David T Lykken
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 713271 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David T Lykken |
| NOMBRES | David T |
| APELLIDO | Lykken |
| FIRMA | LYKKEN D T |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Minnesota |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 347 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1956 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2013 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
The Antisocial Personalities
This volume presents a scholarly analysis of psychopathic and sociopathic personalities and the conditions that give rise to them. In so doing, it offers a coherent theoretical and developmental analysis of socialization and its vicissitudes, and of the role played in socialization by the crime-relevant genetic traits of the child and the skills and limitations of the primary socializing agents, the parents. This volume also describes how America…
"Parental licensure"
"Parental licensure"
Parental licensure
Most of the 1,400,000 men currently locked up in American prisons would have become tax-paying neighbors had they been switched in the hospital nursery and sent home with a mature, self-supporting, married couple. The parent with whom they did go home would in most instances not have been fit to adopt someone else's baby. It is argued that perhaps the only effective way to reduce crime and the other pathologies of the growing American underclass-…
Licensing Parents
The objections of three distinguished critics to my ‘Causes and Costs of Crime and a Controversial Cure’ (this issue) are welcomed but, in some cases, returned for further consideration
A Behavioral Genetic Analysis of the Relationship Between the Socialization Scale and Self‐Reported Delinquency
This investigation examined the genetic (A), and shared (C) and nonshared (E) environmental variance contributions to the relationship of self‐reported delinquency (as measured by the “Delinquent Behavior Inventory” [DBI; Gibson, 1967]) to the Socialization (So) scale of the California Psychological Inventory using univariate and bivariate structural equation models. The scales were administered to 222 male (145 monozygotic; 77 dizygotic) and 159…
The Causes and Costs of Crime and a Controversial Cure
In spite of recent modest decreases, the epidemic of crime that began in the United States in the early 1960s has left us with a rate of violent crime that is still some 300% higher than it was 40 years ago. The usual suspects—poverty, the easy availability of street drugs and handguns, violent television programs—cannot account for this ominous trend. The fact that African Americans are responsible for nearly half of this violence, although they…
Reconstructing fathers
Reconstructing fathers
Incompetent parenting
Happiness Is a Stochastic Phenomenon
Happiness, or subjective well-being, was measured on a birth-record-based sample of several thousand middle-aged twins using the Well-Being (WB) scale of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire Neither socioeconomic status, educational attainment, family income, marital status, nor an indicant of religious commitment could account for more than about 3% of the variance in WB From 44% to 52% of the variance in WB, however, is associated wit…
Exploring Nonlinear Models in Personality Assessment
In this article we discuss the applicability of several new measurement models to the construction of personality scales, and we contrast these models with more traditional approaches in common usage, such as the principal factor analysis model. Our goal is to illustrate how nonlinear item‐response models can be profitably used in personality research. We describe the development of a 30‐item Negative Emotionality scale that was constructed using…
Personality and divorce
M. McGue and D.T. Lykken (1992) found that divorce risk was, to a substantial degree, genetically mediated; prior research has identified numerous social and psychological factors that affect divorce risk (G.C. Kitson, K.B. Barbi, & M.J. Roach, 1985). The present study attempted to link these domains by examining the extent to which genetic influences on one such psychological factor, personality, explain divorce risk heritability. A sample of ad…
Psychopathy, sociopathy, and crime
Personality stability and change in early adulthood
Seventy-nine monozygotic and 48 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs completed the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire twice, averaging 20 years of age at first and 30 years at second testing. There were significant mean decreases in measures of Negative Emotionality (NE), increases in measures of Constraint (CO), but no significant mean changes for measures of Positive Emotionality (PE). Variance decreased for measures of NE but remained stable …
Is human mating adventitious or the result of lawful choice? A twin study of mate selection
Pairs of middle-aged twins and their spouses provided data on 74 mainly psychological variables. Neither spousal similarity nor idiosyncratic criteria could account for specific mate selection in these 738 couples. Of the twins (and their spouses), 547 independently rated their initial attraction to their twin's mate (or to their spouse's twin): Findings suggest that characteristics both of the chooser and the chosen constrain mate selection only…
Genetic Influence on Risk of Divorce
Although it has long been recognized that there is increased risk of divorce among the children of divorced parents, the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to this familial resemblance has been a matter of speculation only. In order to resolve the separate influence of genetic and environmental factors on risk of divorce, divorce status of 1,516 same-sex twin pairs (722 monozygotic. MZ, and 794 dizygotic. DZ), their pare…
Emergenesis
Emergenesis
Traits that are influenced by a configuration--rather than by a simple sum--of polymorphic genes may not be seen to be genetic unless one studies monozygotic twins (who share all their genes and thus all gene configurations) because such "emergenic" traits will tend not to run in families. Personal idiosyncrasies that have been found to be surprisingly concordant among MZ twins separated in infancy and reared apart may be emergenic traits. More s…
The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire
Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) is a self-report inventory designed to assess Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence, the three primary dimensions of his Biosocial Learning Model of normal and abnormal personality. We examined the structural validity of the TPQ and the relations among the TPQ lower- and higher-order scales to those of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; Tellegen, 1982) i…
Why (some) Americans believe in the lie detector while others believe in the guilty knowledge test
Sources of Human Psychological Differences
Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reared apart, has subjected more than 100 sets of reared-apart twins or triplets to a week of intensive psychological and physiological assessment. Like the prior, smaller studies of monozygotic twins reared apart, about 70% of the variance in IQ was found to be associated with genetic variation. On multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupat…
Gold medal award for life achievement in the applications of psychology
Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together
We administered the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) to 217 monozygotic and 114 dizygotic reared-together adult twin pairs and 44 monozygotic and 27 dizygotic reared-apart adult twin pairs. A four-parameter biometric model (incorporating genetic, additive versus nonadditive, shared family-environment, and unshared environment components) and five reduced models were fitted through maximum-likelihood techniques to data obtained wit…
Detecting deception
Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together
We administered the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) to 217 monozygotic and 114 dizygotic reared-together adult twin pairs and 44 monozygotic and 27 dizygotic reared-apart adult twin pairs. A four-parameter biometric model (incorporating genetic, additive versus nonadditive, shared family-environment, and unshared environment components) and five reduced models were fitted through maximum-likelihood techniques to data obtained wit…
Personality stability and change in early adulthood
Seventy-nine monozygotic and 48 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs completed the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire twice, averaging 20 years of age at first and 30 years at second testing. There were significant mean decreases in measures of Negative Emotionality (NE), increases in measures of Constraint (CO), but no significant mean changes for measures of Positive Emotionality (PE). Variance decreased for measures of NE but remained stable …
Statistical significance in psychological research
Most theories in the areas of personality, clinical, and social psychology predict no more than the direction of a correlation, group difference, or treatment effect. Since the null hypothesis is never strictly true, such predictions have about a SO-SO chance of being confirmed by experiment when the theory in question is false, since the statistical significance of the result is a function of the sample size. Confirmation of a single directional…
A study of anxiety in the sociopathic personality
Personality and divorce
M. McGue and D.T. Lykken (1992) found that divorce risk was, to a substantial degree, genetically mediated; prior research has identified numerous social and psychological factors that affect divorce risk (G.C. Kitson, K.B. Barbi, & M.J. Roach, 1985). The present study attempted to link these domains by examining the extent to which genetic influences on one such psychological factor, personality, explain divorce risk heritability. A sample of ad…
Is human mating adventitious or the result of lawful choice? A twin study of mate selection
Pairs of middle-aged twins and their spouses provided data on 74 mainly psychological variables. Neither spousal similarity nor idiosyncratic criteria could account for specific mate selection in these 738 couples. Of the twins (and their spouses), 547 independently rated their initial attraction to their twin's mate (or to their spouse's twin): Findings suggest that characteristics both of the chooser and the chosen constrain mate selection only…
Psychology and the lie detector industry
The detection of deception
Volunteer bias in twin research
Studies of adult same‐sex twins which rely upon volunteer subjects typically consist of about two‐thirds female and two‐thirds monozygotic (MZ) pairs. Because of this recruitment bias, the male and dizygotic (DZ) twins in such studies will be less representative of their respective populations and will show smaller between‐pair variance on many traits than will the comparison samples of female and MZ twins. This reduction in between‐pair variance…
Psychopathy, sociopathy, and crime
Why (some) Americans believe in the lie detector while others believe in the guilty knowledge test
Detecting Deception in 1984
Time for Cerberus to give his name
Infantile trauma, genetic factors, and adult temperament
A method of actuarial pattern analysis
A study of anxiety in the sociopathic personality
Infantile trauma, genetic factors, and adult temperament
Trauma, Emotionality, and Scientific Sin
Correcting psychophysiological measures for individual differences in range
Black Cats, Red Herrings, and Horses of Another Color
The critique by Persons and Persons, in this Journal, of the author's “Study of anxiety in the sociopathic personality” is considered with dismay
Statistical significance in psychological research
Most theories in the areas of personality, clinical, and social psychology predict no more than the direction of a correlation, group difference, or treatment effect. Since the null hypothesis is never strictly true, such predictions have about a SO-SO chance of being confirmed by experiment when the theory in question is false, since the statistical significance of the result is a function of the sample size. Confirmation of a single directional…
Preprints Anonymous
Time for Cerberus to give his name
Psychology and the lie detector industry
"Psychology and the lie detector industry"
"Psychology and the lie detector industry"
Volunteer bias in twin research
Studies of adult same‐sex twins which rely upon volunteer subjects typically consist of about two‐thirds female and two‐thirds monozygotic (MZ) pairs. Because of this recruitment bias, the male and dizygotic (DZ) twins in such studies will be less representative of their respective populations and will show smaller between‐pair variance on many traits than will the comparison samples of female and MZ twins. This reduction in between‐pair variance…
The detection of deception
Detecting Deception in 1984
Detecting deception
Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together
We administered the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) to 217 monozygotic and 114 dizygotic reared-together adult twin pairs and 44 monozygotic and 27 dizygotic reared-apart adult twin pairs. A four-parameter biometric model (incorporating genetic, additive versus nonadditive, shared family-environment, and unshared environment components) and five reduced models were fitted through maximum-likelihood techniques to data obtained wit…
Sources of Human Psychological Differences
Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reared apart, has subjected more than 100 sets of reared-apart twins or triplets to a week of intensive psychological and physiological assessment. Like the prior, smaller studies of monozygotic twins reared apart, about 70% of the variance in IQ was found to be associated with genetic variation. On multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupat…
Gold medal award for life achievement in the applications of psychology
The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire
Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) is a self-report inventory designed to assess Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence, the three primary dimensions of his Biosocial Learning Model of normal and abnormal personality. We examined the structural validity of the TPQ and the relations among the TPQ lower- and higher-order scales to those of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; Tellegen, 1982) i…
Why (some) Americans believe in the lie detector while others believe in the guilty knowledge test
Genetic Influence on Risk of Divorce
Although it has long been recognized that there is increased risk of divorce among the children of divorced parents, the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to this familial resemblance has been a matter of speculation only. In order to resolve the separate influence of genetic and environmental factors on risk of divorce, divorce status of 1,516 same-sex twin pairs (722 monozygotic. MZ, and 794 dizygotic. DZ), their pare…
Emergenesis
Emergenesis
Traits that are influenced by a configuration--rather than by a simple sum--of polymorphic genes may not be seen to be genetic unless one studies monozygotic twins (who share all their genes and thus all gene configurations) because such "emergenic" traits will tend not to run in families. Personal idiosyncrasies that have been found to be surprisingly concordant among MZ twins separated in infancy and reared apart may be emergenic traits. More s…
Personality stability and change in early adulthood
Seventy-nine monozygotic and 48 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs completed the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire twice, averaging 20 years of age at first and 30 years at second testing. There were significant mean decreases in measures of Negative Emotionality (NE), increases in measures of Constraint (CO), but no significant mean changes for measures of Positive Emotionality (PE). Variance decreased for measures of NE but remained stable …
Psychology (40 obras) · Social Psychology (26 obras) · Developmental psychology (18 obras) · Personality (12 obras) · Cognitive Abilities and Testing (10 obras) · Genetics (9 obras) · Medicine (9 obras) · Psychoanalysis (9 obras) · Social Psychology (9 obras) · Clinical Psychology (8 obras)