Kenneth K Kidd
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 77858 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kenneth K Kidd |
| NOMBRES | Kenneth K |
| APELLIDO | Kidd |
| FIRMA | KIDD K K |
| AFILIACIONES | Yale University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4044-6384 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 48 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1973 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
A Distinctive Pattern of Diversity for the TAS2R38 Gene in North Africa
The TAS2R38 gene is involved in bitter taste perception. This study documents the distinctive diversity patterns in northern Africa of functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs713598 and rs1726866 at the TAS2R38 locus and places those patterns in the context of global TAS2R38 diversity. Data previously genotyped with TaqMan assay were analyzed for rs713598 and rs1726866 for 375 unrelated subjects (305 Tunisians from seven locations: Ma…
A Distinctive Pattern of Diversity for the TAS2R38 Gene in North Africa
The TAS2R38 gene is involved in bitter taste perception. This study documents the distinctive diversity patterns in northern Africa of functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs713598 and rs1726866 at the TAS2R38 locus and places those patterns in the context of global TAS2R38 diversity. Data previously genotyped with TaqMan assay were analyzed for rs713598 and rs1726866 for 375 unrelated subjects (305 Tunisians from seven locations: Ma…
Indian Rock Paintings of the Great Lakes
Genetic variation in Tunisia in the context of human diversity worldwide
OBJECTIVES: North Africa has a complex demographic history of migrations from within Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. However, population genetic studies, especially for autosomal genetic markers, are few relative to other world regions. We examined autosomal markers for eight Tunisian and Libyan populations in order to place them in a global context. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected by TaqMan on 399 autosomal single nucleotide poly…
Mongolians in the Genetic Landscape of Central Asia
Genetic data on North and Central Asian populations are underrepresented in the literature, especially for autosomal markers. In the present study we used 812 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across all the human autosomes and extensively studied at Yale to examine the affinities of two recently collected samples of populations: rural and cosmopolitan Mongolians from Ulaanbaatar and nomadic, Turkic-speaking Tsaatan from Mongolia…
Reconstructing Native American population history
Hunter-gatherer genomic diversity suggests a southern African origin for modern humans
Africa is inferred to be the continent of origin for all modern human populations, but the details of human prehistory and evolution in Africa remain largely obscure owing to the complex histories of hundreds of distinct populations. We present data for more than 580,000 SNPs for several hunter-gatherer populations: the Hadza and Sandawe of Tanzania, and the ≠Khomani Bushmen of South Africa, including speakers of the nearly extinct N|u language. …
Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in Native American populations
Autosomal DNA polymorphisms can provide new information and understanding of both the origins of and relationships among modern Native American populations. At the same time that autosomal markers can be highly informative, they are also susceptible to ascertainment biases in the selection of the markers to use. Identifying markers that can be used for ancestry inference among Native American populations can be considered separate from identifyin…
Selection on the Human Bitter Taste Gene, TAS2R16, in Eurasian Populations
Bitter taste is one of the most important senses alerting humans to noxious foods. In gatherer communities, sensitivity to bitterness is presumably advantageous because of various noxious plants. TAS2R16 is the gene coding the taste receptor molecules for some of the most common toxins in plants. A previous study of this gene indicated selection has increased the frequency of a derived allele in this gene that arose before the human expansion out…
Racing toward the finish line
the noetic dimension is a confounding variable, its variability subsumed into genetic and/or environmental components. From a clinician’s standpoint, the small arena of choice is likely the most powerful fulcrum available for change. The healer’s role is arguably to transform the client’s sense of agency from “insignificant” into a force capable of harnessing and transcending nature and nurture. With choice come responsibility and the realization…
Intelligence, race, and genetics
In this article, the authors argue that the overwhelming portion of the literature on intelligence, race, and genetics is based on folk taxonomies rather than scientific analysis. They suggest that because theorists of intelligence disagree as to what it is, any consideration of its relationships to other constructs must be tentative at best. They further argue that race is a social construction with no scientific definition. Thus, studies of the…
Nuclear integrations of mitochondrial DNA in gorillas
Great ape systematics, particularly at the species level and below, is currently under debate, due in part to the recent influx of molecular data. The phylogenies of previously published mitochondrial control region (or D‐loop) DNA sequences in gorillas show deep splits within West African gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ), and very high levels of nucleotide diversity in this subspecies. Here we demonstrate that several previously reported D‐l…
Genetic Structure of Human Populations
We studied human population structure using genotypes at 377 autosomal microsatellite loci in 1056 individuals from 52 populations. Within-population differences among individuals account for 93 to 95% of genetic variation; differences among major groups constitute only 3 to 5%. Nevertheless, without using prior information about the origins of individuals, we identified six main genetic clusters, five of which correspond to major geographic regi…
Alfred
The deluge of data from the human genome project (HGP) presents new opportunities for molecular anthropologists to study human variation through the promise of vast numbers of new polymorphisms (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs). Collecting the resulting data into a single, easily accessible resource will be important to facilitate this research. We created a prototype Web‐accessible database named ALFRED ( AL elle FRE quency D ataba…
Identifying conservation units within captive chimpanzee populationsA previous version of this paper was awarded the 1995 Sherwood Washburn Prize for a studen-presented paper to A.S.D
One of the primary objectives in the captive management of any endangered primate is to preserve as much as possible the genetic diversity that has evolved and still exists in wild gene pools. The rationale for this is based on the theoretical understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness in response to selection. There remains little consensus, however, as to the type of genetic data that should be used to monitor capti…
Identifying conservation units within captive chimpanzee populations
One of the primary objectives in the captive management of any endangered primate is to preserve as much as possible the genetic diversity that has evolved and still exists in wild gene pools. The rationale for this is based on the theoretical understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness in response to selection. There remains little consensus, however, as to the type of genetic data that should be used to monitor capti…
Experience and Preliminary Results in Human Genome Diversity Research
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Evolution of a Hoxb6 intergenic region within the great apes and humans
Data accumulated over the past decade from several loci suggest that nonhuman primates have a greater amount of intraspecific genetic variation relative to humans. In phylogenetic reconstructions among primates that are based on genetic data, therefore, it becomes essential to adequately sample the population(s) being analyzed. Inadequate sampling may not only underestimate variation within any given population, but such an underestimate may conf…
Genealogy reconstruction from short tandem repeat genotypes in an Amazonian population
We have reconstructed partial genealogies in a sample of 44 SW Amazonian Rondonian Surui, in which 45 dinucleotide short tandem repeat polymorphisms had previously been typed. The genotypes of 488 pairs of individuals having an age difference of 13 or greater were compared, and parentage was excluded if a pair failed to share an allele at more than one locus. In order to test the power of this method, we computed the expected distribution of the …
Hominid phylogeny
Global Patterns of Linkage Disequilibrium at the CD4 Locus and Modern Human Origins
Haplotypes consisting of alleles at a short tandem repeat polymorphism (STRP) and an Alu deletion polymorphism at the CD4 locus on chromosome 12 were analyzed in more than 1600 individuals sampled from 42 geographically dispersed populations (13 African, 2 Middle Eastern, 7 European, 9 Asian, 3 Pacific, and 8 Amerindian). Sub-Saharan African populations had more haplotypes and exhibited more variability in frequencies of haplotypes than the North…
Nucleotide polymorphism, effective population size, and dispersal distances in the yellow baboons (Papio hamadryas cynocephalus) of Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
We investigated genetic variability and population structure in a natural population of yellow baboons (Papio hamadryas cynocephalus) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. The amount of nuclear DNA polymorphism in a random sample of animals from four social groups was estimated by using Southern blotting to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms in five nuclear autosomal loci. The average nucleotide heterozygosity was estimated to be 0.0…
Anthropology's Role in the HGDP
Nuclear DNA polymorphisms in a wild population of yellow baboons ( Papio hamadryas cynocephalus ) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
Yellow baboons ( Papio hamadryas cynocephalus ) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania were studied for polymorphisms in nuclear DNA. The study population consists of four social groups that inhabit overlapping home ranges and exchange males. As a result, these groups are considered to be members of a single interbreeding population. Human DNA clones were used as probes to screen five loci (AT3, REN, HEXB, VIM, and APOB) for restriction fragment len…
Variability in nuclear DNA among nonhuman primates
Nuclear DNA clones and sequence information derived from human genetic analyses were used to detect and characterize intra‐ and inter‐species DNA variation at several nuclear loci in hominoids and cercopithecoids. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms were found at five loci among captive rhesus monkeys. Cross‐species polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification detected an insertion within the beta‐globin gene cluster in hylobatids. The com…
Human genome diversity project
Genetic and evolutionary relationships among Asian Macaques
Evolution of a Hoxb6 intergenic region within the great apes and humans
Data accumulated over the past decade from several loci suggest that nonhuman primates have a greater amount of intraspecific genetic variation relative to humans. In phylogenetic reconstructions among primates that are based on genetic data, therefore, it becomes essential to adequately sample the population(s) being analyzed. Inadequate sampling may not only underestimate variation within any given population, but such an underestimate may conf…
Genetics of a wild population of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
Genetic variability in a population of wild rhesus monkeys near the village of Dunga Gali, Northwest Frontier Province, Pakistan (Melnick et al., Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 63 : 341–360, 1984) was compared to similar variation in other wild‐caught rhesus monkeys. Regional samples of rhesus from different parts of Asia all displayed similar amounts of variation (i.e., P and H i ) and were consistently more variable than the Dunga Gali local populatio…
Alfred
The deluge of data from the human genome project (HGP) presents new opportunities for molecular anthropologists to study human variation through the promise of vast numbers of new polymorphisms (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs). Collecting the resulting data into a single, easily accessible resource will be important to facilitate this research. We created a prototype Web‐accessible database named ALFRED ( AL elle FRE quency D ataba…
Hominid phylogeny
Mongolians in the Genetic Landscape of Central Asia
Genetic data on North and Central Asian populations are underrepresented in the literature, especially for autosomal markers. In the present study we used 812 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across all the human autosomes and extensively studied at Yale to examine the affinities of two recently collected samples of populations: rural and cosmopolitan Mongolians from Ulaanbaatar and nomadic, Turkic-speaking Tsaatan from Mongolia…
Selection on the Human Bitter Taste Gene, TAS2R16, in Eurasian Populations
Bitter taste is one of the most important senses alerting humans to noxious foods. In gatherer communities, sensitivity to bitterness is presumably advantageous because of various noxious plants. TAS2R16 is the gene coding the taste receptor molecules for some of the most common toxins in plants. A previous study of this gene indicated selection has increased the frequency of a derived allele in this gene that arose before the human expansion out…
Genetic variation in Tunisia in the context of human diversity worldwide
OBJECTIVES: North Africa has a complex demographic history of migrations from within Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. However, population genetic studies, especially for autosomal genetic markers, are few relative to other world regions. We examined autosomal markers for eight Tunisian and Libyan populations in order to place them in a global context. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected by TaqMan on 399 autosomal single nucleotide poly…
Racing toward the finish line
the noetic dimension is a confounding variable, its variability subsumed into genetic and/or environmental components. From a clinician’s standpoint, the small arena of choice is likely the most powerful fulcrum available for change. The healer’s role is arguably to transform the client’s sense of agency from “insignificant” into a force capable of harnessing and transcending nature and nurture. With choice come responsibility and the realization…
An analysis of the genetics of schizophrenia
Data on the inheritance of schizophrenia indicate that both genetics and environment contribute importantly to the manifestation of the disease. However, heterogeneity of the data makes an accurate analysis very difficult. In this paper, a crude analysis of a threshold model, using a polygenic or a single gene hypothesis, shows that both are in approximate agreement with the data. Though argument about genetic models seems futile when virtually a…
The effects of variable age‐of‐onset and diagnostic criteria on the estimates of linkage
Three pedigrees were selected from the literature for their compatibility with the hypothesis of linkage between the X-chromosome marker color blindness and bipolar affective disorder. We compared the results of linkage analyses of these pedigrees when both penetrance function and diagnostic classification were varied. The analyses show that the incorporation of age-of-onset information into a penetrance function significantly increased the evide…
An analysis of the genetics of schizophrenia
Data on the inheritance of schizophrenia indicate that both genetics and environment contribute importantly to the manifestation of the disease. However, heterogeneity of the data makes an accurate analysis very difficult. In this paper, a crude analysis of a threshold model, using a polygenic or a single gene hypothesis, shows that both are in approximate agreement with the data. Though argument about genetic models seems futile when virtually a…
The genetics of a wild population of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ). I. Genetic variability within and between social groups
One hundred and eighty‐nine members (86%) of five social groups in a small population of rhesus monkeys in the Himalayan foothills of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan were trapped and blood samples were drawn. Each individual's plasma and red‐cell hemolysate were screened for variation at 35 structural loci. Considerable genetic variation was found within the population (proportion of polymorphic loci = 0.143; average heterozygosity pe…
Genetic and evolutionary relationships among Asian Macaques
Genetic and evolutionary relationships among Asian Macaques
Genetics of a wild population of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
Genetic variability in a population of wild rhesus monkeys near the village of Dunga Gali, Northwest Frontier Province, Pakistan (Melnick et al., Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 63 : 341–360, 1984) was compared to similar variation in other wild‐caught rhesus monkeys. Regional samples of rhesus from different parts of Asia all displayed similar amounts of variation (i.e., P and H i ) and were consistently more variable than the Dunga Gali local populatio…
Trials and tribulations in the search for genes causing neuropsychiatric disorders
Variability in nuclear DNA among nonhuman primates
Nuclear DNA clones and sequence information derived from human genetic analyses were used to detect and characterize intra‐ and inter‐species DNA variation at several nuclear loci in hominoids and cercopithecoids. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms were found at five loci among captive rhesus monkeys. Cross‐species polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification detected an insertion within the beta‐globin gene cluster in hylobatids. The com…
Human genome diversity project
Nuclear DNA polymorphisms in a wild population of yellow baboons ( Papio hamadryas cynocephalus ) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
Yellow baboons ( Papio hamadryas cynocephalus ) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania were studied for polymorphisms in nuclear DNA. The study population consists of four social groups that inhabit overlapping home ranges and exchange males. As a result, these groups are considered to be members of a single interbreeding population. Human DNA clones were used as probes to screen five loci (AT3, REN, HEXB, VIM, and APOB) for restriction fragment len…
Global Patterns of Linkage Disequilibrium at the CD4 Locus and Modern Human Origins
Haplotypes consisting of alleles at a short tandem repeat polymorphism (STRP) and an Alu deletion polymorphism at the CD4 locus on chromosome 12 were analyzed in more than 1600 individuals sampled from 42 geographically dispersed populations (13 African, 2 Middle Eastern, 7 European, 9 Asian, 3 Pacific, and 8 Amerindian). Sub-Saharan African populations had more haplotypes and exhibited more variability in frequencies of haplotypes than the North…
Nucleotide polymorphism, effective population size, and dispersal distances in the yellow baboons (Papio hamadryas cynocephalus) of Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
We investigated genetic variability and population structure in a natural population of yellow baboons (Papio hamadryas cynocephalus) from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. The amount of nuclear DNA polymorphism in a random sample of animals from four social groups was estimated by using Southern blotting to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms in five nuclear autosomal loci. The average nucleotide heterozygosity was estimated to be 0.0…
Anthropology's Role in the HGDP
Hominid phylogeny
Experience and Preliminary Results in Human Genome Diversity Research
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Evolution of a Hoxb6 intergenic region within the great apes and humans
Data accumulated over the past decade from several loci suggest that nonhuman primates have a greater amount of intraspecific genetic variation relative to humans. In phylogenetic reconstructions among primates that are based on genetic data, therefore, it becomes essential to adequately sample the population(s) being analyzed. Inadequate sampling may not only underestimate variation within any given population, but such an underestimate may conf…
Genealogy reconstruction from short tandem repeat genotypes in an Amazonian population
We have reconstructed partial genealogies in a sample of 44 SW Amazonian Rondonian Surui, in which 45 dinucleotide short tandem repeat polymorphisms had previously been typed. The genotypes of 488 pairs of individuals having an age difference of 13 or greater were compared, and parentage was excluded if a pair failed to share an allele at more than one locus. In order to test the power of this method, we computed the expected distribution of the …
Identifying conservation units within captive chimpanzee populationsA previous version of this paper was awarded the 1995 Sherwood Washburn Prize for a studen-presented paper to A.S.D
One of the primary objectives in the captive management of any endangered primate is to preserve as much as possible the genetic diversity that has evolved and still exists in wild gene pools. The rationale for this is based on the theoretical understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness in response to selection. There remains little consensus, however, as to the type of genetic data that should be used to monitor capti…
Identifying conservation units within captive chimpanzee populations
One of the primary objectives in the captive management of any endangered primate is to preserve as much as possible the genetic diversity that has evolved and still exists in wild gene pools. The rationale for this is based on the theoretical understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness in response to selection. There remains little consensus, however, as to the type of genetic data that should be used to monitor capti…
Genetic Structure of Human Populations
We studied human population structure using genotypes at 377 autosomal microsatellite loci in 1056 individuals from 52 populations. Within-population differences among individuals account for 93 to 95% of genetic variation; differences among major groups constitute only 3 to 5%. Nevertheless, without using prior information about the origins of individuals, we identified six main genetic clusters, five of which correspond to major geographic regi…
Alfred
The deluge of data from the human genome project (HGP) presents new opportunities for molecular anthropologists to study human variation through the promise of vast numbers of new polymorphisms (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs). Collecting the resulting data into a single, easily accessible resource will be important to facilitate this research. We created a prototype Web‐accessible database named ALFRED ( AL elle FRE quency D ataba…
Nuclear integrations of mitochondrial DNA in gorillas
Great ape systematics, particularly at the species level and below, is currently under debate, due in part to the recent influx of molecular data. The phylogenies of previously published mitochondrial control region (or D‐loop) DNA sequences in gorillas show deep splits within West African gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ), and very high levels of nucleotide diversity in this subspecies. Here we demonstrate that several previously reported D‐l…
Intelligence, race, and genetics
In this article, the authors argue that the overwhelming portion of the literature on intelligence, race, and genetics is based on folk taxonomies rather than scientific analysis. They suggest that because theorists of intelligence disagree as to what it is, any consideration of its relationships to other constructs must be tentative at best. They further argue that race is a social construction with no scientific definition. Thus, studies of the…
Racing toward the finish line
the noetic dimension is a confounding variable, its variability subsumed into genetic and/or environmental components. From a clinician’s standpoint, the small arena of choice is likely the most powerful fulcrum available for change. The healer’s role is arguably to transform the client’s sense of agency from “insignificant” into a force capable of harnessing and transcending nature and nurture. With choice come responsibility and the realization…
Biology (27 obras) · Evolutionary biology (23 obras) · Gene (23 obras) · Genetics (19 obras) · Genetics (18 obras) · Population (15 obras) · Sociology (12 obras) · Allele (11 obras) · Demography (11 obras) · Genotype (10 obras)