Lawrence H Moulton
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 741247 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Lawrence H Moulton |
| NOMBRES | Lawrence H |
| APELLIDO | Moulton |
| FIRMA | MOULTON L H |
| AFILIACIONES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7041-7387 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1996 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Epidemiology of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and impact on the growth of children in the first two years of life in Lima, Peru
Background Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrheal morbidity and mortality in children, although the data on disease burden, epidemiology, and impact on health at the community level are limited. Methods In a longitudinal birth cohort study of 345 children followed until 24 months of age in Lima, Peru, we measured ETEC burden in diarrheal and non-diarrheal samples using quantitative PCR (LT, STh, and STp toxin genes), studi…
Developing Visual Messages to Support Liquefied Petroleum Gas Use in Intervention Homes in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (Hapin) Trial in Rural Guatemala
BACKGROUND: Household air pollution adversely affects human health and the environment, yet more than 40% of the world still depends on solid cooking fuels. The House Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial is assessing the health effects of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and 18-month supply of free fuel in 3,200 households in rural Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. AIMS: We conducted formative research in …
Effects of improved complementary feeding and improved water, sanitation and hygiene on early child development among HIV-exposed children
Introduction: HIV-exposed uninfected children may be at risk of poor neurodevelopment. We aimed to test the impact of improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) on early child development (ECD) outcomes. Methods: Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy was a cluster randomised 2×2 factorial trial in rural Zimbabwe ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01824940). Pregnant women were eligible if they lived…
Maternal caregiving capabilities are associated with child linear growth in rural Zimbabwe
Between birth and 2 years, children's well-being depends on the quality of care they receive from caregivers, primarily their mothers. We developed a quantitative survey instrument to assess seven psychosocial characteristics of women that determine their caregiving ability ('maternal capabilities': physical health, mental health, decision-making autonomy, social support, mothering self-efficacy, workload and time stress, and gender norm attitude…
Beyond cost
Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on child stunting and anaemia in rural Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: Child stunting reduces survival and impairs neurodevelopment. We tested the independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) on stunting and anaemia in in Zimbabwe. METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised, community-based, 2 × 2 factorial trial in two rural districts in Zimbabwe. Clusters were defined as the catchment area of between one and four villag…
The Wash Benefits and SHINE trials
Child stunting is a global problem and is only modestly responsive to dietary interventions. Numerous observational studies have shown that water quality, sanitation, and handwashing (WASH) in a household are strongly associated with linear growth of children living in the same household. We have completed three randomised efficacy trials testing improved household-level WASH with and without improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) on stun…
Differences in magnitude and rate of change in adult obesity distribution by age and sex in Mexico, Colombia and Peru, 2005–2010
Objective Unequal obesity distributions among adult populations have been reported in low- and middle-income countries, but mainly based on data of women of reproductive age. Moreover, incorporation of ever-changing skewed BMI distributions in analyses has been a challenge. Our study aimed to assess magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by age and sex. Design Shapes of BMI distributions were estimated for 2005 and 2010, and their cha…
The effectiveness of non-pyrethroid insecticide-treated durable wall lining to control malaria in rural Tanzania
NCT02533336 registered on 13 July 2014
Is the Association between Neighborhood Drug Prevalence and Marijuana use Independent of Peer Drug and Alcohol Norms? Results from a Household Survey of Urban Youth
Assessing the impact of integrated community case management (iCCM) programs on child mortality
AIM: To accelerate progress in reducing child mortality, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have adopted and scaled-up integrated community case management (iCCM) programs targeting the three major infectious killers of children under-five. The programs train lay community health workers to assess, classify and treat uncomplicated cases of pneumonia with antibiotics, malaria with antimalarial drugs and diarrhea with Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS)…
Show Us the Data
While perusing the April 2012 issue, I was struck by the occurrence of the same graphical faux pas in at least three of the articles: the representation of the relationship between two variables by graphing a model-derived coefficient instead of the actual data. In the first article,1 both Figure 1 panels contain two straight lines. Each line, however, is really just a depiction of two points: (adjusted?) odds of an outcome for people living in l…
Patterns of Death in the First and Second Generation Immigrants from Selected Middle Eastern Countries in California
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda
The Impact of Safer Breastfeeding Practices on Postnatal HIV-1 Transmission in Zimbabwe
Objectives. We assessed the association between exposure to an educational intervention that emphasized safer breastfeeding practices and postnatal HIV transmission among 437 HIV-positive mothers in Zimbabwe, 365 of whom did not know their infection status. Methods. Mothers were tested for HIV and were encouraged—but not required—to learn their HIV status. Intervention exposure was assessed by a questionnaire, Turnbull methods were used to estima…
Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission and increases HIV-free survival
OBJECTIVES: The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to reduce the postnatal transmission (PNT) of HIV is based on limited data. In the context of a trial of postpartum vitamin A supplementation, we provided education and counseling about infant feeding and HIV, prospectively collected information on infant feeding practices, and measured associated infant infections and deaths. DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 14 110 mother-newborn pairs wer…
Factors Associated With Refusal of Childhood Vaccines Among Parents of School-aged Children
BACKGROUND: The rate of nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements has been increasing, and children with exemptions have contributed to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. OBJECTIVES: To determine why parents claim nonmedical exemptions and to explore differences in perceptions of vaccines and vaccine information sources between parents of exempt and fully vaccinated children. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Colorado, …
Exemptions to School Immunization Requirements
Objectives. Our goal was to determine whether school-level variability in implementation of immunization requirements is associated with the likelihood of a child having received an exemption to school immunization requirements. Methods. We surveyed 1000 school immunization personnel in Colorado, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Washington. We explored associations between school implementation of immunization requirements and the likelihood of a chi…
Enhancing Public Confidence in Vaccines Through Independent Oversight of Postlicensure Vaccine Safety
The National Immunization Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is responsible for controlling infectious diseases through vaccination, but the program also plays a key role in postlicensure vaccine safety assessment. The time has come to separate postlicensure vaccine safety assessment from vaccine risk management as recommended by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Transportation …
Civilian Victims in an Asymmetrical Conflict
Like other wars, recent Western military interventions have entailed loss of civilians in the affected countries. As a result of the 'Revolution in Military Affairs', Martin Shaw makes two claims likely to recur in debates on such wars. The first is that those losses were much smaller than the loss of life as a result of previous misrule and oppression. The second is that during these interventions civilians suffered only accidental 'small massac…
Community level risk factors for numbers of landmine victims in Chad and Thailand
Study objective: To determine commonalities of landmine victim risk factors in two very different countries. Design and setting: Data on 249 communities in Chad and 530 in Thailand were collected during 2000–2001 as part of the Global Landmine Survey. Community level variables were analysed in a series of Poisson mixture models with number of landmine victims as the dependent variable. Models developed for each country were tested on the other to…
Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique
Riley Ann, Khan Nizam, Moulton Lawrence. Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique : une étude au Bangladesh. In: Population, 51e année, n°4-5, 1996. pp. 883-895
Civilian Victims in an Asymmetrical Conflict
Like other wars, recent Western military interventions have entailed loss of civilians in the affected countries. As a result of the 'Revolution in Military Affairs', Martin Shaw makes two claims likely to recur in debates on such wars. The first is that those losses were much smaller than the loss of life as a result of previous misrule and oppression. The second is that during these interventions civilians suffered only accidental 'small massac…
Exemptions to School Immunization Requirements
Objectives. Our goal was to determine whether school-level variability in implementation of immunization requirements is associated with the likelihood of a child having received an exemption to school immunization requirements. Methods. We surveyed 1000 school immunization personnel in Colorado, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Washington. We explored associations between school implementation of immunization requirements and the likelihood of a chi…
Is the Association between Neighborhood Drug Prevalence and Marijuana use Independent of Peer Drug and Alcohol Norms? Results from a Household Survey of Urban Youth
Enhancing Public Confidence in Vaccines Through Independent Oversight of Postlicensure Vaccine Safety
The National Immunization Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is responsible for controlling infectious diseases through vaccination, but the program also plays a key role in postlicensure vaccine safety assessment. The time has come to separate postlicensure vaccine safety assessment from vaccine risk management as recommended by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Transportation …
Community level risk factors for numbers of landmine victims in Chad and Thailand
Study objective: To determine commonalities of landmine victim risk factors in two very different countries. Design and setting: Data on 249 communities in Chad and 530 in Thailand were collected during 2000–2001 as part of the Global Landmine Survey. Community level variables were analysed in a series of Poisson mixture models with number of landmine victims as the dependent variable. Models developed for each country were tested on the other to…
Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique
Riley Ann, Khan Nizam, Moulton Lawrence. Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique : une étude au Bangladesh. In: Population, 51e année, n°4-5, 1996. pp. 883-895
Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique
Riley Ann, Khan Nizam, Moulton Lawrence. Les facteurs prédictifs de l'intervalle protogénésique : une étude au Bangladesh. In: Population, 51e année, n°4-5, 1996. pp. 883-895
Community level risk factors for numbers of landmine victims in Chad and Thailand
Study objective: To determine commonalities of landmine victim risk factors in two very different countries. Design and setting: Data on 249 communities in Chad and 530 in Thailand were collected during 2000–2001 as part of the Global Landmine Survey. Community level variables were analysed in a series of Poisson mixture models with number of landmine victims as the dependent variable. Models developed for each country were tested on the other to…
Enhancing Public Confidence in Vaccines Through Independent Oversight of Postlicensure Vaccine Safety
The National Immunization Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is responsible for controlling infectious diseases through vaccination, but the program also plays a key role in postlicensure vaccine safety assessment. The time has come to separate postlicensure vaccine safety assessment from vaccine risk management as recommended by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Transportation …
Civilian Victims in an Asymmetrical Conflict
Like other wars, recent Western military interventions have entailed loss of civilians in the affected countries. As a result of the 'Revolution in Military Affairs', Martin Shaw makes two claims likely to recur in debates on such wars. The first is that those losses were much smaller than the loss of life as a result of previous misrule and oppression. The second is that during these interventions civilians suffered only accidental 'small massac…
Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission and increases HIV-free survival
OBJECTIVES: The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to reduce the postnatal transmission (PNT) of HIV is based on limited data. In the context of a trial of postpartum vitamin A supplementation, we provided education and counseling about infant feeding and HIV, prospectively collected information on infant feeding practices, and measured associated infant infections and deaths. DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 14 110 mother-newborn pairs wer…
Factors Associated With Refusal of Childhood Vaccines Among Parents of School-aged Children
BACKGROUND: The rate of nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements has been increasing, and children with exemptions have contributed to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. OBJECTIVES: To determine why parents claim nonmedical exemptions and to explore differences in perceptions of vaccines and vaccine information sources between parents of exempt and fully vaccinated children. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Colorado, …
Exemptions to School Immunization Requirements
Objectives. Our goal was to determine whether school-level variability in implementation of immunization requirements is associated with the likelihood of a child having received an exemption to school immunization requirements. Methods. We surveyed 1000 school immunization personnel in Colorado, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Washington. We explored associations between school implementation of immunization requirements and the likelihood of a chi…
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda
The Impact of Safer Breastfeeding Practices on Postnatal HIV-1 Transmission in Zimbabwe
Objectives. We assessed the association between exposure to an educational intervention that emphasized safer breastfeeding practices and postnatal HIV transmission among 437 HIV-positive mothers in Zimbabwe, 365 of whom did not know their infection status. Methods. Mothers were tested for HIV and were encouraged—but not required—to learn their HIV status. Intervention exposure was assessed by a questionnaire, Turnbull methods were used to estima…
Patterns of Death in the First and Second Generation Immigrants from Selected Middle Eastern Countries in California
Show Us the Data
While perusing the April 2012 issue, I was struck by the occurrence of the same graphical faux pas in at least three of the articles: the representation of the relationship between two variables by graphing a model-derived coefficient instead of the actual data. In the first article,1 both Figure 1 panels contain two straight lines. Each line, however, is really just a depiction of two points: (adjusted?) odds of an outcome for people living in l…
Assessing the impact of integrated community case management (iCCM) programs on child mortality
AIM: To accelerate progress in reducing child mortality, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have adopted and scaled-up integrated community case management (iCCM) programs targeting the three major infectious killers of children under-five. The programs train lay community health workers to assess, classify and treat uncomplicated cases of pneumonia with antibiotics, malaria with antimalarial drugs and diarrhea with Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS)…
Is the Association between Neighborhood Drug Prevalence and Marijuana use Independent of Peer Drug and Alcohol Norms? Results from a Household Survey of Urban Youth
The effectiveness of non-pyrethroid insecticide-treated durable wall lining to control malaria in rural Tanzania
NCT02533336 registered on 13 July 2014
Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on child stunting and anaemia in rural Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: Child stunting reduces survival and impairs neurodevelopment. We tested the independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) on stunting and anaemia in in Zimbabwe. METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised, community-based, 2 × 2 factorial trial in two rural districts in Zimbabwe. Clusters were defined as the catchment area of between one and four villag…
The Wash Benefits and SHINE trials
Child stunting is a global problem and is only modestly responsive to dietary interventions. Numerous observational studies have shown that water quality, sanitation, and handwashing (WASH) in a household are strongly associated with linear growth of children living in the same household. We have completed three randomised efficacy trials testing improved household-level WASH with and without improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) on stun…
Differences in magnitude and rate of change in adult obesity distribution by age and sex in Mexico, Colombia and Peru, 2005–2010
Objective Unequal obesity distributions among adult populations have been reported in low- and middle-income countries, but mainly based on data of women of reproductive age. Moreover, incorporation of ever-changing skewed BMI distributions in analyses has been a challenge. Our study aimed to assess magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by age and sex. Design Shapes of BMI distributions were estimated for 2005 and 2010, and their cha…
Effects of improved complementary feeding and improved water, sanitation and hygiene on early child development among HIV-exposed children
Introduction: HIV-exposed uninfected children may be at risk of poor neurodevelopment. We aimed to test the impact of improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) on early child development (ECD) outcomes. Methods: Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy was a cluster randomised 2×2 factorial trial in rural Zimbabwe ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01824940). Pregnant women were eligible if they lived…
Maternal caregiving capabilities are associated with child linear growth in rural Zimbabwe
Between birth and 2 years, children's well-being depends on the quality of care they receive from caregivers, primarily their mothers. We developed a quantitative survey instrument to assess seven psychosocial characteristics of women that determine their caregiving ability ('maternal capabilities': physical health, mental health, decision-making autonomy, social support, mothering self-efficacy, workload and time stress, and gender norm attitude…
Beyond cost
Developing Visual Messages to Support Liquefied Petroleum Gas Use in Intervention Homes in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (Hapin) Trial in Rural Guatemala
BACKGROUND: Household air pollution adversely affects human health and the environment, yet more than 40% of the world still depends on solid cooking fuels. The House Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial is assessing the health effects of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and 18-month supply of free fuel in 3,200 households in rural Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. AIMS: We conducted formative research in …
Epidemiology of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and impact on the growth of children in the first two years of life in Lima, Peru
Background Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrheal morbidity and mortality in children, although the data on disease burden, epidemiology, and impact on health at the community level are limited. Methods In a longitudinal birth cohort study of 345 children followed until 24 months of age in Lima, Peru, we measured ETEC burden in diarrheal and non-diarrheal samples using quantitative PCR (LT, STh, and STp toxin genes), studi…
Medicine (20 obras) · Environmental health (16 obras) · Demography (7 obras) · Population (7 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (6 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras) · Nursing (6 obras) · Immunology (5 obras) · Psychological intervention (5 obras)