Alex F Roche
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 74836 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Alex F Roche |
| NOMBRES | Alex F |
| APELLIDO | Roche |
| FIRMA | ROCHE A F |
| AFILIACIONES | Wright State University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 53 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 47 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 53 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1971 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2005 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Heritability of age at menarche in girls from the Fels Longitudinal Study
Menarche is the hallmark maturational event of female childhood. Many studies indicated a significant genetic contribution to the timing of the onset of menstruation, but most of these studies were limited by the use of retrospective data and by the use of data from only certain types of relatives (i.e., mothers and daughters, sisters, or twin sisters). The primary goal of this study was to use a modern maximum likelihood quantitative genetic met…
Age at Menarche and Racial Comparisons in US Girls
Background. Concern regarding change in the onset of sexual maturation of US girls has increased the need for current information on age at menarche from a national sample. Previous reports have been sparse and interpretation has been limited because of the racial composition and ages of the samples. Objective. The objectives of this study were to estimate the distribution of age at menarche for all US girls and for non-Hispanic white, black, and…
In memoriam
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 Growth Charts for the United States
Objective. To present a clinical version of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts and to compare them with the previous version, the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) growth charts. Methods. The 2000 CDC percentile curves were developed in 2 stages. In the first stage, the empirical percentiles were smoothed by a variety of parametric and nonparametric procedures. To obtain corresponding percentil…
Predicting overweight and obesity in adulthood from body mass index values in childhood and adolescence
In memoriam
In memoriam
Statistical effects of varying sample sizes on the precision of percentile estimates
The present study evaluates the precision of outlying percentile estimates, with age- and sex-associated variations and facilitates decisions needed to revise the current NCHS 1977 Growth Charts with regard to 1) the inclusion of 3rd and 97th percentiles and 2) the selection of survey data for the construction of the revised growth charts. Simulation was performed to obtain data with distribution characteristics similar to those of The Third Nati…
Statistical effects of varying sample sizes on the precision of percentile estimates
The present study evaluates the precision of outlying percentile estimates, with age- and sex-associated variations and facilitates decisions needed to revise the current NCHS 1977 Growth Charts with regard to 1) the inclusion of 3(rd) and 97(th) percentiles and 2) the selection of survey data for the construction of the revised growth charts. Simulation was performed to obtain data with distribution characteristics similar to those of The Third …
Weight, stature, and body mass index data for Mexican Americans from the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III, 1988–1994)
Selected age- and sex-specific percentiles are presented for 4,054 Mexican American children ages 1–18 years who were included in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–1994). These percentile values are compared with corresponding percentiles for Mexican Americans from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES, 1982–1984). In each sex, the weight and weight/stature2 percentiles from NHANES…
Weight, stature, and body mass index data for Mexican Americans from the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994)
Selected age- and sex-specific percentiles are presented for 4,054 Mexican American children ages 1-18 years who were included in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). These percentile values are compared with corresponding percentiles for Mexican Americans from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES, 1982-1984). In each sex, the weight and weight/stature(2) percentiles from NHAN…
Serial changes in blood pressure from childhood into young adulthood for females in relation to body mass index and maturational age
This study determines: (1) patterns of change from childhood to young adulthood in body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), (2) effects of elevated BMI values on changes in blood pressures (BP), (3) extent of tracking for SBP, DBP, and BMI, and (4) prediction of future risk for elevated BP from earlier values. Annual serial BP and BMI data were available for 198 white females, ages 8–22 years, enro…
Decanalization of weight and stature during childhood and adolescence
The probabilities that children and adolescents alter their positions to non-adjacent canals (decanalization) on the current NCHS growth charts have been estimated. In this context, canals are the zones between the major percentile levels (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th) that are shown on the charts. These probabilities were calculated for one- and 2-year intervals, beginning at each annual age from 3-16 years, using serial data for …
Serial changes in blood pressure from childhood into young adulthood for females in relation to body mass index and maturational age
This study determines: (1) patterns of change from childhood to young adulthood in body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), (2) effects of elevated BMI values on changes in blood pressures (BP), (3) extent of tracking for SBP, DBP, and BMI, and (4) prediction of future risk for elevated BP from earlier values. Annual serial BP and BMI data were available for 198 white females, ages 8-22 years, enro…
Longitudinal assessment of hormonal and physical alterations during normal puberty in boys. IV
The decanalization of weight, recumbent length, and head circumference during infancy
This study has estimated the extent to which 659 infants in the Fels Longitudinal Study maintained their positions in canals on the current NCHS growth charts during 6- and 12-month intervals. These canals are the zones between adjacent major percentile lines (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th) on the growth charts. The probabilities of increases or decreases in level by two or more canals were calculated. Additionally, the probabilitie…
The decanalization of weight, recumbent length, and head circumference during infancy
This study has estimated the extent to which 659 infants in the Fels Longitudinal Study maintained their positions in canals on the current NCHS growth charts during 6- and 12-month intervals. These canals are the zones between adjacent major percentile lines (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th) on the growth charts. The probabilities of increases or decreases in level by two or more canals were calculated. Additionally, the probabilitie…
Longitudinal assessment of hormonal and physical alterations during normal puberty in boys. IV
To determine how accurately the Roche-Wainer-Thissen (RWT), Tanner-Whitehouse (TW2), and Bayley-Pinneau (BP) prediction models estimated adult height, serial height predictions were made for 23 healthy boys (mean initial age 10.4 ± 1.1 years) every 8 months from 8-15 years of age. The RWT model was tested using Greulich-Pyle (RWT-GP) and Fels (RWT-Fels) bone ages. Stature was measured every 4 months until near final height was attained (growth ra…
Relationship of skeletal age to limb composition during pubescence
The relationships between skeletal age (SA) and limb composition (arms, legs, and all four limbs) in terms of fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM) and bone mineral content (BMC) were investigated in 55 males and 53 females aged 9-15 years. The Fels method was used to assess hand-wrist SAs which were expressed as SA/chronological age (SA/CA). The limb composition data were obtained from a Lunar dual-energy x-ray absorptiometer usin…
Reference data for arm muscle and arm adipose tissue areas in Mexican Americans from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination survey (HHANES 1982–1984)
Data for arm muscle area (AMA) and arm adipose tissue area (AATA) from 3695 Mexican American children 6 months to 18 years of age included in HHANES (1982-1984) were used to obtain age-and gender-specific means and selected percentiles. These statistics were compared with those for non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black children from NHANES II (1976-1980). In comparison with non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black children, the Mexican Ameri…
Relationship of skeletal age to limb composition during pubescence
The relationships between skeletal age (SA) and limb composition (arms, legs, and all four limbs) in terms of fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM) and bone mineral content (BMC) were investigated in 55 males and 53 females aged 9–15 years. The Fels method was used to assess hand-wrist SAs which were expressed as SA/chronological age (SA/CA). The limb composition data were obtained from a Lunar dual-energy x-ray absorptiometer usin…
Head circumference for Mexican American infants and young children from the Hispanic health and nutrition examination survey (HHANES 1982–1984)
This study presents descriptive statistics for head circumference in Mexican American children 6 months to 7 years of age using data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES, 1982–1984) and compares these statistics with national estimates of head circumference for non‐Hispanic White children and non‐Hispanic Black children from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II, 1976–1980). Head circu…
Sarcopenia
A summary of the work performed by Stanley Garn relating to muscle mass while he worked at the Fels Research Institute is followed by a critical review of the measurement of sarcopenia, which is a deficiency of muscle mass, and its implications for health. The only satisfactory data for total muscle mass come from one cadaver study of a small selected sample. Analyses in relation to health (mortality rates) are limited to indices of muscle mass o…
Growth, Maturation and Body Composition
Family resemblance for Preece‐Baines growth curve parameters in the fels longitudinal growth study
The Preece‐Baines Model 1 (PB1) nonlinear regression equation was fit to serial stature measurements from 456 participants in the Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. The resulting model parameters and derived biological parameters, such as age, stature, and velocity at take‐off (TO) and peak velocity (PV) are analyzed for family resemblance in 228 nuclear families through estimation of familial correlations and path coefficients. Significant family r…
Heritability of age at menarche in girls from the Fels Longitudinal Study
Menarche is the hallmark maturational event of female childhood. Many studies indicated a significant genetic contribution to the timing of the onset of menstruation, but most of these studies were limited by the use of retrospective data and by the use of data from only certain types of relatives (i.e., mothers and daughters, sisters, or twin sisters). The primary goal of this study was to use a modern maximum likelihood quantitative genetic met…
Reported versus measured adult statures
Reported and measured statures were obtained for 100 husband‐wife pairs. In addition, wives were asked to specify whether their husbands were tall, medium, or short. Correlations between reported and measured statures are high (0.84–0.97) and wives tend to overestimate their own measured stature by about 1 cm, and that of their husbands by about 1.3 cm. Wives correctly classify their husbands as tall, medium, or short in about 70% of the cases, u…
Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in elderly men and women
Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue were taken in a sample of elderly men and women, 65 to 99 years of age with an A‐mode Ithaco Body Composition Meter and a Holtain skinfold caliper. For most of the measurements, standard deviations for the ultrasonic measurements were three or more times larger than corresponding caliper measurements. Also, mean absolute interobserver errors for the ultrasonic measurements we…
Longitudinal trends in subcutaneous fat thickness during adolescence
Longitudinal principal components (LPC) analysis is used to summarize adolescent trends in subcutaneous fat thickness at three sites (biceps, suprailiac, and abdominal). For each site, component 1 (C1) represents fatness level, and component 2 (C2) represents an increase followed by a decrease (fat wave) in fatness. Components 3–5 (retained for girls only) represent more complicated patterns of change (multiple increases and decreases). Correlati…
Differences between the hand–wrist and the knee in assigned skeletal ages
Skeletal ages were assessed for 4,902 pairs of hand–wrist and knee radiographs of children aged 2–17 years. The FELS method was used to assess the hand–wrist, and the RWT method was used to asses the knee. These methods have the same conceptual and statistical basis. The mean absolute differences, within age‐ and sex‐specific groups, ranged from 0.34 to 0.87 years. The SD of the differences ranged from 0.31 to 0.68 years and, like the means, tend…
Growth, Maturation and Body Composition
A comparison of methods for measuring cortical bone thickness
Repeated measures of periosteal and endosteal widths of the left second metacarpal from two samples of radiographs were made independently with either a dial caliper or an electronic digitizer connected to a microcomputer. In addition, periosteal and endosteal bone widths of a common sample of radiographs were measured with dial calipers and the electronic digitizer. Dial calipers and an electronic digitizer are both very reliable, but intraobser…
A factor analysis of cranial base and vault dimensions in children
Lengths within the cranial base and vault were measured in cephalometric radiographs of 220 boys and 177 girls ranging in age from 0 to 15 years; all these children are participants in The Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. The present study is based on mixed longitudinal data derived from 1640 radiographs for boys and 1260 radiographs for girls. Factor analysis was applied separately for boys and girls for each age group; i.e., 0–3, 4–6, 7–9, 10–12…
The first seriatim study of human growth and middle aging
The serial record of growth and recumbent length and stature for one individual during nearly 50 years is presented, together with increments derived from these data
The measurement of skeletal maturity
A new approach to the measurement of skeletal maturity has been described. This was applied to the distal end of the femur in boys aged one month to four years. It is planned to extend this study to girls and to other ages and sites and to other bones in the knee area. The study began with the testing of reported indicators of skeletal maturity in respect of replicability, validity, discrimination and universality. As a result, seven qualitative …
The measurement of skeletal maturity
A new approach to the measurement of skeletal maturity has been described. This was applied to the distal end of the femur in boys aged one month to four years. It is planned to extend this study to girls and to other ages and sites and to other bones in the knee area. The study began with the testing of reported indicators of skeletal maturity in respect of replicability, validity, discrimination and universality. As a result, seven qualitative …
Individual growth in stature
Patterns of growth in stature of subjects from the four major U.S. longitudinal growth studies are compared by means of a two-component model for individual growth. Problems inherent in the comparison of data from independent growth studies, such as those arising from different methods of sampling subjects and scheduling measurements and the occurrence of atypical subjects, are considered and solutions are offered. Statistical tests of the indivi…
VI. Growth, Development, and Physique
Absence of triradius d in a three‐generation pedigree and other variations of main‐line D
An example is reported of a rare dermatoglyphic variant (absence of triradius d) in a woman of mixed European and Cherokee American Indian ancestry. This variant was not present in her parents, her five siblings, four nephews or one niece. Attention is drawn to the continuum from an absent triradius d to a triradius with an abbreviated main‐line associated with either an open field in interdigital area IV, or a loop in interdigital area IV or a t…
The first seriatim study of human growth and middle aging
The serial record of growth and recumbent length and stature for one individual during nearly 50 years is presented, together with increments derived from these data
A factor analysis of cranial base and vault dimensions in children
Lengths within the cranial base and vault were measured in cephalometric radiographs of 220 boys and 177 girls ranging in age from 0 to 15 years; all these children are participants in The Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. The present study is based on mixed longitudinal data derived from 1640 radiographs for boys and 1260 radiographs for girls. Factor analysis was applied separately for boys and girls for each age group; i.e., 0–3, 4–6, 7–9, 10–12…
Reported versus measured adult statures
Reported and measured statures were obtained for 100 husband‐wife pairs. In addition, wives were asked to specify whether their husbands were tall, medium, or short. Correlations between reported and measured statures are high (0.84–0.97) and wives tend to overestimate their own measured stature by about 1 cm, and that of their husbands by about 1.3 cm. Wives correctly classify their husbands as tall, medium, or short in about 70% of the cases, u…
Familial correlations for serial measurements of recumbent length and stature
Familial correlation coefficients were calculated for recumbent length or stature measured serially on participants in the Fels Longitudinal Growth Study and for short-term serial or cross-sectional measurements on relatives of participants. Pairs of relatives are compared at the same chronological ages from 1 to 18 years in 1-year increments and again in adulthood. First-degree relatives are more similar than second- or third-degree relatives at…
Longitudinal trends in subcutaneous fat thickness during adolescence
Longitudinal principal components (LPC) analysis is used to summarize adolescent trends in subcutaneous fat thickness at three sites (biceps, suprailiac, and abdominal). For each site, component 1 (C1) represents fatness level, and component 2 (C2) represents an increase followed by a decrease (fat wave) in fatness. Components 3–5 (retained for girls only) represent more complicated patterns of change (multiple increases and decreases). Correlati…
A comparison of methods for measuring cortical bone thickness
Repeated measures of periosteal and endosteal widths of the left second metacarpal from two samples of radiographs were made independently with either a dial caliper or an electronic digitizer connected to a microcomputer. In addition, periosteal and endosteal bone widths of a common sample of radiographs were measured with dial calipers and the electronic digitizer. Dial calipers and an electronic digitizer are both very reliable, but intraobser…
Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in elderly men and women
Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue were taken in a sample of elderly men and women, 65 to 99 years of age with an A‐mode Ithaco Body Composition Meter and a Holtain skinfold caliper. For most of the measurements, standard deviations for the ultrasonic measurements were three or more times larger than corresponding caliper measurements. Also, mean absolute interobserver errors for the ultrasonic measurements we…
William Walter Greulich, 1899–1986
Age trends in transmissible and non-transmissible components of family resemblance for stature
Yearly measurements of recumbent length and stature on participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study of Growth and their first-degree relatives were submitted to path analysis. Using a model consistent with simple polygenic inheritance, two parameters were estimated at each age: t2 or transmissibility, and s, or non-transmissible sibling resemblance. Transmissibility showed no long-term age trends, whereas non-transmissible sibling resemblance decl…
Association of adipose tissue distribution with relative skeletal age in boys
The association between relative skeletal age and fat patterning was analyzed by using data from the Fels Longitudinal Study for boys at chronological ages 8 to 17 years. Fat patterning, as indicated by age‐specific means for three skinfold thickness indices adjusted for weight/stature 2 , was peripheral between 8 and 12 years of chronological age but began to increase in a centripetal direction towards a generalized distribution after 13 years. …
Maturity and its relationship to plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in adolescents
During adolescence, changes in lipid and lipoprotein levels have been reported to be associated with changes in body composition and changes in endogenous testosterone and estradiol. These hormone levels are directly correlated with sexual and skeletal maturity levels. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there are associations during pubescence and adolescence, independent of chronological age, between measures of maturity and bo…
Relative utility of carpal skeletal ages
The need to assess the carpal bones when a skeletal age is being obtained for a handwrist radiograph has been determined. The mixed longitudinal data that were analyzed had been obtained from 335 boys and 322 girls at 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, and 16 years of age. The FELS assessment method, which was used to obtain the skeletal ages, provides the standard error of each assessment; each of these standard errors is determined by the amount of relevant info…
X‐linked pattern of inheritance for serial measures of weight/stature 2
The pattern of family resemblance for long‐term serial measures of weight/stature 2 (W/S 2 ) in approximately 500 individuals from the Fels Longitudinal Growth Study suggests that X‐linked genes may be contributing to the variability in this trait among children, particularly during the prepubertal age range of 2–9 years. In this data set, W/S 2 was measured serially at the same ages in all family members. Thus, a parent‐child correlation at a sp…
Monthy growth increments from a longitudinal study of Canadian infants
Reference data for 1 month increments in weight, recumbent length, and head circumference, at ages 1 to 12 months, have been derived from serial data for 351 full‐term Canadian infants. This derivation was achieved by (1) fitting a family of three parameter mathematical models to the data for each infant, (2) using these models to estimate values 1 month apart (3) calculating 1 month increments from the status values of 1 month intervals, (4) obt…
The Fels method of assessing the skeletal maturity of the hand‐wrist
The FELS method of assessing the skeletal maturity of the hand‐wrist differs from the Greulich‐Pyle and Tanner‐Whitehouse methods in the observations made, the provision of a range of shapes to which maturity indicator grades can be assigned and in the statistical methods used to construct the scale of skeletal maturity. The FELS method for the hand‐wrist was developed using 13,823 serial radiographs of the left hand‐wrist of boys and girls in th…
Sibling correlations for skeletal age assessments by the Fels method
Sibling correlations are reported for Fels skeletal ages from 2,622 mixed longitudinal hand‐wrist radiographs of 285 boys and 276 girls. Because the observed correlations were irregular across age, they were smoothed by using kernel regression. The brother‐sister correlations were generally lower than those for the other types of silbling pairs, but they were similar to the brother‐brother correlations after 11 years. The sister‐sister correlatio…
Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in association with indices of adiposity and adipose tissue distribution in adults
The hypothesis, that clustering of elevated levels of blood pressures, plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterols, and serum glucose in men and women was associated with indices of adiposity and adipose tissue distributione was tested while controlling for family membership, age, level of education, income, and smoking as well as menopause (surgical and natural )and the use of oral contraceptives and replacement estrogens in women. The study popu…
Differences between the hand–wrist and the knee in assigned skeletal ages
Skeletal ages were assessed for 4,902 pairs of hand–wrist and knee radiographs of children aged 2–17 years. The FELS method was used to assess the hand–wrist, and the RWT method was used to asses the knee. These methods have the same conceptual and statistical basis. The mean absolute differences, within age‐ and sex‐specific groups, ranged from 0.34 to 0.87 years. The SD of the differences ranged from 0.31 to 0.68 years and, like the means, tend…
Family resemblance for patterns of growth in early childhood
Parameters of the Jenss curve representing linear and non‐linear components of growth in early childhood were fitted to longitudinal recumbent length and weight measurements from participants in the Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. Nuclear family correlations were estimated for each of four Jenss parameters (a linear intercept and slope and a non‐linear intercept and degree of curve) for length and for weight. The TAU path model was fit to the cor…
Model fitting to early childhood length and weight data from the fels longitudinal study of growth
Length and weight data from 3 months to 6 years of age from 466 participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study of Growth were used to fit the Jenss non‐linear growth curve. Six (1%) of the Fels participants had extremely outlying values for length parameters, and 20 (4%) had outlying values for weight parameters. The general pattern in the outliers is for average or below average size in infancy, followed by unusually rapid growth or weight gain in …
Growth, Maturation, and Body Composition
Growth, Maturation and Body Composition documents one of the most remarkable and significant studies in the field of human biology. The Fels Longitudinal Study is the longest, largest and most productive serial study of human growth, maturation and body composition. This book shows how data collected from more than 1000 participants during the past 60 years have been analysed to test a wide range of hypotheses, and describes how the findings have…
Medicine (34 obras) · Demography (31 obras) · Mathematics (24 obras) · Statistics (22 obras) · Birth, Development, and Health (15 obras) · Hum (15 obras) · Biology (14 obras) · Computer Science (13 obras) · Percentile (13 obras) · Psychology (13 obras)