Timo Hartmann
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 77631 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Timo Hartmann |
| NOMBRES | Timo |
| APELLIDO | Hartmann |
| FIRMA | HARTMANN T |
| AFILIACIONES | Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1862-7595 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 184 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2001 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Measuring Parasocial Processing
Research on parasocial phenomena is thriving, and parasocial processing emerged as a key concept in the wake of this trend. In this paper, we derive and systematically test a shortened version of the central measure of parasocial processing, the PSI-Process Scales. The theoretically grounded Parasocial Processing Short Scale (PP-SS) consists of only nine items. The scale was systematically developed and validated in two preregistered empirical st…
Patterns of plant species composition of a temperate floodplain meadow in response to fine-scale topography
Floodplains are vital and diverse habitats, providing essential ecosystem services. In Germany, the total surface of floodplain meadows has decreased by over 80% since the 1950s due to human activities such as river channelisation and embankment as well as land use intensification, leading to changes in nutrient and pollutant input. However, effects of these changes on floodplain vegetation remain understudied, primarily due to their recent occur…
Digitalization for safer restoration practices of industrial buildings using building information modelling (BIM)
Three Conceptual Challenges to Parasocial Interaction
This chapter takes a close look at the conceptualization of parasocial interaction (PSI), that is, users’ illusionary experience, during media exposure, of being in a reciprocal social interaction with a media performer (while objectively this is not the case). The chapter discusses existing conceptual challenges and boundary conditions and proposes future research avenues. A review of PSI theory reveals that a performer’s anticipated user respon…
Experiences of Depersonalization/Derealization Among Users of Virtual Reality Applications
Previous research shows that virtual reality (VR) users may experience symptoms of depersonalization/derealization (DPDR) immediately after use. However, the impact of long-term VR use on these symptoms has not been analyzed so far. In a preregistered study, we conducted an online survey among a bigger sample of VR users ( N = 754) to investigate the relationship between time of use during the past 6 months and the presence of DPDR symptoms. The …
Feelings of presence and perceived social support in social virtual reality platforms
Social virtual reality (social VR) platforms are gaining popularity among users. Previous qualitative research suggests that feelings of presence can make these platforms an attractive environment to obtain social support from others. Building on these exploratory insights, we carried out a quantitative study to illuminate how different types of presence in social VR platforms facilitate social support. The results of a large survey conducted amo…
Psychological benefits of using social virtual reality platforms during the covid-19 pandemic
220) indicate that feelings of spatial presence predict these three outcomes, while social presence predicts relatedness and enjoyment, but not self-expansion. Socialization activities like meeting friends in VR are associated with relatedness and enjoyment, while playful and creative activities allow for self-expansion. Moreover, the perceived impact of social distancing measures was associated with an increase in use, suggesting the utility of …
Self-control and need satisfaction in primetime
The relationship between self-control and media use is complicated. Loss of self-control capacity has been linked to generally higher levels of media use, which might represent self-regulatory failure, but could also be attempts at replenishing self-control. Indeed, self-determination theory proposes that satisfying intrinsic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), for example via media use, aids the recovery of self-control.…
Self-transcendent Media Experiences
Interest in the meaningful sides of media entertainment has blossomed over the last decade, with numerous scholars examining how certain media content can enhance social good and well-being. Because social scientific work in this area is relatively new and is rapidly evolving, numerous conceptualizations of meaningful media experiences have been introduced. In this paper we argue for the importance of recognizing a unique form of media experience…
The Role of Cognitive and Affective Challenge in Entertainment Experience
Recent approaches in entertainment research highlight the distinction between hedonic (pleasure-seeking) and eudaimonic (truth-seeking) entertainment experiences. However, insights into the underlying processes that give rise to these different types of entertainment experiences are still scarce. This study examines the assumption that individuals’ entertainment experience varies by the level of cognitive and affective challenge posed by the medi…
Always On? Explicating Impulsive Influences on Media Use
Guido van Koningsbruggen, Tilo Hartmann, and Jie Du, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Many people live in a media-rich environment, where media content and mediated communication options are easily accessible and almost always available independent from time and place. We argue that such a media-rich environment that constantly reminds people of all available media use options can be a strong trigger of impulsive media use. In this chapter, we explic…
Making dilemmas explicit through the use of a cognitive mapping collaboration tool
The Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES)
The study of spatial presence is currently receiving increased attention in both media psychology and communication research. The present paper introduces the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES), a short eight-item self-report measure. The SPES is derived from a process model of spatial presence ( Wirth et al., 2007 , Media Psychology, 9, 493–525), and assesses spatial presence as a two-dimensional construct that comprises a user’s self-loca…
Swine flu and hype
Parasocial Interaction and Parasocial Relationship
Parasocial interaction and parasocial relationship are often conflated conceptually and methodologically, leaving researchers unclear as to which concept is being tapped.This research clarifies these concepts and experimentally compares the most common measure of parasocial interaction, the Parasocial Interaction Scale (PSI-Scale), with a newer measure, the Experience of Parasocial Interaction Scale (EPSI-Scale).Participants (N = 383) viewed a br…
Vorwort
SCM Studies in Communication and Media , Seite 3 - 6
Questionable Research and Publication Practices in Communication Science
According to Thomas Kuhn, scientific revolutions always take place in response to anomalous data: When data are presented that do not concur with an established paradigm, the paradigm will shift. W
The Guilty Couch Potato
This article addresses ego depletion as a mechanism influencing media-based stress recovery processes. Using structural equation modeling, relationships between ego depletion, procrastination, guilt, enjoyment, vitality, and recovery experience were tested using data from an online survey (N = 471). Results suggest that ego depletion may increase the risk of negatively appraising the use of interactive (video games) and noninteractive (television…
How Violent Video Games Communicate Violence
Mechanisms of moral disengagement in violent video game play have recently received considerable attention among communication scholars. To date, however, no study has analyzed the prevalence of moral disengagement factors in violent video games. To fill this research gap, the present approach includes both a systematic literature review and a content analysis of moral disengagement cues embedded in the narratives and actual game play of 17 top-r…
Factors underlying male and female use of violent video games
Research has consistently shown that males play violent video games more frequently than females, but factors underlying this gender gap have not been examined to date. This approach examines the assumption that males play violent video games more because they anticipate more enjoyment and less guilt from engaging in virtual violence than females. This may be because males are less empathetic, tend to morally justify physical violence more and ha…
Examining the Hostile Media Effect as an Intergroup Phenomenon
This approach conceptualizes the hostile media effect (HME) as an intergroup phenomenon. Two empirical studies, one quasi-experimental and one experimental, examine the HME in the context of the abortion debate. Both studies show that ingroup identification and group status qualify the HME. Pro-choice and pro-life group members perceived an identical newspaper article as biased against their own viewpoint only if they considered their ingroup to …
Media Entertainment as a Result of Recreation and Psychological Growth
Media entertainment refers to users' enjoyment of media‐induced sensations. This chapter argues that users feel entertained to the extent that media supports their adaptive tendencies to recreate and grow psychologically. Within the boundaries of their physiological regulation, users are believed to engage actively in cognitive, affective, and behavioral challenges imposed by media, in order to grow psychologically. However, a lack of physiologic…
Media and the Moral Mind
Questions regarding the relation between media and morality have been a lasting concern. Can media exposure shape or alter moral values? Does morality influence how audience members select, interpret and respond to media content? Attempts to answer such questions are hindered by the complex nature of morality and its dynamic relation with media. This volume brings together leading scholars in an effort to examine reciprocal processes that connect…
Elevation in Response to Entertainment Portrayals of Moral Virtue
Media psychologists have long puzzled over how individuals can experience enjoyment from entertainment such as tragedies that often elicit profound feelings of sadness. The present research examines the idea that a focus on "meaningful" entertainment and affective responses identified as "elevation" may provide a framework for understanding many examples of sad or dramatic entertainment. The results of this study suggest that many types of meanin…
Horton and Wohl Revisited
Linking back toD. Horton and R. Wohl (1956),the present approach conceptualizes and empirically examines viewers' parasocial interaction experience with a TV performer. Causes and outcomes of parasocial interaction experience are examined. To this end, a new Experience of Parasocial Interaction (EPSI) scale is introduced. In a 2 (Bodily Addressing) × 2 (Verbal Addressing) between-subjects experiment (N = 198) viewers reported a more intense paras…
Parasocial Interaction and Parasocial Relationship
Parasocial interaction and parasocial relationship are often conflated conceptually and methodologically, leaving researchers unclear as to which concept is being tapped.This research clarifies these concepts and experimentally compares the most common measure of parasocial interaction, the Parasocial Interaction Scale (PSI-Scale), with a newer measure, the Experience of Parasocial Interaction Scale (EPSI-Scale).Participants (N = 383) viewed a br…
Elevation in Response to Entertainment Portrayals of Moral Virtue
Media psychologists have long puzzled over how individuals can experience enjoyment from entertainment such as tragedies that often elicit profound feelings of sadness. The present research examines the idea that a focus on "meaningful" entertainment and affective responses identified as "elevation" may provide a framework for understanding many examples of sad or dramatic entertainment. The results of this study suggest that many types of meanin…
Gender and Computer Games
On average, girls and women are less involved with video games than are boys and men, and when they do play, they often prefer different games. This article reports two studies that investigated the dislikes of German females with regard to video games. Study 1 applied conjoint analysis to female respondents' (N= 317) ratings of fictional video games and demonstrated that lack of meaningful social interaction, followed by violent content and sexu…
Factors underlying male and female use of violent video games
Research has consistently shown that males play violent video games more frequently than females, but factors underlying this gender gap have not been examined to date. This approach examines the assumption that males play violent video games more because they anticipate more enjoyment and less guilt from engaging in virtual violence than females. This may be because males are less empathetic, tend to morally justify physical violence more and ha…
Publikumsvorstellungen im Rezeptionsprozess
Making dilemmas explicit through the use of a cognitive mapping collaboration tool
Questionable Research and Publication Practices in Communication Science
According to Thomas Kuhn, scientific revolutions always take place in response to anomalous data: When data are presented that do not concur with an established paradigm, the paradigm will shift. W
Avatare
M&K Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft , page 350 - 368
Avatare
M&K Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft , page 350 - 368
Publikumsvorstellungen im Rezeptionsprozess
Gender and Computer Games
On average, girls and women are less involved with video games than are boys and men, and when they do play, they often prefer different games. This article reports two studies that investigated the dislikes of German females with regard to video games. Study 1 applied conjoint analysis to female respondents' (N= 317) ratings of fictional video games and demonstrated that lack of meaningful social interaction, followed by violent content and sexu…
A Process Model of the Formation of Spatial Presence Experiences
In order to bridge interdisciplinary differences in Presence research and to establish connections between Presence and “older” concepts of psychology and communication, a theoretical model of the formation of Spatial Presence is proposed. It is applicable to the exposure to different media and intended to unify the existing efforts to develop a theory of Presence. The model includes assumptions about attention allocation, mental models, and invo…
The PSI-Process Scales. A new measure to assess the intensity and breadth of parasocial processes
Research on parasocial interactions (PSI) and parasocial relationships (PSR) refers back to a tradition of 50 years. However, research on both phenomena still suffers from overlapping definitions and resulting measurements that do not distinguish between PSI and PSR. The present study presents a post-exposure measurement tool (the PSI-Process Scales) that aims to measure PSI instead of PSR. It is derived from a theoretical model that specifically…
Mediated Interpersonal Communication
Part I. Bridging the disciplines * Elly A. Konijn, Sonja Utz, Martin Tanis, & Susan B. Barnes (editors) How Technology Affects Human Interaction (Introduction) 2. Susan B. Barnes, Ph.D. (Associate Professor Rochester Institute of Technology): Understanding Social Media from the Media Ecological Perspective 3. Melanie D. Polkosky, Ph.D. (CCC-SLP, IBM Corporation and University of South Florida): Machines as Mediators: The Challenge of Technology f…
Media Choice
TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields
Exploring the Role of Meaningful Experiences in Users' Appreciation of “Good Movies”
This article extends current theorizing in media psychology on audience responses to cinema by examining individuals' perceptions of meaningfulness. Specifically, it presents the results of a study designed to expand upon research on psychological and subjective well-being to experiences and memories of films that are perceived as particularly meaningful by viewers. Characteristics and themes of such films are examined and identified, as well as …
It's Okay to Shoot a Character
What makes virtual violence enjoyable rather than aversive? Two 2×2 experiments tested the assumption that moral disengagement cues provided by a violent video game's narrative and game play lessen users' guilt and negative affect, which would otherwise undermine players' enjoyment of the game. Experiment 1 found that users' familiarity with the violent game reduced guilt and negative affect, and enhanced enjoyment, whereas opponents' nonhuman ou…
Horton and Wohl Revisited
Linking back toD. Horton and R. Wohl (1956),the present approach conceptualizes and empirically examines viewers' parasocial interaction experience with a TV performer. Causes and outcomes of parasocial interaction experience are examined. To this end, a new Experience of Parasocial Interaction (EPSI) scale is introduced. In a 2 (Bodily Addressing) × 2 (Verbal Addressing) between-subjects experiment (N = 198) viewers reported a more intense paras…
Media Entertainment as a Result of Recreation and Psychological Growth
Media entertainment refers to users' enjoyment of media‐induced sensations. This chapter argues that users feel entertained to the extent that media supports their adaptive tendencies to recreate and grow psychologically. Within the boundaries of their physiological regulation, users are believed to engage actively in cognitive, affective, and behavioral challenges imposed by media, in order to grow psychologically. However, a lack of physiologic…
Media and the Moral Mind
Questions regarding the relation between media and morality have been a lasting concern. Can media exposure shape or alter moral values? Does morality influence how audience members select, interpret and respond to media content? Attempts to answer such questions are hindered by the complex nature of morality and its dynamic relation with media. This volume brings together leading scholars in an effort to examine reciprocal processes that connect…
Elevation in Response to Entertainment Portrayals of Moral Virtue
Media psychologists have long puzzled over how individuals can experience enjoyment from entertainment such as tragedies that often elicit profound feelings of sadness. The present research examines the idea that a focus on "meaningful" entertainment and affective responses identified as "elevation" may provide a framework for understanding many examples of sad or dramatic entertainment. The results of this study suggest that many types of meanin…
Examining the Hostile Media Effect as an Intergroup Phenomenon
This approach conceptualizes the hostile media effect (HME) as an intergroup phenomenon. Two empirical studies, one quasi-experimental and one experimental, examine the HME in the context of the abortion debate. Both studies show that ingroup identification and group status qualify the HME. Pro-choice and pro-life group members perceived an identical newspaper article as biased against their own viewpoint only if they considered their ingroup to …
The Guilty Couch Potato
This article addresses ego depletion as a mechanism influencing media-based stress recovery processes. Using structural equation modeling, relationships between ego depletion, procrastination, guilt, enjoyment, vitality, and recovery experience were tested using data from an online survey (N = 471). Results suggest that ego depletion may increase the risk of negatively appraising the use of interactive (video games) and noninteractive (television…
How Violent Video Games Communicate Violence
Mechanisms of moral disengagement in violent video game play have recently received considerable attention among communication scholars. To date, however, no study has analyzed the prevalence of moral disengagement factors in violent video games. To fill this research gap, the present approach includes both a systematic literature review and a content analysis of moral disengagement cues embedded in the narratives and actual game play of 17 top-r…
Factors underlying male and female use of violent video games
Research has consistently shown that males play violent video games more frequently than females, but factors underlying this gender gap have not been examined to date. This approach examines the assumption that males play violent video games more because they anticipate more enjoyment and less guilt from engaging in virtual violence than females. This may be because males are less empathetic, tend to morally justify physical violence more and ha…
Vorwort
SCM Studies in Communication and Media , Seite 3 - 6
Questionable Research and Publication Practices in Communication Science
According to Thomas Kuhn, scientific revolutions always take place in response to anomalous data: When data are presented that do not concur with an established paradigm, the paradigm will shift. W
The Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES)
The study of spatial presence is currently receiving increased attention in both media psychology and communication research. The present paper introduces the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES), a short eight-item self-report measure. The SPES is derived from a process model of spatial presence ( Wirth et al., 2007 , Media Psychology, 9, 493–525), and assesses spatial presence as a two-dimensional construct that comprises a user’s self-loca…
Swine flu and hype
Parasocial Interaction and Parasocial Relationship
Parasocial interaction and parasocial relationship are often conflated conceptually and methodologically, leaving researchers unclear as to which concept is being tapped.This research clarifies these concepts and experimentally compares the most common measure of parasocial interaction, the Parasocial Interaction Scale (PSI-Scale), with a newer measure, the Experience of Parasocial Interaction Scale (EPSI-Scale).Participants (N = 383) viewed a br…
The Role of Cognitive and Affective Challenge in Entertainment Experience
Recent approaches in entertainment research highlight the distinction between hedonic (pleasure-seeking) and eudaimonic (truth-seeking) entertainment experiences. However, insights into the underlying processes that give rise to these different types of entertainment experiences are still scarce. This study examines the assumption that individuals’ entertainment experience varies by the level of cognitive and affective challenge posed by the medi…
Always On? Explicating Impulsive Influences on Media Use
Guido van Koningsbruggen, Tilo Hartmann, and Jie Du, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Many people live in a media-rich environment, where media content and mediated communication options are easily accessible and almost always available independent from time and place. We argue that such a media-rich environment that constantly reminds people of all available media use options can be a strong trigger of impulsive media use. In this chapter, we explic…
Making dilemmas explicit through the use of a cognitive mapping collaboration tool
Psychology (23 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Media Influence and Health (17 obras) · Social Psychology (16 obras) · Art (7 obras) · Epistemology (7 obras) · Media, Gender, and Advertising (7 obras) · Political science (7 obras) · Sociology (7 obras) · Digital Games and Media (6 obras)