose and treat corneal abrasions in Nepal.Objective To understand community eyecare-seeking behavior, program awareness, and program perceptions.Methods This mixed-methods study was conducted in program communities. Surveys assessed awareness in a random sample of 10–20 households per community at 6 and 18 months after program initiation. Focus…

  • Predictors of home- vs . facility-based delivery among women living in rural Niger

    Open AccessBrittany Peterson, Ahmed M Arzika et al.ARTICLEJournal of Global Health2026

    Background: Niger has one of the highest maternal mortality rates, and facility delivery can help prevent these deaths. While distance to health facilities predicts home delivery in other sub-Saharan African settings, few studies have examined this relationship in Niger. Methods: This cross-sectional survey, an ancillary study to the AVENIR trial, included women aged 12-59 years old with a child participating in a sub-trial of AVENIR. Trained wor…

  • Seasonality of underweight among infants 1–11 months old in Niger

    Open AccessBrittany Peterson, Ahmed M Arzika et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2025

    INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is a risk factor for child mortality, with around 45% of deaths in children under 5 globally linked to malnutrition. Seasonality of malnutrition has important implications for the timing of child health programme activities, but evidence is mixed on the nature of such patterns. Moreover, the bulk of the existing evidence is focused on wasting and stunting in children 6-59 months, despite increasing evidence that younger…

  • Effect of biannual azithromycin on respiratory pathogens among symptomatic children

    Open AccessJie Liu, Stephanie A Brennhofer et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2025

    Introduction Biannual (ie, every 6 months) mass drug administration of azithromycin has reduced childhood mortality in Niger, but its effects on specific respiratory pathogens are not fully elucidated. Methods Across 2 years of the Macrolides Oraux pour Réduire les Décès avec un Oeil sur la Résistance (MORDOR) study in Niger, we evaluated 1468 nasopharyngeal swabs from children who presented for care with respiratory symptoms. Swabs were tested b…

  • The role of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in the effect of azithromycin on child mortality

    Open AccessElisabeth Gebreegziabher, Mamadou Ouattara et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2025

    The objective of this study was to examine whether the effect of mass Azithromycin (AZ) distribution on all-cause mortality among children under 5 varies with seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) administration season or coverage. This was a secondary analysis of the Community Health with Azithromycin Trial (CHAT), a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial of twice-yearly AZ treatment in 341 communities in the Nouna District, Burkina Faso.…

  • Mass azithromycin for prevention of child mortality among children with acute malnutrition

    Open AccessAli Sié, Mamadou Ouattara et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2024

    Children with acute malnutrition are at high risk of morality. Mass azithromycin distribution reduces all-cause mortality among children aged 1–59 months, and effects may be greater in underweight infants. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of azithromycin for reducing all-cause mortality in children aged 6–59 months with acute malnutrition (mid-upper arm circumference, MUAC, P -value for interaction on the relative scale = 0.09; P -value for interac…

  • Neonatal anthropometric indicators of infant growth and mortality in Burkina Faso

    Open AccessMamadou Bountogo, Ali Sié et al.ARTICLEPublic Health Nutrition2024

    Objective: Most evidence supporting screening for undernutrition is for children aged 6–59 months. However, the highest risk of mortality and highest incidence of wasting occurs in the first 6 months of life. We evaluated relationships between neonatal anthropometric indicators, including birth weight, weight-for-age Z -score (WAZ), weight-for-length Z-score (WLZ), length-for-age Z -score (LAZ) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and mortality…

  • Comparison of door-to-door and fixed-point delivery of azithromycin distribution for child survival in Niger

    Open AccessAhmed M Arzika, Ramatou Maliki et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2023

    Recent evidence indicates mass azithromycin distribution reduces under-5 mortality. This intervention is being considered for child survival programs in high mortality sub-Saharan African settings. The delivery approach used in prior studies required a full-time census and distribution team, which is not feasible for most programs. To determine the optimal programmatic approach to delivery, this study aimed to compare treatment coverage, costs, a…

  • Prognostic value of different anthropometric indices over different measurement intervals to predict mortality in 6–59-month-old children

    Open AccessAndré Briend, Mark Myatt et al.ARTICLEPublic Health Nutrition2023

    Objective: To compare the prognostic value of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), weight-for-height Z -score (WHZ) and weight-for-age Z -score (WAZ) for predicting death over periods of 1, 3 and 6 months follow-up in children. Design: Pooled analysis of twelve prospective studies examining survival after anthropometric assessment. Sensitivity and false-positive ratios to predict death within 1, 3 and 6 months were compared for three individual an…

  • Anthropometric criteria for best-identifying children at high risk of mortality

    Open AccessTanya Khara, Mark Myatt et al.ARTICLEPublic Health Nutrition2023

    Objective: To understand which anthropometric diagnostic criteria best discriminate higher from lower risk of death in children and explore programme implications. Design: A multiple cohort individual data meta-analysis of mortality risk (within 6 months of measurement) by anthropometric case definitions. Sensitivity, specificity, informedness and inclusivity in predicting mortality, face validity and compatibility with current standards and prac…

  • Simplified dosing of oral azithromycin for children 1–11 months old in child survival programmes

    Open AccessHuiyu Hu, Ahmed M Arzika et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2022

    BACKGROUND: To facilitate mass distribution of azithromycin, trachoma control programmes use height instead of weight to determine dose for children 6 months to 15 years old. WHO has recommended azithromycin distribution to children 1-11 months old to reduce mortality in high mortality settings under carefully monitored conditions. Weight was used to determine dose in children 1-5 months old in studies of azithromycin distribution for child survi…

  • How does baseline anthropometry affect anthropometric outcomes in children receiving treatment for severe acute malnutrition? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

    Open AccessClarisse Dah, Ourohiré Millogo et al.ARTICLEMaternal and Child Nutrition2022

    Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 11.5 cm and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) < -3 are used for screening for severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Underweight and concurrent wasting and stunting may better target those at the highest risk of mortality. We compared anthropometric outcomes in children enrolled in a trial of antibiotics for SAM based on categories of baseline anthropometry, including indicators for programme admission (WHZ < -3, MUAC…

  • Age-based targeting of biannual azithromycin distribution for child survival in Niger

    Open AccessKieran S O’Brien, Ahmed M Arzika et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2021

    This trial was registered on January 13, 2020 (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04224987 )

  • Comparison of anthropometric indicators to predict mortality in a population-based prospective study of children under 5 years in Niger

    Open AccessKieran S O’Brien, Abdou Amza et al.ARTICLEPublic Health Nutrition2020

    Objective: In the present study, we aimed to compare anthropometric indicators as predictors of mortality in a community-based setting. Design: We conducted a population-based longitudinal study nested in a cluster-randomized trial. We assessed weight, height and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) on children 12 months after the trial began and used the trial’s annual census and monitoring visits to assess mortality over 2 years. Setting: Niger. …