Barbara Maughan
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 768683 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Barbara Maughan |
| NOMBRES | Barbara |
| APELLIDO | Maughan |
| FIRMA | MAUGHAN B |
| AFILIACIONES | King's College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8887-3484 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 37 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1980 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Is foster caring associated with an earlier transition to adulthood for caregivers’ own children? ONS Longitudinal Study
This study investigates whether existing children in a fostering household differ from young people in non-caregiving households in the timing of their transitions to key adult roles, which are known to affect later health and life chances. Using data from the ONS Longitudinal Study, we pooled records from census years 1971–2001 and linked them to follow-up records from 1981–2011. We identified 2,656 children living with a foster child and compar…
Neurodevelopmental problems in adulthood following severe early deprivation
Severe, prolonged early deprivation is associated with later neurodevelopmental difficulties. Despite elevated levels of contact with service providers, these problems often persist into adult life and are associated with impairment in adulthood (e.g., unemployment, higher rates of depression and anxiety symptoms and poorer subjective wellbeing). Here, we aimed to explore the ongoing service needs and experiences of adoptees and their parents fro…
Social relationships in adults who were adopted following institutional deprivation
Research examining the effects of severe, prolonged early deprivation has shown elevated rates of neurodevelopmental symptoms, which frequently persist into adulthood and are associated with functional and social relationship difficulties, as well as elevated rates of mental health problems. The behavioural manifestations of these symptoms closely resemble those of ADHD and also ASD. Here, we used qualitative methods to explore and characterise t…
Parent‐ and teacher‐reported associations from adolescent bifactor models of psychopathology
BACKGROUND: Adolescent mental health problems have lasting impacts on health and social functioning later in life. Evidence to date mostly comes from studies of specific diagnostic categories/dimensions, but hierarchical models can elucidate associations with general as well as specific dimensions of psychopathology. We provide evidence on long-term outcomes of general and specific dimensions of adolescent psychopathology using both parent and te…
When people adopted from severely depriving institutions become parents
It has been reported that adult adoptees with histories of maltreatment face particular challenges when they become parents. Here we explore this issue using a qualitative analysis of the views of 14 adoptee mothers, who suffered severe institutional deprivation in the Romanian orphanages of the late 1980s before being adopted into the UK, and their adoptive parents. Following a thematic analysis, we report several perceived benefits of becoming …
Not in education, employment and training
BACKGROUND: Youths disengaged from the education system and labour force (i.e. 'Not in Education, Employment, or Training' or 'NEET') are often at reduced capacity to flourish and thrive as adults. Developmental precursors to NEET status may extend back to temperamental features, though this - and possible mediators of such associations such as attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) symptoms and antisocial behaviours (ASB) - have yet to be direct…
Out-of-home care in childhood and socio-economic functioning in adulthood
Promoting better functioning among children exposed to high levels of family adversity
BACKGROUND: Children exposed to early adversity are vulnerable to cognitive impairments and externalizing behaviors. Attending childcare may, however, partly buffer this detrimental effect by providing social and cognitive stimulation in a secure environment. The aims of this study were (a) to determine whether the association between exposure to adversity and later externalizing behaviors is mediated by children's cognitive abilities, and (b) to…
The Isle of Wight studies
Beginning in the 1960s, the Isle of Wight studies were among the first to investigate developmental reading problems in representative, population-based samples, using the tools of epidemiology. In this paper, we provide an overview of the contribution of the Isle of Wight studies to research on reading disabilities. We begin with an account of the surveys of primary school children, then move on to describe the programme of epidemiological and l…
Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model
BACKGROUND: Using data from the English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study, we recently reported that early time-limited exposure to severe institutional deprivation is associated with early-onset and persistent neurodevelopmental problems and later-onset emotional problems. Here, we examine possible reasons for the late emergence of emotional problems in this cohort. Our main focus is on testing a developmental cascade mediated via the functional i…
Infant domestic adoption
BACKGROUND: Adoption studies can cast light on environmental influences on development, but heterogeneity in preplacement experiences often complicates interpretation of findings. METHODS: We studied infant-adopted samples drawn from the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts and examined mental health, well-being, physical health and externalizing outcomes at mid-life. Outcomes for adopted cohort members were compared with those of (a) individuals …
Association of childhood out-of-home care status with all-cause mortality up to 42-years later
In this large, nationally representative study of dependent children resident in England and Wales, those who had been in care during childhood had a higher risk of mortality long after they had left care on average, mainly from unnatural causes. No differences by age or gender were found. Children in care have not benefitted from the general decline in mortality risk over time
Infant domestic adoptions followed up to adulthood
Studies of adult outcomes of infant domestic adoptions are considered: the range of psychological and behavioural outcomes recorded, the current state of knowledge summarised and the importance of the chosen comparison groups discussed. The social context of infant adoptions is described. Findings from our follow-ups of British infant adoptions in the post-World War 11 period are then briefly reported and set alongside the previous studies. In th…
Mechanisms underlying social gradients in child and adolescent antisocial behaviour
As expected family functioning accounted for a substantial proportion of the association between SES and antisocial behaviour, we also found evidence that child cognitive functioning might perform an important role. Our findings emphasise the importance of addressing the mechanisms underlying the association between SES and behavioural problems
Serum cholesterol, MTHFR methylation, and symptoms of depression in children
Depression is associated with dietary factors and epigenetics. Serum cholesterol, which is prone to dietary influences, has been linked to symptoms of depression. This relationship may be (in part) due to altered epigenetic regulation of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR). MTHFR codes for the MTHFR enzyme, which has diverse metabolic functions, and has recently been linked individually with diet, serum cholesterol levels and depressive s…
Long term economic impact associated with childhood bullying victimisation
Being bullied is associated with mental health problems in childhood, with increasing evidence of persisting negative impacts, and increased mental health service use, into adulthood. There are also impacts of bullying victimisation on employment, income and being in poverty, but little is known about the long-term economic impacts. We therefore aimed to estimate the most important economic consequences at age 50 of being bullied in childhood: to…
Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation
BACKGROUND: Time-limited, early-life exposures to institutional deprivation are associated with disorders in childhood, but it is unknown whether effects persist into adulthood. We used data from the English and Romanian Adoptees study to assess whether deprivation-associated adverse neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes persist into young adulthood. METHODS: The English and Romanian Adoptees study is a longitudinal, natural experiment in…
What are the Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior Among Low‐income Youth in C ape T own
Research in high‐income countries has identified an array of risk factors for youth antisocial behavior. However, in low‐ and middle‐income countries, despite higher prevalence of offending and antisocial behavior, there is a paucity of prospective, longitudinal evidence examining predictors. South Africa is a middle‐income country with high rates of violence and crime, and a unique social context, characterized by striking income and gender ineq…
Adult Health Outcomes of Childhood Bullying Victimization
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined midlife outcomes of childhood bullying victimization. METHOD: Data were from the British National Child Development Study, a 50-year prospective cohort of births in 1 week in 1958. The authors conducted ordinal logistic and linear regressions on data from 7,771 participants whose parents reported bullying exposure at ages 7 and 11 years, and who participated in follow-up assessments between ages 23 and 50 years. Ou…
Adolescent mental health and subsequent parenting
BACKGROUND: Adolescent mental health problems are associated with a range of adverse outcomes in adulthood but little is known about the effects on adult parenting practices. This study aimed to examine prospective associations between adolescent conduct and emotional problems and subsequent parenting behaviours in adulthood. METHODS: The study sample comprised 1110 members from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Prospective data …
Pubertal Development, Spare Time Activities, and Adolescent Delinquency
Changing Adolescence
The general well-being of British adolescents has been the topic of considerable debate in recent years, but too often this is based on myth rather than fact. Are today's young people more stressed, anxious, distressed or antisocial than they used to be? What does research evidence tell us about the adolescent experience today and how it has changed over time? And how do trends in adolescent well-being since the 1970s relate to changes in educati…
Changing Adolescence
Family hardship, family instability, and cognitive development
BACKGROUND: Associations between the characteristics of the family environment, in particular poverty and family structure, and cognitive development are well established, yet little is known about the role of timing and accumulation of risk in early childhood. The aim of this paper is to assess the associations between income poverty, family instability and cognitive development in early childhood. In particular, it tests the relative role of fa…
The Covariation of Antisocial Behavior and Substance Use in Adolescence
Multivariate genetic studies have revealed genetic correlations between antisocial behavior ( ASB ) and substance use ( SU ). However, ASB is heterogeneous, and it remains unclear whether all forms are similarly related to SU . The present study examines links between cannabis use, alcohol consumption, and aggressive and delinquent forms of ASB using a behavioral genetic approach. Participants were 1,688 adolescents (482 monozygotic twins, 852 di…
Family hardship, family instability, and cognitive development
BACKGROUND: Associations between the characteristics of the family environment, in particular poverty and family structure, and cognitive development are well established, yet little is known about the role of timing and accumulation of risk in early childhood. The aim of this paper is to assess the associations between income poverty, family instability and cognitive development in early childhood. In particular, it tests the relative role of fa…
Long term economic impact associated with childhood bullying victimisation
Being bullied is associated with mental health problems in childhood, with increasing evidence of persisting negative impacts, and increased mental health service use, into adulthood. There are also impacts of bullying victimisation on employment, income and being in poverty, but little is known about the long-term economic impacts. We therefore aimed to estimate the most important economic consequences at age 50 of being bullied in childhood: to…
Modelling the contribution of changes in family life to time trends in adolescent conduct problems
Out-of-home care in childhood and socio-economic functioning in adulthood
Do changes in parent mental health explain trends in youth emotional problems
Developmental Trajectory Modeling
Since its introduction just over a decade ago, developmental trajectory modeling has had a major impact in studies of childhood behavior problems as well as in studies of crime. This article explores some of the issues it raises from the perspective of developmental psychopathology. First, it notes debates over categorical versus dimensional approaches to the conceptualization and analysis of behavior and argues that in the current state of knowl…
Fifteen Thousand Hours
Fifteen Thousand Hours gives a remarkable account of what goes on in schools, and what the effects are likely to be. It is vital reading for all those professionally involved in teaching
What are the Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior Among Low‐income Youth in C ape T own
Research in high‐income countries has identified an array of risk factors for youth antisocial behavior. However, in low‐ and middle‐income countries, despite higher prevalence of offending and antisocial behavior, there is a paucity of prospective, longitudinal evidence examining predictors. South Africa is a middle‐income country with high rates of violence and crime, and a unique social context, characterized by striking income and gender ineq…
A developmental-contextual approach to understanding mental health and well-being in early adulthood
Neurodevelopmental problems in adulthood following severe early deprivation
Severe, prolonged early deprivation is associated with later neurodevelopmental difficulties. Despite elevated levels of contact with service providers, these problems often persist into adult life and are associated with impairment in adulthood (e.g., unemployment, higher rates of depression and anxiety symptoms and poorer subjective wellbeing). Here, we aimed to explore the ongoing service needs and experiences of adoptees and their parents fro…
Social relationships in adults who were adopted following institutional deprivation
Research examining the effects of severe, prolonged early deprivation has shown elevated rates of neurodevelopmental symptoms, which frequently persist into adulthood and are associated with functional and social relationship difficulties, as well as elevated rates of mental health problems. The behavioural manifestations of these symptoms closely resemble those of ADHD and also ASD. Here, we used qualitative methods to explore and characterise t…
When people adopted from severely depriving institutions become parents
It has been reported that adult adoptees with histories of maltreatment face particular challenges when they become parents. Here we explore this issue using a qualitative analysis of the views of 14 adoptee mothers, who suffered severe institutional deprivation in the Romanian orphanages of the late 1980s before being adopted into the UK, and their adoptive parents. Following a thematic analysis, we report several perceived benefits of becoming …
Pubertal Development, Spare Time Activities, and Adolescent Delinquency
Fifteen Thousand Hours
Fifteen Thousand Hours gives a remarkable account of what goes on in schools, and what the effects are likely to be. It is vital reading for all those professionally involved in teaching
Validity of the Malaise Inventory in general population samples
School Effectiveness Findings 1979–2002
Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in a national sample
Background: Despite an expanding epidemiological evidence base, uncertainties remain over key aspects of the epidemiology of the ‘antisocial’ disorders in childhood and adolescence. Methods: We used cross‐sectional data on a nationally representative sample of 10,438 5–15‐year‐olds drawn from the 1999 British Child Mental Health Survey to examine age trends, gender ratios and patterns of comorbidity in DSM‐IV Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositiona…
Time trends in adolescent mental health
Background: Existing evidence points to a substantial rise in psychosocial disorders affecting young people over the past 50 years (). However, there are major methodological challenges in providing conclusive answers about secular changes in disorder. Comparisons of rates of disorder at different time points are often affected by changes in diagnostic criteria, differences in assessment methods, and changes in official reporting practices. Few s…
Developmental Trajectory Modeling
Since its introduction just over a decade ago, developmental trajectory modeling has had a major impact in studies of childhood behavior problems as well as in studies of crime. This article explores some of the issues it raises from the perspective of developmental psychopathology. First, it notes debates over categorical versus dimensional approaches to the conceptualization and analysis of behavior and argues that in the current state of knowl…
Continuities and discontinuities in psychopathology between childhood and adult life
The possible mechanisms involved in continuities and discontinuities in psychopathology between childhood and adult life are considered in relation to the findings from systematic, prospective, long‐term longitudinal studies. Findings on schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental disorders, emotional disturbances, antisocial behaviour and substance abuse are used as conditions illustrating the key issues. The overarching themes are then discussed in relat…
Resilience to adult psychopathology following childhood maltreatment
Modelling the contribution of changes in family life to time trends in adolescent conduct problems
School, Neighborhood, and Family Factors Are Associated With Children's Bullying Involvement
Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying
Background: Bullied children are at risk for later emotional and behavioural problems. ‘Resilient’ children function better than would be expected given their experience of bullying victimisation. This study examined the role of families in promoting resilience following bullying victimisation in primary school. Method: Data were from the Environmental Risk (E‐Risk) Study which describes a nationally representative sample of 1,116 twin pairs and …
A developmental-contextual approach to understanding mental health and well-being in early adulthood
The Covariation of Antisocial Behavior and Substance Use in Adolescence
Multivariate genetic studies have revealed genetic correlations between antisocial behavior ( ASB ) and substance use ( SU ). However, ASB is heterogeneous, and it remains unclear whether all forms are similarly related to SU . The present study examines links between cannabis use, alcohol consumption, and aggressive and delinquent forms of ASB using a behavioral genetic approach. Participants were 1,688 adolescents (482 monozygotic twins, 852 di…
Do changes in parent mental health explain trends in youth emotional problems
Changing Adolescence
The general well-being of British adolescents has been the topic of considerable debate in recent years, but too often this is based on myth rather than fact. Are today's young people more stressed, anxious, distressed or antisocial than they used to be? What does research evidence tell us about the adolescent experience today and how it has changed over time? And how do trends in adolescent well-being since the 1970s relate to changes in educati…
Changing Adolescence
Family hardship, family instability, and cognitive development
BACKGROUND: Associations between the characteristics of the family environment, in particular poverty and family structure, and cognitive development are well established, yet little is known about the role of timing and accumulation of risk in early childhood. The aim of this paper is to assess the associations between income poverty, family instability and cognitive development in early childhood. In particular, it tests the relative role of fa…
Adult Health Outcomes of Childhood Bullying Victimization
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined midlife outcomes of childhood bullying victimization. METHOD: Data were from the British National Child Development Study, a 50-year prospective cohort of births in 1 week in 1958. The authors conducted ordinal logistic and linear regressions on data from 7,771 participants whose parents reported bullying exposure at ages 7 and 11 years, and who participated in follow-up assessments between ages 23 and 50 years. Ou…
Adolescent mental health and subsequent parenting
BACKGROUND: Adolescent mental health problems are associated with a range of adverse outcomes in adulthood but little is known about the effects on adult parenting practices. This study aimed to examine prospective associations between adolescent conduct and emotional problems and subsequent parenting behaviours in adulthood. METHODS: The study sample comprised 1110 members from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Prospective data …
Pubertal Development, Spare Time Activities, and Adolescent Delinquency
What are the Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior Among Low‐income Youth in C ape T own
Research in high‐income countries has identified an array of risk factors for youth antisocial behavior. However, in low‐ and middle‐income countries, despite higher prevalence of offending and antisocial behavior, there is a paucity of prospective, longitudinal evidence examining predictors. South Africa is a middle‐income country with high rates of violence and crime, and a unique social context, characterized by striking income and gender ineq…
Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation
BACKGROUND: Time-limited, early-life exposures to institutional deprivation are associated with disorders in childhood, but it is unknown whether effects persist into adulthood. We used data from the English and Romanian Adoptees study to assess whether deprivation-associated adverse neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes persist into young adulthood. METHODS: The English and Romanian Adoptees study is a longitudinal, natural experiment in…
Long term economic impact associated with childhood bullying victimisation
Being bullied is associated with mental health problems in childhood, with increasing evidence of persisting negative impacts, and increased mental health service use, into adulthood. There are also impacts of bullying victimisation on employment, income and being in poverty, but little is known about the long-term economic impacts. We therefore aimed to estimate the most important economic consequences at age 50 of being bullied in childhood: to…
Mechanisms underlying social gradients in child and adolescent antisocial behaviour
As expected family functioning accounted for a substantial proportion of the association between SES and antisocial behaviour, we also found evidence that child cognitive functioning might perform an important role. Our findings emphasise the importance of addressing the mechanisms underlying the association between SES and behavioural problems
Serum cholesterol, MTHFR methylation, and symptoms of depression in children
Depression is associated with dietary factors and epigenetics. Serum cholesterol, which is prone to dietary influences, has been linked to symptoms of depression. This relationship may be (in part) due to altered epigenetic regulation of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR). MTHFR codes for the MTHFR enzyme, which has diverse metabolic functions, and has recently been linked individually with diet, serum cholesterol levels and depressive s…
Psychology (37 obras) · Developmental psychology (29 obras) · Medicine (25 obras) · Psychiatry (21 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (20 obras) · Clinical Psychology (20 obras) · Demography (13 obras) · Mental health (13 obras) · Population (11 obras) · Child Welfare and Adoption (10 obras)