Maria Mednikova
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 74123 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Maria Mednikova |
| NOMBRES | Maria |
| APELLIDO | Mednikova |
| FIRMA | MEDNIKOVA M |
| AFILIACIONES | Institute of Archaeology |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1918-2161 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 80 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Mysteries of a Destroyed Settlement
In the 1960s, a full-scale expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IA RAS) excavated the entire inhabited area of the Shcherbinka hillfort in the Moscow region, the typical site of the Dyakovo archaeological culture. In 2022, the site was partially damaged by unauthorised construction activity, prompting emergency rescue excavations by IA RAS. Work on the slopes and natural terraces of the hillfort, areas ra…
Identification of Ancient Pathogens
This article advances a series of publications dedicated to the paleogenetic study of individuals from the Fatyanovo culture. Whole-genome sequencing of new samples from the Volosovo-Danilovsky burial ground in the Yaroslavl region of European Russia, along with rigorous bioinformatics analysis, has unequivocally demonstrated a significant genetic affinity between these individuals and the Bronze Age populations of the Czech Republic, Germany, an…
Oncological Diseases of the Population of the Jetyasar Archaeological Culture During the Early Middle Ages
При визуальном и радиологическом обследовании антропологической коллекции джетыасарской археологической культуры (регион Восточного Приара-лья), насчитывающей свыше 600 погребений из разных могильников, было встречено 6 случаев с яркими проявлениями метастатического рака. Данная публикация преследует целью введение в научный оборот контекстуального описания этих патологических изменений. Палеопатологические проявления во всех случаях соответствую…
Between Volga and Ural River basins
The focus of our study is the burials of two young men who died in distant lands (Middle Volga region and Southern Urals). Whole genome sequencing revealed a remarkable genetic similarity between the individuals and their potential decent from common ancestors. Men from the excavations of the Pepkino mound (burial No. 8, bronze caster) and buried No. 3 at the settlement of Maloyuldashevo 1 (sacrificed individual) were the owners of haplogroup R1b…
"Lost Child" or Vanguard? Linking Fatyanovo Population with Middle Volga Abashevo Culture using Ancient DNA Sequencing Data
High-throughput sequencing of ancient DNA from Fatyanovo and Abashevo cultures (7 and 3 men, respectively) has led to new hypotheses about their origin and contacts. According to published archaeological evidence, i. e., due to striking similarities between the grave goods discovered in the Middle Volga Abashevo burial complexes and those found in the bell-shaped beaker culture, it is believed that the Fatyanovo people may have descended from the…
A Geometric Morphometric Study of the Facial Skeleton Variation in the Jetyasar Archaeological Culture Population of the Eastern Aral Region
Introduction. The origin of the Jetyasar culture’s population remains a subject of debate. It was generally accepted that the Xiongnu penetrated into the Aral Sea region and participated in the formation of the local population. Previous studies have shown a complex and admixed origin of the Jetyasar people. But the spread of the head deformation tradition in this population imposes serious limitations on the application of craniometric methods f…
Differentiation of the Population of the Jetyasar Archaeological Culture Based on Paleopathology Data (A Case Study of the Excavated Materials of Altyn-Asar 4 Burial Grounds)
For the first time, a contextual consideration of some paleopathological manifestations on the adult skulls from the excavations of the Altyn-Asar 4 (n=363) burial grounds is proposed, which makes it possible to indirectly assess social stratification degree of the population of the Eastern Aral Sea region and the chronological dynamics of some indicators reflecting the quality of life of the population of the era of migrations. Comparison of the…
Ancient DNA of the Bearers of the Fatyanovo and Abashevo Cultures (Concerning Migrations of the Bronze Age people in the Forest Belt on the Russian Plain)
This study addresses a fundamental question of the origins and migration patterns of paleopopulations of the Fatyanovo and the Middle Volga Abashevo archaeological cultures. It is for the first time that we report a paleogenetic analysis of 14 Abashevo individuals (Pepkino and Starshy Nikitinsky sites). Besides, we analysed ancient DNA samples of 25 Fatyanovo individuals. Specifically, we performed analyses of STR marker and haplogroups of the Y …
On the status and selectivity of the infant burials of the Yamnaya Archaeological Culture of the Southern Urals (based on the excavation materials of the burial mound No. 1 of the Boldyrevo-4 group)
Bioarchaeology is an important field of interdisciplinary research based upon the contextual study of anthro-pological materials. In particular, bioarchaeology of childhood appears to be the most specialised area of re-search, addressing quality of life and social patterns of ancient groups. In this paper, we continue the study of the infant remains from the burial mound No. 1 of the Boldyrevo-4 burial ground - one of the elite and largest burial…
Bioarchaeology of Childhood in the Yamnaya Culture, Based on Kurgan 1 at Boldyrevo-4, the Southern Urals
Рассмотрены археологические и палеоантропологические данные о двух детских погребениях, представляющих ранний горизонт в кург. 1 могильника Болдырево-4 в Оренбургской обл., который был исследован в 2019-2020 гг. Ранние насыпи перекрывались огромным курганом над другим, более поздним захоронением взрослых людей. Весь комплекс был сооружен носителями ямной культуры на рубеже раннего и развитого ее этапов, ок. 3300-3100 кал. лет до н.э. Изучены оста…
A possible case of oncological disease of an individual of the Golden Horde time (based on the materials of the excavations of the Natukhaevskoye 5 burial ground)
Introduction. When examining the osteological collection, which came from the excavations of the Natukhaevskoye 5 mediaeval burial ground in the Krasnodar Region, the skeleton of a young man was found from a ground burial of the 14th century. The purpose of the study was to consider, within the framework of differential diagnosis, the possible cause of pathological changes found on this skeleton. Materials and methods. Identification and descript…
Intravital skeletal injuries of the bearers of the Fatyanovo culture in the light of archeological and genetic data
Materials and methods. All the specific consequences of antemortem traumas that we encountered come from materials obtained during excavations of the Volosovo-Danilovo burial ground in the Yaroslavl region, the largest Fatyanovo burial site. The anthropological study combined visual inspection and microfocus radiography. As part of the paleogenetic analysis, the study of nuclear DNA microsatellites was used. The work was carried out on the basis …
The Case of the Unique Systemic Pathology in a 14th Century Woman From the Excavations of the Natukhaevskoe 5 Cemetery
Публикация посвящена описанию редкой системной патологии, обнаруженной благодаря раскопкам в 2013-2014 гг. средневекового могильника Натухаевское 5 (г. Новороссийск, Краснодарский край). Погребение No 45 принадлежало к разряду грунтовых захоронений. Костяк был ориентирован по линии север - юг, головой на север, на спине, ноги в согнутом положении. Останки принадлежали женщине 25-29 лет. Был встречен комплекс уникальных врожденных аномалий развити…
Bioarchaeology of Childhood in the Yamnaya Culture, Based on Kurgan 1 at Boldyrevo-4, the Southern Urals
Archaeological and anthropological data concerning two children’s burials representing the early horizon at Boldyrevo-4 kurgan 1, Orenburg Region, excavated in 2019–2020, are presented. Early mounds were covered by a huge kurgan above another, later burial of adults. The entire complex was built by the Yamnaya people at the turn of the early and middle stages of this culture, about 3300–3100 cal BC. Remains of three children, aged about 6, from t…
Paleodemography of the Altyn-Asar burial grounds (concerning migrations in the Lower Syrdarya Basin)
Jetyasar archaeological culture was discovered and studied by the Khorezm expedition of the Institute of Ethnography of USSR. According to archeological data, this culture experienced many times transformations due to the influx of new population groups. This article presents for the first time complete data on paleodemography of samples from nineteen burial grounds of Altyn-Asar 4a-t, Kosasar 2 and Tompakasar, taking into account frac-tional chr…
Paleogenetic Analysis of the Residents from the Moscow Kremlin’s Podol (Lower Area) of the 14th Century (According to the Materials of Excavations in the Taynitsky Garden)
Introduction. The article presents the results of paleogenetic studies of medieval human remains of three people found in a closed archaeological complex (building 32) revealed during the excavations in 2007 in the Taynitsky Garden of the Moscow Kremlin (supervisor of excavations: N.A. Makarov). Previous studies on the dating of the complex links it to the devastation of Moscow by the troops of Tokhtamysh Khan in August 1382. The archaeological l…
Mummified Burial of a Child From the Saryg-Bulun Burial Ground (Central Tuva). New Data From Archaeology, Radiography, Anthropology and Genetics
In 1988 on the right bank of the Yenisei River in Central Tuva, two burial mounds from the Saryg-Bulun burial ground were excavated. Burial No 5 attracted special attention of archaeologists — it contained the partially mummified remains of a child with a rich and unusual inventory (bow, quiver with arrows, a hat, engraving on a wooden handle) in a wooden block. A recent genetic analysis made it possible to establish, contrary to expectations, th…
The Comprehensive Study of the Abashevo Battle Axe From the Malo-Kizilskoe Unfortified Settlement
В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования медного боевого топора абашевской культуры, происходящего с территории Мало-Кизильского селища. Топор исследовался методами нейтронной томографии и радиографии, электронной сканирующей микроскопии; публикуются результаты его исследования методом ОЭСА. В результате установлено, что топор отлит из мышьяковистой меди месторождения Таш-Казган; специального воздействия на процесс охлаждения от…
Middle Volga Abashevo Individuals in the Context of Variation of the Facial Skeleton of the Early and Middle Bronze Age Population Based on the Geometric Morphometrics Data
В рамках данного исследования впервые с помощью метода геометрической морфометрии была изучена форма лицевого скелета по трехмерным цифровым моделям черепов у представителей средневолжской абашевской культуры, погребенных в Пепкинском кургане. Сравнительным фоном послужили материалы, полученные при обследовании населения эпохи бронзы Кавказского региона, Южной Сибири, Монголии и Китая. Методом главных компонент выявлено сближение морфологического…
Non-destructive 3D microscopy in the study of patterns of biological adaptation among fossil and recent Homo
We apply non-destructive volumetric technique for evaluation of vascular net density in compact bone. Segmentation of Haversian canals and accurate estimation of their relative volume fraction gives the opportunity to estimate the density and capacity of the vascular system of the bone tissue in a proxy way. Radiological images of dorsal compact of medial and distal phalanges were studied (Neanderthals from Altai and Europe; CroMagnons; recent hu…
Morphological characteristics of the Palaeolithic Ust-Ishim femur
Distal manual phalanges of Upper Pleistocene Homo from Altai caves
The paper comprises a comparative morphological study of the distal manual phalanges of the second to fifth rays of fossil inhabitants of the Altai Mountains. Based on previous study, this region is expected to be a contact zone between Denisovans and Neanderthals
Morphological Patterns of the Early Mediaeval Population of the Eastern Aral Region (Based on the Materials of Altyn-Asar Burial Sites)
Introduction. Morphological studies of ancient peoples are associated with traditions of physical anthropology classifying data of similarity and differences of appearance of humans in the past. The use of standard measurement techniques contributed to the accumulation of a data array that allows drawing conclusions about the origin and environment of paleopopulations even with a small number and preservation of skeletal material. Archaeological …
Rare congenital anomaly among population of the Migration Period (based on excavations in the Eastern Aral region)
This paper aims to introduce into scientific discourse the information on unique pathological features ob-served in the individuals of the Jetyasar archaeological Culture buried in the necropolis of Altyn-Asar 4. In the course of examining the extensive paleoanthropological collection of the human remains (more than 600 individu-als) of the Jetyasar Culture from the excavations of the Kwarism Expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the East…
Ethnographic trepanation in the focus of palaeopathological research
A proximal pedal phalanx of a Paleolithic hominin from denisova cave, Altai
A pedal phalanx of Homo from the Paleolithic stratum 11 at Denisova Cave, Altai, is described. A manual phalanx, from which DNA of a hominin belonging to a hitherto unknown species was extracted, had been found in the same layer. The new specimen has been identifi ed as a left proximal phalanx of the fourth or fi fth pedal digit, apparently that of an adult. The bone is rather elongated and has a very robust and broad diaphysis. While being gener…
The Sunghir 3 Upper Paleolithic Juvenile
The Mid Upper Paleolithic Sunghir 3 late juvenile early modern human, from the most elaborate burial in the Pleistocene, had pathologically foreshortened and anteriorly bowed femora and, based on her dental enamel hypoplasias and transverse lines, sustained severe and persistent systemic stress throughout her decade of life. Her modest femoral and tibial asymmetry and her femoral bicondylar angles indicate non-pathological patterns of posture and…
An Archaic Human Ulna from Chagyrskaya Cave Altai
Excavations at the Chagyrskaya Cave site in Gorny Altai have revealed a Mousteroid industry along with fragmented human remains. This study focuses on a left ulna from stratum 6a. Its size, proportions, symptoms of disease, and indicators of muscular activity, point to Neanderthal affinities. The bone is large, linking the individual with certain Near Eastern Neanderthal males such as Shanidar. Symptoms of what might be diagnosed as Forestier dis…
Distal Phalanx of the Hand of Homo from Denisova Cave Stratum 12
The article describes a distal phalanx of the left (?) hand of Homo, found in Denisova Cave in 2011. In terms of length, width of apical tuft, and relative flattening, it resembles Neanderthal phalanges, differing in a somewhat greater transversal hypertrophy of the shaft. This trait may be regarded as archaic. A computed tomography-based comparison with the respective phalanx of the Sungir Upper Paleolithic male has demonstrated that their lengt…
A New Direct Radiocarbon Ams Date for an Upper Palaeolithic Human Bone From Siberia
A new AMS radiocarbon date has been obtained from a Siberian human bone sample taken directly from a cranial fragment. The specimen comes from the north‐east Siberian site of Pokrovka 2 (55 0 19′46.30′′N, 92 0 26′48.80′′E). The remains consist of the anterior portion of the cranium or the superior part of the face; that is, the forehead and the roof of the eye sockets. Sadly, indifferent features of the frontal bone do not allow a confident diagn…
A Micro Computerized Tomography (X-Ray Microscopy) of the Hand Phalanx of the Denisova Girl
In 2010, the complete mitochondrial genome of a fossil hominin from Denisova Cave, Altai was sequenced on the basis of mtDNA extracted from the hand phalanx of a girl. Modern micro tomographic techniques mark a new stage in the morphological study of extant and fossil hominins, offering opportunities to work with fragmentary material. We have used the nondestructive method of micro computerized tomography for a comparative histological assessment…
On late infancy and adolescence in European Neanderthals
Injuries on human skeletal remains from Sopka-2 and their relevance for social relationships among the Baraba steppe populations
Bioarchaeology of Childhood in the Yamnaya Culture, Based on Kurgan 1 at Boldyrevo-4, the Southern Urals
Archaeological and anthropological data concerning two children’s burials representing the early horizon at Boldyrevo-4 kurgan 1, Orenburg Region, excavated in 2019–2020, are presented. Early mounds were covered by a huge kurgan above another, later burial of adults. The entire complex was built by the Yamnaya people at the turn of the early and middle stages of this culture, about 3300–3100 cal BC. Remains of three children, aged about 6, from t…
Robusticity of Hand Phalanges
Cross-sectional geometry of middle phalanges of hand digits 2–4 in fi ve European and Asian Neanderthals (La Ferrassie 1, Kiik-Koba 1, Okladnikov 2 and 5, and Chagyrskaya 16-3-12) and fi ve Cro-Magnons (Kostenki 14, Telmanovskaya TII 175 and TII 173, Sungir 1, and Abri Pataud 26227) was estimated by means of microtomography. Both Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons reveal a wide range of individual variability in the inner robusticity indices. Both the …
Between Volga and Ural River basins
The focus of our study is the burials of two young men who died in distant lands (Middle Volga region and Southern Urals). Whole genome sequencing revealed a remarkable genetic similarity between the individuals and their potential decent from common ancestors. Men from the excavations of the Pepkino mound (burial No. 8, bronze caster) and buried No. 3 at the settlement of Maloyuldashevo 1 (sacrificed individual) were the owners of haplogroup R1b…
"Lost Child" or Vanguard? Linking Fatyanovo Population with Middle Volga Abashevo Culture using Ancient DNA Sequencing Data
High-throughput sequencing of ancient DNA from Fatyanovo and Abashevo cultures (7 and 3 men, respectively) has led to new hypotheses about their origin and contacts. According to published archaeological evidence, i. e., due to striking similarities between the grave goods discovered in the Middle Volga Abashevo burial complexes and those found in the bell-shaped beaker culture, it is believed that the Fatyanovo people may have descended from the…
Distal manual phalanges of Upper Pleistocene Homo from Altai caves
The paper comprises a comparative morphological study of the distal manual phalanges of the second to fifth rays of fossil inhabitants of the Altai Mountains. Based on previous study, this region is expected to be a contact zone between Denisovans and Neanderthals
Morphological Patterns of the Early Mediaeval Population of the Eastern Aral Region (Based on the Materials of Altyn-Asar Burial Sites)
Introduction. Morphological studies of ancient peoples are associated with traditions of physical anthropology classifying data of similarity and differences of appearance of humans in the past. The use of standard measurement techniques contributed to the accumulation of a data array that allows drawing conclusions about the origin and environment of paleopopulations even with a small number and preservation of skeletal material. Archaeological …
Rare congenital anomaly among population of the Migration Period (based on excavations in the Eastern Aral region)
This paper aims to introduce into scientific discourse the information on unique pathological features ob-served in the individuals of the Jetyasar archaeological Culture buried in the necropolis of Altyn-Asar 4. In the course of examining the extensive paleoanthropological collection of the human remains (more than 600 individu-als) of the Jetyasar Culture from the excavations of the Kwarism Expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the East…
New Findings Relating to the Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Burial Rite1
Two burials of human remains at the Maikop-Novosvobodnaya settlement of Chekon-2 in the Taman Peninsula, northwestern Caucasus, are described. The X-ray fluorescence analysis has revealed traces of cinnabar on the inside of the vault bones of one cranium. The totality of findings suggests that the Chekon-2 burials were sacrificial, and were arranged in a special area within the settlement
Copper people” of the bronze age
After you shall arise another kingdom inferior to you, and yet a third kingdom of bronze, which shall rule over all the earth" Dan. 2: 39 The Metal Age opened up new prospects for mankind and led to the emergence of a new category of professionals – miners, founders, smiths. With relation to the Bronze Age, these may be called "copper people." The article explores new methods that can be used to identify their skeletal remains in museum collectio…
Human Humerus From Khoroshevsky Island
Many valuable items owned by Russian academic museums have not yet received due attention. Among them is a fossil human humerus which for eighty years was believed to have been lost. The authors publish a handwritten document reporting on the discovery of a calotte and a humerus on Khoroshevsky Island, Khvalynsk, Central Russia. The geological context and accompanying faunal material suggest that the human remains date to the Late Acheulean or Ea…
Pathological changes on two female radial bones of the early Iron Age from Southern Siberia
Pathological changes on two female radial bones of the early Iron Age from Southern Siberia
Scalping in Eurasia
In the Middle Ages, the world scalp, schelpe, scallop, and so forth had a different meaning in some European languages (English, German, Scandinavian languages): a cup (including a skull or the shell of a shellfish). It also meant the sheath of a sword.1 Today scalping means the removal of skin with the hair from the head of a dead or living person. The term became widely used in 1657, after the colonization of the North American continent (Dieck…
Injuries on human skeletal remains from Sopka-2 and their relevance for social relationships among the Baraba steppe populations
On late infancy and adolescence in European Neanderthals
Human Humerus From Khoroshevsky Island
Many valuable items owned by Russian academic museums have not yet received due attention. Among them is a fossil human humerus which for eighty years was believed to have been lost. The authors publish a handwritten document reporting on the discovery of a calotte and a humerus on Khoroshevsky Island, Khvalynsk, Central Russia. The geological context and accompanying faunal material suggest that the human remains date to the Late Acheulean or Ea…
A New Direct Radiocarbon Ams Date for an Upper Palaeolithic Human Bone From Siberia
A new AMS radiocarbon date has been obtained from a Siberian human bone sample taken directly from a cranial fragment. The specimen comes from the north‐east Siberian site of Pokrovka 2 (55 0 19′46.30′′N, 92 0 26′48.80′′E). The remains consist of the anterior portion of the cranium or the superior part of the face; that is, the forehead and the roof of the eye sockets. Sadly, indifferent features of the frontal bone do not allow a confident diagn…
A Fossil Human Humerus From Khvalynsk
A fossil humerus from Khoroshevsky Island, Khvalynsk, Saratov Province, previously believed to have been lost eighty years ago, was studied by osteometric, X-ray, tomographic, histological, and paleopathological methods. The results suggest that the fossil represents an adult Neanderthal, apparently male, displaying a peculiar hormonal status which fi nds no direct parallels among known human physiological conditions, either normal or pathologica…
Copper people” of the bronze age
After you shall arise another kingdom inferior to you, and yet a third kingdom of bronze, which shall rule over all the earth" Dan. 2: 39 The Metal Age opened up new prospects for mankind and led to the emergence of a new category of professionals – miners, founders, smiths. With relation to the Bronze Age, these may be called "copper people." The article explores new methods that can be used to identify their skeletal remains in museum collectio…
A proximal pedal phalanx of a Paleolithic hominin from denisova cave, Altai
A pedal phalanx of Homo from the Paleolithic stratum 11 at Denisova Cave, Altai, is described. A manual phalanx, from which DNA of a hominin belonging to a hitherto unknown species was extracted, had been found in the same layer. The new specimen has been identifi ed as a left proximal phalanx of the fourth or fi fth pedal digit, apparently that of an adult. The bone is rather elongated and has a very robust and broad diaphysis. While being gener…
A Micro Computerized Tomography (X-Ray Microscopy) of the Hand Phalanx of the Denisova Girl
In 2010, the complete mitochondrial genome of a fossil hominin from Denisova Cave, Altai was sequenced on the basis of mtDNA extracted from the hand phalanx of a girl. Modern micro tomographic techniques mark a new stage in the morphological study of extant and fossil hominins, offering opportunities to work with fragmentary material. We have used the nondestructive method of micro computerized tomography for a comparative histological assessment…
Distal Phalanx of the Hand of Homo from Denisova Cave Stratum 12
The article describes a distal phalanx of the left (?) hand of Homo, found in Denisova Cave in 2011. In terms of length, width of apical tuft, and relative flattening, it resembles Neanderthal phalanges, differing in a somewhat greater transversal hypertrophy of the shaft. This trait may be regarded as archaic. A computed tomography-based comparison with the respective phalanx of the Sungir Upper Paleolithic male has demonstrated that their lengt…
An Archaic Human Ulna from Chagyrskaya Cave Altai
Excavations at the Chagyrskaya Cave site in Gorny Altai have revealed a Mousteroid industry along with fragmented human remains. This study focuses on a left ulna from stratum 6a. Its size, proportions, symptoms of disease, and indicators of muscular activity, point to Neanderthal affinities. The bone is large, linking the individual with certain Near Eastern Neanderthal males such as Shanidar. Symptoms of what might be diagnosed as Forestier dis…
The People of Sunghir
The Body Sizes and Proportions of the Sunghir People
Considerations of the body proportions and estimates of body mass and stature of the Sunghir people provide a general baseline for the assessment of a variety of aspects of their paleobiology. They also furnish some indications by themselves. Some of these aspects have been mentioned with respect to sexual assessment of the adult remains (especially Sunghir 1 and 4; chapter 6), and methodological considerations have been addressed in part in cha…
Dietary Inferences for the Sunghir Humans
In addition to the functional, anatomical, and paleopathological reflections of the biology and behavior of the Sunghir humans, it has been possible to make indirect inferences regarding their average dietary profiles. These considerations derive from the mineral compositions of bone samples from Sunghir 1 to 4 (Kozlovskaya 2000d), carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data from the bone collagen of Sunghir 1 to 3 (Richards et al. 2001; Dobrovolskay…
The Sunghir Dental and Alveolar Remains
Sunghir 1, 2, and 3 retain most of their maxillary and mandibular teeth, although those of Sunghir 1 are heavily worn and those of Sunghir 2 and especially Sunghir 3 were developing at the times of their deaths. As a result, the two immature individuals provide extensive data on their dental crown discrete morphology and crown metrics, but there are limited data on the third molars of Sunghir 2 and on the premolars and second molars of Sunghir 3 …
The Paleobiology of the Sunghir People
The preceding chapters provide extensive information on the context, mortuary rituals, skeletal and dental morphology and morphometrics, dental wear, functional anatomy, paleopathology, and paleochemistry of the human remains from the northern Russian site of Sunghir. The three associated skeletons from Graves 1 and 2 provide the overwhelming volume of data and inferences on the Pleistocene people of Sunghir. Yet the other elements help to fill o…
The Mortuary Behavior at Sunghir
Considerations of the mortuary behavior at Sunghir concern principally the two elaborate graves, Graves 1 and 2. Although each exhibits patterns evident elsewhere in Mid Upper Paleolithic burials, the combinations of features and the richness of the two graves is truly exceptional. Yet there is additional evidence for mortuary behavior, principally associated with the Sunghir 5 cranium and for the burial above Grave 2 (here designated as Grave 2b…
Comparative Materials and Methods for the Sunghir Human Remains
This volume is concerned with the morphology and paleobiology of the human remains from Sunghir. As such, it is intended to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the occupants of that locale in northern Russia during the Interpleniglacial [marine isotope stage (MIS) 3]. However, the Sunghir human remains take on meaning, and can be properly evaluated, only in the context of a broader sample of Late Pleistocene humans. The paleontologic…
New Findings Relating to the Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Burial Rite1
Two burials of human remains at the Maikop-Novosvobodnaya settlement of Chekon-2 in the Taman Peninsula, northwestern Caucasus, are described. The X-ray fluorescence analysis has revealed traces of cinnabar on the inside of the vault bones of one cranium. The totality of findings suggests that the Chekon-2 burials were sacrificial, and were arranged in a special area within the settlement
The Sunghir 3 Upper Paleolithic Juvenile
The Mid Upper Paleolithic Sunghir 3 late juvenile early modern human, from the most elaborate burial in the Pleistocene, had pathologically foreshortened and anteriorly bowed femora and, based on her dental enamel hypoplasias and transverse lines, sustained severe and persistent systemic stress throughout her decade of life. Her modest femoral and tibial asymmetry and her femoral bicondylar angles indicate non-pathological patterns of posture and…
Robusticity of Hand Phalanges
Cross-sectional geometry of middle phalanges of hand digits 2–4 in fi ve European and Asian Neanderthals (La Ferrassie 1, Kiik-Koba 1, Okladnikov 2 and 5, and Chagyrskaya 16-3-12) and fi ve Cro-Magnons (Kostenki 14, Telmanovskaya TII 175 and TII 173, Sungir 1, and Abri Pataud 26227) was estimated by means of microtomography. Both Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons reveal a wide range of individual variability in the inner robusticity indices. Both the …
Multidisciplinary Studies of Chagyrskaya Cave – A Middle Paleolithic Site in Altai
The monograph discusses key results obtained in a multidisciplinary study of assemblages recovered from Chagyrskaya Cave, a unique Middle Paleolithic site of North Asia. This publication presents archaeological, anthropological, palynological, palaeontological, geological and paleogeographical data, as well as absolute age determinations. Investigations undertaken during 2007–2015 enable reconstruction of the Neanderthal subsistence strategies in…
Ethnographic trepanation in the focus of palaeopathological research
Archaeology (41 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (38 obras) · Geography (38 obras) · Biology (23 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (21 obras) · Population (18 obras) · History (16 obras) · Geology (15 obras) · Medicine (14 obras) · Anatomy (13 obras)