Hugh Elton
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 75447 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Hugh Elton |
| NOMBRES | Hugh |
| APELLIDO | Elton |
| FIRMA | ELTON H |
| AFILIACIONES | Trent University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4933-3343 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 86 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1920 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Managing the Roman Empire for the Long Term
This chapter analyses the reasons for the survival of the eastern Roman state from three different but complementary angles: imperial administration, the environmental conditions impacting land-use for the period, and the ability of the state to leverage resources. We conclude that a major contributory factor in survival was the effective use of natural resources and a self-reinforcing social-ecological system through which the state and its elit…
Reflections on the Avkat Archaeological Project
The Avkat Archaeological Project took place in Turkey between 2006 and 2010. Like many modern projects, it attempted to shed some light on rural, elite, and non-elite systems of the Medieval period in the eastern Mediterranean. The fieldwork of the project is now over and a publication has been produced. Here we want to discuss a much more reflective, indeed, rather biographic, set of observations about the Avkat Archaeological Project
Excavating the Future
646 SCIENCE FICTION STUDIES, VOLUME 46 (2019) 2018]). The wormholes also provide a clever device, first, for situating texts when the relationships between them are complicated—when a text could make equal claim to being included in either of two chapters or in no chapter at all—and, second, for leaning into the eclectic nature of the archive as a whole. A wormhole taking us from nineteenth- and early twentieth-century feminist utopian literature…
The Roman Empire in Late Antiquity
In this volume, Hugh Elton offers a detailed and up to date history of the last centuries of the Roman Empire. Beginning with the crisis of the third century, he covers the rise of Christianity, the key Church Councils, the fall of the West to the Barbarians, the Justinianic reconquest, and concludes with the twin wars against Persians and Arabs in the seventh century AD. Elton isolates two major themes that emerge in this period. He notes that a…
Asia Minor in the Long Sixth Century
Evaluating Archaeological Evidence for Demographics, Abandonment, and Recovery in Late Antique and Byzantine Anatolia
Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire. A response to Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome (2)
This is the second of a three‐section review of Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome in which we examine in detail Harper's treatment of two allegedly widespread and mortal Roman outbreaks of disease. In the case of the second‐century Antonine plague, we demonstrate that Harper overlooked a major controversy and instead portrayed an oversimplified narrative of a catastrophic event. In the case of the third‐century Cyprianic plague, we call attention to…
Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire
Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome , written for a popular audience, uses the environment to explain the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. The book asserts that Rome fell as a result of environmental stress, in particular through a combination of pandemic disease and climate change. Although we agree that the environment can and should be integrated within traditional historical accounts, we challenge the book's claims on several issues. These in…
Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire
This is the last of a three‐part review of Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome . Here, we scrutinize Harper's treatment of the Justinianic Plague, demonstrating how he crafts a convincing narrative based on rhetorical flourishes but little evidence. We call further attention to several internal contradictions within the chapter and misinterpretations of evidence. We conclude this series of articles with a reflection on Harper's deterministic approach …
Not the End of the World? Post-Classical Decline and Recovery in Rural Anatolia
The Roman Empire in Late Antiquity
Visualizing Community
This beautiful book, lavishly illustrated with more than 400 color photographs, examines the architecture of Byzantine Cappadocia (in central Anatolia) between the fifth and thirteenth centuries a.d. in four long chapters. The first chapter is a valuable and well-illustrated catalog of both built and rock-cut churches in the region. The second chapter examines the painted decoration of the rock-cut churches, primarily during a shorter period, the…
Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire
BOOK REVIEWS/COMPTES RENDUS 393 The following chapters read more like afterthoughts than as expansions upon this core argument. Chapter Eighteen argues (on the basis of an unconventional reconstruction of the text) that the papyrus fragments traditionally ascribed to a “Ninus Romance” and the Ctesian account of Ninus and Semiramis in Diodorus provide another example of an exogamous match trumping an earlier endogamous match. Chapter Nineteen anal…
Euchaïta
Euchaita was famous in the late Roman and Byzantine periods as the center of the cult of St. Theodore Tiro (“the recruit”); between the seventh and eleventh centuries and as a result of the changed strategic geography of the region following upon the early Arab-Islamic conquests, it became a military base, but after the Turkish conquest of Anatolia in the later eleventh century fell into obscurity, although apparently remained continuously occupi…
Shifting Genres in Late Antiquity
Military Developments in the Fifth Century
The Climate and Environment of Byzantine Anatolia
The integration of high-resolution archaeological, textual, and environmental data with longer-term, low-resolution data affords greater precision in identifying some of the causal relationships underlying societal change. Regional and microregional case studies about the Byzantine world-in particular, Anatolia, which for several centuries was the heart of that world-reveal many of the difficulties that researchers face when attempting to assess …
Imperial Campaigns Between Diocletian and Honorius, A.D. 284–423
This paper focuses on the archaeological evidence for western imperial campaigns between the reigns of Diocletian (A.D. 284–305) and Honorius (A.D. 395–423). Military campaigning is an ephemeral and rapidly changing process of human interactions. Although Roman campaigning is often well-documented, archaeological evidence is not especially well-suited to documenting events within a particular year, though it is very useful in enhancing our knowle…
Lykaonia
Lykaonia was a region of central Asia Minor, at the southern end of the Konya Plain north of the Taurus Mountains.
Isauria
Isauria was a region in the Taurus Mountains of southern Asia Minor. In the fourth century BCE , the term applied to the inland area (also described as southern Lykaonia) around the city of Isaura (Isaura Vetus; modern Bozkir). By the third century CE , Isauria was a Roman province extending from the Mediterranean coast up to the borders of Lykaonia.
Conclusion
Since 1997 interest in regionalism as a phenomenon has burgeoned. While regional studies and interpretative efforts stretch well back beyond that date (regionalism as an intellectual approach to the past began in studies in economy), and reasons for continuing or renewed interest in regional approaches to the Greek and Roman past are legion, we would like to note two aspects of the phenomenon that have become particularly important in the early t…
Ecclesiastical Politics in Fifth- And Sixth-Century Isauria
Journal Article ECCLESIASTICAL POLITICS IN FIFTH‐ AND SIXTH‐CENTURY ISAURIA Get access HUGH ELTON HUGH ELTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Volume 50, Issue Supplement_91, March 2007, Pages 77–85, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2007.tb02378.x Published: 27 July 2011
Regionalism in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor
La notion de région a depuis fort longtemps été un concept de base de l'analyse historique du monde grec. Cependant, ce concept n'a pas toujours été clairement défini. Les contributions de ce volume n'esquivent pas la question et s'efforcent de mettre en évidence les implications de la notion selon différentes perspectives d'analyse, en prenant pour cadre de référence l'Asie Mineure hellénistique et romaine. Qu'elles examinent la culture, le monn…
A new Late-Roman urban centre in Isauria
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Technical Writing, Genre and Aesthetic in Procopius
Not the End of the World? Post-Classical Decline and Recovery in Rural Anatolia
Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350-425
Despite the importance of warfare in the collapse of the Roman Empire, there is no modern, comprehensive study available. This book discusses the practice of warfare in Europe, from both Roman and barbarian perspectives, in the late fourth and early fifth centuries. It analyses the military practices and capabilities of the Romans and their northern enemies, at policy, strategic, operational, and tactical levels, and covers civil wars, sieges, an…
The Climate and Environment of Byzantine Anatolia
The integration of high-resolution archaeological, textual, and environmental data with longer-term, low-resolution data affords greater precision in identifying some of the causal relationships underlying societal change. Regional and microregional case studies about the Byzantine world-in particular, Anatolia, which for several centuries was the heart of that world-reveal many of the difficulties that researchers face when attempting to assess …
Roman Frontier Studies 1989
Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire
Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome , written for a popular audience, uses the environment to explain the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. The book asserts that Rome fell as a result of environmental stress, in particular through a combination of pandemic disease and climate change. Although we agree that the environment can and should be integrated within traditional historical accounts, we challenge the book's claims on several issues. These in…
Settlement history, environment and human exploitation of an intermontane basin in the central Apennines
STORIA DELL'INSEDIAMENTO, DELL'AMBIENTE E DELLO SFRUTTAMENTO UMANO DI UN BACINO INTERMONTANO NELL'APPENNINO CENTRALE: LA RICOGNIZIONE 1988–91 A RIETI, PARTE II. MODELLI DI SFRUTTAMENTO DEL TERRITORIO ED ELENCO DEI SITI Questa seconda parte della relazione finale sulla ricognizione a Rieti (cf. Papers of the British School at Rome 60 (1992), 213–89, per Parte I) presenta ulteriori informazioni ed interpretazioni sui modelli di trasformazione degli…
Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire
This is the last of a three‐part review of Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome . Here, we scrutinize Harper's treatment of the Justinianic Plague, demonstrating how he crafts a convincing narrative based on rhetorical flourishes but little evidence. We call further attention to several internal contradictions within the chapter and misinterpretations of evidence. We conclude this series of articles with a reflection on Harper's deterministic approach …
Regionalism in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor
La notion de région a depuis fort longtemps été un concept de base de l'analyse historique du monde grec. Cependant, ce concept n'a pas toujours été clairement défini. Les contributions de ce volume n'esquivent pas la question et s'efforcent de mettre en évidence les implications de la notion selon différentes perspectives d'analyse, en prenant pour cadre de référence l'Asie Mineure hellénistique et romaine. Qu'elles examinent la culture, le monn…
A new Late-Roman urban centre in Isauria
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Alahan and Zeno
Following Gough, the late Roman church complex at Alahan in Isauria is usually described as a monastic site built by the emperor Zeno (AD 474–491). Recent reinterpretation of the site by Mango and Hill has suggested that it was not a monastery but a pilgrimage site. This paper argues that none of the physical evidence at the site gives good reason to think of it as built by Zeno. The usual lavish scale of imperial patronage is missing. Alahan was…
Military forces
This chapter examines the military forces of the Roman Empire in three parts: the structure of armies, the structure of regiments, and the structure of individual careers. The first section of the chapter deals with the structure of the Roman army above the level of operational units. All late Roman armies were made up of individual regiments that had their own histories and traditions. The second section focuses on establishment strengths, thoug…
Roman Frontier Studies 1989
Settlement history, environment and human exploitation of an intermontane basin in the central Apennines
STORIA DELL'INSEDIAMENTO, DELL'AMBIENTE E DELLO SFRUTTAMENTO UMANO DI UN BACINO INTERMONTANO NELL'APPENNINO CENTRALE: LA RICOGNIZIONE 1988–91 A RIETI, PARTE II. MODELLI DI SFRUTTAMENTO DEL TERRITORIO ED ELENCO DEI SITI Questa seconda parte della relazione finale sulla ricognizione a Rieti (cf. Papers of the British School at Rome 60 (1992), 213–89, per Parte I) presenta ulteriori informazioni ed interpretazioni sui modelli di trasformazione degli…
Fortifications
Permanent army bases and many urban areas in the late Empire were defended by fortifications. In addition, some fortified refuge sites existed. Though each site was important in its own right (especially military ones), it also had a place in a defensive network, dependent on its size and location. This chapter discusses the principles determining how individual sites were defended but does not analyse particular sites or how regional defensive s…
Recruiting
During the fourth and fifth centuries AD the Roman army recruited soldiers (a phrase including foederati but excluding allies) from both inside and outside the Empire. The Roman army in this period was at least 300,000 and may have been 600,000 strong. Recruits served for twenty years (or twenty-four years in the case of limitanei not in legions or vexillations). Given an even distribution of discharges, there was a minimum requirement of 15,000 …
Title Pages
Abbreviations
Barbarian Economy and Society
In the late fourth century AD various barbarian, in the sense of non-Roman, tribes lived on the borders of the Roman Empire in Europe. The orthodox view of these barbarians, partially rejected here, sees the small Germanic tribes known from the first century combining into large confederations in the third century. Thus the Bructeri, Chatti, etc., were replaced by the Franks on the lower Rhine. These Franks were distinct socially and politically …
Roman Organization, Arms, and Equipment
The late Roman armed forces were divided into two parts, the field army troops (comitatenses) and the border troops (limitanei), which both had land and marine components. This section examines the organization of both groups together with various support services and militias.
Dedication
Finance
The Roman army in the fourth century employed at least 300,000 individuals. According to an anonymous sixth-century Byzantine writer, ‘expenditure on the army is the biggest item of state expenditure every year’. Paying for this organization consumed most of the imperial budget and became more difficult during the fifth century, especially in the West.
Operations
Boundaries between strategic and operational, and between operational and tactical decisions are very flexible and the selection of material that belongs here, rather than in Chapter 8, is difficult. Some of the topics discussed, such as strategic intelligence, belong equally well there. Since most field operations were conducted by the comitatenses this section refers mostly to them, not to limitanei. However, the two parts of the army appear to…
Foreign Policy
The Roman Empire had an army to keep out or destroy its enemies by whatever means necessary. There was no need, or even thought, of compromise. Ammianus Marcellinus’ account of a treacherous attack on a raiding band of Saxons in 370 concludes ‘and though some fair judge of these things will condemn this act as treacherous and hateful, yet on having considered the affair, he will not think it improper that a destructive band of brigands was destro…
Barbarian Military Practices
Conflict between Romans and barbarians was common, but the form it took and the reasons for fighting are complicated and not clearly understood. For any attempt to understand this conflict, it is necessary to examine two features of barbarian society-its perceptions of the Empire and its martial nature-which lay behind much conflict.
Conclusion
This book has covered the period 350-425, a period in which no one could imagine that the Roman Empire was in any danger of failing. Yet, only fifty years later, the Western Empire was tottering on the verge of collapse, and the last Western Emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed in 476. This book has said much about how the Roman army worked before this, but does not attempt to explain the collapse.
Notes on Sources
Subject Classical Studies Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online
Danubian Archaeology in Late Antiquity
Subject Classical Studies Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online
Strategy
To preserve the Roman state it was necessary to keep barbarians outside the Empire and to expel them if they did break in. The ideal solution was a defensive system that could defeat all attacks on (or beyond) the borders of the Empire. This resulted in the stationing of large armies on the Rhine and Danube frontiers in the early imperial period.
Barbarization and the Late Roman Army
Subject Classical Studies Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online
Epigraph
Subject Classical Studies Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online
Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350-425
Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350-425
Despite the importance of warfare in the collapse of the Roman Empire, there is no modern, comprehensive study available. This book discusses the practice of warfare in Europe, from both Roman and barbarian perspectives, in the late fourth and early fifth centuries. It analyses the military practices and capabilities of the Romans and their northern enemies, at policy, strategic, operational, and tactical levels, and covers civil wars, sieges, an…
Frontiers of the Roman Empire
Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350-425
Warfare in Roman Europe A.D. 350-425
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