Chet C Sherwood
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 75356 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Chet C Sherwood |
| NOMBRES | Chet C |
| APELLIDO | Sherwood |
| FIRMA | SHERWOOD C C |
| AFILIACIONES | George Washington University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6711-449X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 20 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 35 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 20 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2004 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
The effects of early life rearing experiences and age on sociality in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis)
Insights From Language-Trained Apes
Language is central to the cognitive and sociocultural traits that distinguish humans, yet the evolutionary emergence of this capacity is far from fully understood. This review explores how the study of the brains of language-trained apes (LTAs) offers a unique and valuable opportunity to tease apart the relative contribution of evolved species differences, behavior, and environment in the emergence of complex communication abilities. For example…
Age‐ and cognition‐related differences in the gray matter volume of the chimpanzee brain ( Pan troglodytes )
Several primate species have been shown to exhibit age‐related changes in cognition, brain, and behavior. However, severe neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), were once thought to be uniquely human. Recently, some chimpanzees naturally were documented to develop both neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, the main characteristics of AD pathology. In addition, like humans and other primates, chimpanzees show similar…
Comparative neuropathology in aging primates
While humans exhibit a significant degree of neuropathological changes associated with deficits in cognitive and memory functions during aging, non‐human primates (NHP) present with more variable expressions of pathological alterations among individuals and species. As such, NHP with long life expectancy in captivity offer an opportunity to study brain senescence in the absence of the typical cellular pathology caused by age‐related neurodegenera…
Age‐related changes in chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) cognition
Chimpanzees are the species most closely related to humans, yet age‐related changes in brain and cognition remain poorly understood. The lack of studies on age‐related changes in cognition in chimpanzees is particularly unfortunate in light of the recent evidence demonstrating that this species naturally develops Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. Here, we tested 213 young, middle‐aged, and elderly captive chimpanzees on the primate cogniti…
Human Brain Evolution
Brain Plasticity and Human Evolution
Human behavior is shaped by social learning to an extent that is unrivaled in the natural world. What neurobiological changes have occurred in human evolutionary history that have enabled this remarkable cultural capacity? Human brain anatomy and function have evolved to be highly responsive to experience from the environment, especially the milieu of social interactions. Numerous aspects of human brain development show evidence of specialization…
Brain organization of gorillas reflects species differences in ecology
Gorillas include separate eastern ( Gorilla beringei ) and western ( Gorilla gorilla ) African species that diverged from each other approximately 2 million years ago. Although anatomical, genetic, behavioral, and socioecological differences have been noted among gorilla populations, little is known about variation in their brain structure. This study examines neuroanatomical variation between gorilla species using structural neuroimaging. Postmo…
Metabolic costs and evolutionary implications of human brain development
Significance The metabolic costs of brain development are thought to explain the evolution of humans’ exceptionally slow and protracted childhood growth; however, the costs of the human brain during development are unknown. We used existing PET and MRI data to calculate brain glucose use from birth to adulthood. We find that the brain’s metabolic requirements peak in childhood, when it uses glucose at a rate equivalent to 66% of the body’s restin…
Characterization of human cortical gene expression in relation to glucose utilization
OBJECTIVES: Human brain development follows a unique pattern characterized by a prolonged period of postnatal growth and reorganization, and a postnatal peak in glucose utilization. The molecular processes underlying these developmental changes are poorly characterized. The objectives of this study were to determine developmental trajectories of gene expression and to examine the evolutionary history of genes differentially expressed as a functio…
Neuropeptide Y ‐immunoreactive Neurons in the Cerebral Cortex of Humans and Other Haplorrhine Primates
We examined the distribution of neurons immunoreactive for neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) in the posterior part of the superior temporal cortex ( B rodmann's area 22 or area T pt) of humans and nonhuman haplorrhine primates. NPY has been implicated in learning and memory and the density of NPY ‐expressing cortical neurons and axons is reduced in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and A lzheimer's disease. Due to the role that NPY plays in both …
Early Brain Growth Cessation in Wild Virunga Mountain Gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei )
Understanding the life history correlates of ontogenetic differences in hominoid brain growth requires information from multiple species. At present, however, data on how brain size changes over the course of development are only available from chimpanzees and modern humans. In this study, we examined brain growth in wild Virunga mountain gorillas using data derived from necropsy reports ( N = 34) and endocranial volume (EV) measurements ( N = 86…
A volumetric comparison of the insular cortex and its subregions in primates
Biochemical specificity of von economo neurons in hominoids
Objectives: Von Economo neurons (VENs) are defined by their thin, elongated cell body and long dendrites projecting from apical and basal ends. These distinctive neurons are mostly present in anterior cingulate (ACC) and fronto‐insular (FI) cortex, with particularly high densities in cetaceans, elephants, and hominoid primates (i.e., humans and apes). This distribution suggests that VENs contribute to specializations of neural circuits in species…
Why do capuchin monkeys urine wash? An experimental test of the sexual communication hypothesis using fMRI
Urine washing (UW) consists of depositing urine on the hands and vigorously rubbing the body. As urine contains chemical and pheromonal cues, UW may convey socially relevant information. Although ritualized UW is observed in many New World primates, including capuchin monkeys, the functional significance of UW remains unclear. In this experiment, we investigated the social signaling hypothesis of UW. Specifically, we hypothesized that UW by males…
Hominoid visual brain structure volumes and the position of the lunate sulcus
Ectocranial suture closure in Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla
The order in which ectocranial sutures undergo fusion displays species‐specific variation among primates. However, the precise relationship between suture closure and phylogenetic affinities is poorly understood. In this study, we used Guttman Scaling to determine if the modal progression of suture closure differs among Homo sapiens , Pan troglodytes , and Gorilla gorilla . Because DNA sequence homologies strongly suggest that P. troglodytes and …
Of muscle-bound crania and human brain evolution
Evolution of the brainstem orofacial motor system in primates
Brain structure variation in great apes, with attention to the mountain gorilla ( Gorilla beringei beringei )
This report presents data regarding the brain structure of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) in comparison with other great apes. Magnetic resonance (MR) images of three mountain gorilla brains were obtained with a 3T scanner, and the volume of major neuroanatomical structures (neocortical gray matter, hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum) was measured. These data were included with our existing database that includes 23 …
Brain Plasticity and Human Evolution
Human behavior is shaped by social learning to an extent that is unrivaled in the natural world. What neurobiological changes have occurred in human evolutionary history that have enabled this remarkable cultural capacity? Human brain anatomy and function have evolved to be highly responsive to experience from the environment, especially the milieu of social interactions. Numerous aspects of human brain development show evidence of specialization…
Hominoid visual brain structure volumes and the position of the lunate sulcus
Evolution of the brainstem orofacial motor system in primates
A volumetric comparison of the insular cortex and its subregions in primates
Brain organization of gorillas reflects species differences in ecology
Gorillas include separate eastern ( Gorilla beringei ) and western ( Gorilla gorilla ) African species that diverged from each other approximately 2 million years ago. Although anatomical, genetic, behavioral, and socioecological differences have been noted among gorilla populations, little is known about variation in their brain structure. This study examines neuroanatomical variation between gorilla species using structural neuroimaging. Postmo…
Ectocranial suture closure in Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla
The order in which ectocranial sutures undergo fusion displays species‐specific variation among primates. However, the precise relationship between suture closure and phylogenetic affinities is poorly understood. In this study, we used Guttman Scaling to determine if the modal progression of suture closure differs among Homo sapiens , Pan troglodytes , and Gorilla gorilla . Because DNA sequence homologies strongly suggest that P. troglodytes and …
Insights From Language-Trained Apes
Language is central to the cognitive and sociocultural traits that distinguish humans, yet the evolutionary emergence of this capacity is far from fully understood. This review explores how the study of the brains of language-trained apes (LTAs) offers a unique and valuable opportunity to tease apart the relative contribution of evolved species differences, behavior, and environment in the emergence of complex communication abilities. For example…
Of muscle-bound crania and human brain evolution
Brain structure variation in great apes, with attention to the mountain gorilla ( Gorilla beringei beringei )
This report presents data regarding the brain structure of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) in comparison with other great apes. Magnetic resonance (MR) images of three mountain gorilla brains were obtained with a 3T scanner, and the volume of major neuroanatomical structures (neocortical gray matter, hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum) was measured. These data were included with our existing database that includes 23 …
Evolution of the brainstem orofacial motor system in primates
Of muscle-bound crania and human brain evolution
Ectocranial suture closure in Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla
The order in which ectocranial sutures undergo fusion displays species‐specific variation among primates. However, the precise relationship between suture closure and phylogenetic affinities is poorly understood. In this study, we used Guttman Scaling to determine if the modal progression of suture closure differs among Homo sapiens , Pan troglodytes , and Gorilla gorilla . Because DNA sequence homologies strongly suggest that P. troglodytes and …
Hominoid visual brain structure volumes and the position of the lunate sulcus
Biochemical specificity of von economo neurons in hominoids
Objectives: Von Economo neurons (VENs) are defined by their thin, elongated cell body and long dendrites projecting from apical and basal ends. These distinctive neurons are mostly present in anterior cingulate (ACC) and fronto‐insular (FI) cortex, with particularly high densities in cetaceans, elephants, and hominoid primates (i.e., humans and apes). This distribution suggests that VENs contribute to specializations of neural circuits in species…
Why do capuchin monkeys urine wash? An experimental test of the sexual communication hypothesis using fMRI
Urine washing (UW) consists of depositing urine on the hands and vigorously rubbing the body. As urine contains chemical and pheromonal cues, UW may convey socially relevant information. Although ritualized UW is observed in many New World primates, including capuchin monkeys, the functional significance of UW remains unclear. In this experiment, we investigated the social signaling hypothesis of UW. Specifically, we hypothesized that UW by males…
Characterization of human cortical gene expression in relation to glucose utilization
OBJECTIVES: Human brain development follows a unique pattern characterized by a prolonged period of postnatal growth and reorganization, and a postnatal peak in glucose utilization. The molecular processes underlying these developmental changes are poorly characterized. The objectives of this study were to determine developmental trajectories of gene expression and to examine the evolutionary history of genes differentially expressed as a functio…
Neuropeptide Y ‐immunoreactive Neurons in the Cerebral Cortex of Humans and Other Haplorrhine Primates
We examined the distribution of neurons immunoreactive for neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) in the posterior part of the superior temporal cortex ( B rodmann's area 22 or area T pt) of humans and nonhuman haplorrhine primates. NPY has been implicated in learning and memory and the density of NPY ‐expressing cortical neurons and axons is reduced in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and A lzheimer's disease. Due to the role that NPY plays in both …
Early Brain Growth Cessation in Wild Virunga Mountain Gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei )
Understanding the life history correlates of ontogenetic differences in hominoid brain growth requires information from multiple species. At present, however, data on how brain size changes over the course of development are only available from chimpanzees and modern humans. In this study, we examined brain growth in wild Virunga mountain gorillas using data derived from necropsy reports ( N = 34) and endocranial volume (EV) measurements ( N = 86…
A volumetric comparison of the insular cortex and its subregions in primates
Metabolic costs and evolutionary implications of human brain development
Significance The metabolic costs of brain development are thought to explain the evolution of humans’ exceptionally slow and protracted childhood growth; however, the costs of the human brain during development are unknown. We used existing PET and MRI data to calculate brain glucose use from birth to adulthood. We find that the brain’s metabolic requirements peak in childhood, when it uses glucose at a rate equivalent to 66% of the body’s restin…
Brain organization of gorillas reflects species differences in ecology
Gorillas include separate eastern ( Gorilla beringei ) and western ( Gorilla gorilla ) African species that diverged from each other approximately 2 million years ago. Although anatomical, genetic, behavioral, and socioecological differences have been noted among gorilla populations, little is known about variation in their brain structure. This study examines neuroanatomical variation between gorilla species using structural neuroimaging. Postmo…
Brain Plasticity and Human Evolution
Human behavior is shaped by social learning to an extent that is unrivaled in the natural world. What neurobiological changes have occurred in human evolutionary history that have enabled this remarkable cultural capacity? Human brain anatomy and function have evolved to be highly responsive to experience from the environment, especially the milieu of social interactions. Numerous aspects of human brain development show evidence of specialization…
Human Brain Evolution
Age‐ and cognition‐related differences in the gray matter volume of the chimpanzee brain ( Pan troglodytes )
Several primate species have been shown to exhibit age‐related changes in cognition, brain, and behavior. However, severe neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), were once thought to be uniquely human. Recently, some chimpanzees naturally were documented to develop both neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, the main characteristics of AD pathology. In addition, like humans and other primates, chimpanzees show similar…
Comparative neuropathology in aging primates
While humans exhibit a significant degree of neuropathological changes associated with deficits in cognitive and memory functions during aging, non‐human primates (NHP) present with more variable expressions of pathological alterations among individuals and species. As such, NHP with long life expectancy in captivity offer an opportunity to study brain senescence in the absence of the typical cellular pathology caused by age‐related neurodegenera…
Age‐related changes in chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) cognition
Chimpanzees are the species most closely related to humans, yet age‐related changes in brain and cognition remain poorly understood. The lack of studies on age‐related changes in cognition in chimpanzees is particularly unfortunate in light of the recent evidence demonstrating that this species naturally develops Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. Here, we tested 213 young, middle‐aged, and elderly captive chimpanzees on the primate cogniti…
The effects of early life rearing experiences and age on sociality in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis)
Insights From Language-Trained Apes
Language is central to the cognitive and sociocultural traits that distinguish humans, yet the evolutionary emergence of this capacity is far from fully understood. This review explores how the study of the brains of language-trained apes (LTAs) offers a unique and valuable opportunity to tease apart the relative contribution of evolved species differences, behavior, and environment in the emergence of complex communication abilities. For example…
Biology (18 obras) · Neuroscience (12 obras) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (12 obras) · Brain size (9 obras) · Medicine (9 obras) · Primate (7 obras) · Psychology (7 obras) · Zoology (7 obras) · Magnetic resonance imaging (6 obras) · Anatomy (5 obras)