Wendy Hunter
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 797795 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Wendy Hunter |
| NOMBRES | Wendy |
| APELLIDO | Hunter |
| FIRMA | HUNTER W |
| AFILIACIONES | The University of Texas at Austin |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5621-8402 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 917 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 49 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1994 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
Going the Last Mile
The state’s reach across societal groups is often uneven. Lacking documents that provide official proof of age and identity, many elderly people in countries of the Global South have long resided in the blind spot of states, especially if they are poor, indigenous, live in rural areas, and have labored outside the formal sector. How can states go the last mile and build informational capacity by incorporating particularly marginalized groups? Wha…
Lula's Second Act
A highly polarized Brazilian electorate went to the polls in October 2022. Workers' Party candidate and former president (2003–2010) Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva narrowly defeated far-right incumbent president Jair Bolsonaro, while unprecedented numbers of right-wing candidates won seats for the National Congress as well as governorships across Brazil. Constitutionalism prevailed, defying concerns that the illiberal Bolsonaro would reject an elector…
Denationalization in the Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic retroactively stripped thousands of Dominico-Haitians of their Dominican citizenship yet managed to defuse international opprobrium over time. After a direct assault on people’s citizenship status in 2013 provoked the human rights community’s ire, the DR employed administrative obstructionism to maneuver around human rights activism and institutions. Policies instituted in 2014 appeared to offer a pathway for Dominico-Haiti…
Populism and the military
Populist politicians surrounded by military allies are a frequent sight in countries that have experienced democratic backsliding. Populists sometimes seek protection in the military, who in turn leverage the relationship to advance their own interests. Despite the recent wave of populism, the burgeoning literature on it has not devoted due attention to analysing the populist-military relationship; its origins, outcomes, and tensions. This articl…
How family and child cash transfers can empower women
By leveraging a comparison of Brazil’s Bolsa Família and South Africa’s Child Support Grant, this article probes whether and how income transfer programs enhance the standing of women recipients. Empowerment is assessed according to economic decision making, bodily protection and integrity, and psycho-social wellbeing and growth. The comparative analysis determines that regular income assistance boosts the self-esteem and agency of women recipien…
Do Conditional Cash Transfers Empower Women? Insights from Brazil's Bolsa Família
Conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) have emerged as an important social welfare innovation across the Global South in the last two decades. That poor mothers are typically the primary recipients of the grants renders easy, but not necessarily correct, the notion that CCTs empower women. This article assesses the relationship between the world's largest CCT, Brazil's Bolsa Família, and women's empowerment. To systematize and interpret existi…
Identity Documents, Welfare Enhancement, and Group Empowerment in the Global South
Having a birth certificate is a stepping stone to acquiring an array of rights and benefits, including other documents necessary to navigate in and outside of one’s home country. Despite a birth certificate’s importance, many children in the developing world never obtain one. Whether a person does so or not often depends on ethnicity, race, gender, and age. With the rights of individuals as well as groups in mind, this article examines some of th…
Undocumented Nationals
Understood simply, people are either citizens of a country or stateless. Yet reality belies this dichotomy. Between absolute statelessness and full citizenship exist millions of people who are nationals of a country in principle but lack the identity documents to prove it, beginning with a birth certificate. Languishing in a gray zone, undocumented nationals have difficulty accessing the full services and rights that their documented counterparts…
Bolsonaro and Brazil's Illiberal Backlash
On 28 October 2018, far-right populist Jair Bolsonaro captured Brazil's presidency following a highly polarized runoff election against Workers' Party (PT) candidate Fernando Haddad. Multiple crises that have afflicted Brazil since 2013 and the blame Brazilians cast on establishment parties for these travails gave Bolsonaro his opening. Yet while prolonged economic recession, unprecedented corruption, and escalating crime rendered the PT and othe…
Brazilian Propaganda
From Right to Left in Brazil's Northeast
Making the Newest Citizens
Identity documentation is essential to secure the rights, benefits, and services that modern states provide. Historically, significant numbers of poor Brazilians lacked core documents, beginning with a birth certificate. In recent years the government has conducted a campaign to rectify this situation. We explore why the state left so many Brazilians without a birth certificate previously and why it became intent on registering all births, as ref…
Formalizing safety nets and the requirements to obtain them
Having a birth certificate is a stepping stone to acquiring an array of rights and benefits, including other documents necessary to navigate in and outside of one’s home country. Despite its importance, many children in the developing world never obtain a birth certificate. Whether one does so or not often depends on ethnicity, race, gender, and age. This working paper examines some of the crucial causes and consequences of not acquiring this key…
Brazilian Propaganda
Documents, Please
A birth certificate is essential to exercising citizenship, yet vast numbers of poor people in developing countries have no official record of their existence. Few academic studies analyze the conditions under which governments come to document and certify births routinely, and those that do leave much to be explained, including why nontotalitarian governments at low to middle levels of economic development come to prioritize birth registration. …
The Heterogeneity of Middle-Age Australians' Retirement Plans
Retirement is an important phase in people's lives. Life after retirement is less likely to be healthy and satisfying without planning. This study investigated retirement planning patterns among middle-age Australians and the relationships between these patterns and demographics, problem-solving skills, attitudes toward the future, and the presence of long-term illness. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a random sample of Australians a…
Transforming Subjects into Citizens
Welfare programs distribute benefits to citizens. Perhaps even more importantly, by conveying powerful messages about how the state views poor people, welfare programs shape people’s views about themselves as subjects or citizens. Theoretical debates on how public policies can enhance democratic citizenship inspire our study of Brazil’s Bolsa Família (Family Grant). Has this conditional cash transfer program, which forms a major point of contact …
Making Citizens
This article compares and contrasts two important phases of social incorporation in Brazil: (i) an early punctuated period that integrated formal sector workers and civil servants under President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945) and (ii) a later more extended sequence that strived to include the informal sector poor, beginning with the military regime (1964–1985), gaining momentum with the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and the presidency of Fernando Henr…
Gender differences in the influence of food safety and health concerns on dietary and physical activity habits
Democracy and the Left
Whither Clientelism? Good Governance and Brazil's Bolsa Família Program
Similar but different. Health behaviour pathways differ between men and women
The 2010 elections in Brazil
Impact of living arrangements and nationality on food habits and nutrient intakes in young adults
Leftist Governments in Latin America
Can Latin America's 'new left' stimulate economic development, enhance social equity, and deepen democracy in spite of the economic and political constraints it faces? This is the first book to systematically examine the policies and performance of the left-wing governments that have risen to power in Latin America during the last decade. Featuring thorough studies of Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Venezuela by renowned experts, the volume argues th…
Bolsonaro and Brazil's Illiberal Backlash
On 28 October 2018, far-right populist Jair Bolsonaro captured Brazil's presidency following a highly polarized runoff election against Workers' Party (PT) candidate Fernando Haddad. Multiple crises that have afflicted Brazil since 2013 and the blame Brazilians cast on establishment parties for these travails gave Bolsonaro his opening. Yet while prolonged economic recession, unprecedented corruption, and escalating crime rendered the PT and othe…
The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999
Empirical studies measuring the impact of globalization on social spending have appeared recently in leading journals. This study seeks to improve upon previous work by (1) employing a more sophisticated and comprehensive measure of financial openness; (2) using a more accurate measure of trade openness based on purchasing power parities; and (3) relying on social spending data that are more complete than those used by previous studies on Latin A…
Democracy and Social Spending in Latin America, 1980-92
What is the effect of regime type on public expenditures for social programs? We investigate the relationship between democracy and the change in social spending-controlling for GDP, the debt, inflation, and age structure of the population-through a time-series cross-sectional panel data set for 17 Latin American countries from 1980 to 1992. The results show that, especially in poor countries during economic crisis, democracies increase the alloc…
Democracy and Human Capital Formation
This article examines the relationship between democratic representation and spending on education in Latin America. The authors assess the impact that democracy has on the distribution of resources between different levels of schooling and on total spending on education. Specifically, they test whether democratic governments allocate a greater share of resources to primary education, the level that benefits the largest segment of the electorate …
Rewarding Lula
This article analyzes Luiz Inácio da Silva's resounding reelection victory in the wake of corruption scandals implicating his party and government. Voters with lower levels of economic security and schooling played a critical role in returning Lula to the presidency. Least prone to punish the president for corruption, poorer Brazilians were also the most readily persuaded by the provision of material benefits. Minimum wage increases and the incom…
The Normalization of an Anomaly
Drawing on historical and rational choice institutionalism, this article seeks to explain the evolution of the Workers' Party as it moved from opposition to government between 1989 and 2002. The Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), a once radical and programmatic party, came to look more like its catchall competitors over time. This shift resulted from the heightened emphasis placed on immediate vote maximization after Brazil's adoption of market refo…
Transforming Subjects into Citizens
Welfare programs distribute benefits to citizens. Perhaps even more importantly, by conveying powerful messages about how the state views poor people, welfare programs shape people’s views about themselves as subjects or citizens. Theoretical debates on how public policies can enhance democratic citizenship inspire our study of Brazil’s Bolsa Família (Family Grant). Has this conditional cash transfer program, which forms a major point of contact …
Whither Clientelism? Good Governance and Brazil's Bolsa Família Program
Populism and the military
Populist politicians surrounded by military allies are a frequent sight in countries that have experienced democratic backsliding. Populists sometimes seek protection in the military, who in turn leverage the relationship to advance their own interests. Despite the recent wave of populism, the burgeoning literature on it has not devoted due attention to analysing the populist-military relationship; its origins, outcomes, and tensions. This articl…
Documents, Please
A birth certificate is essential to exercising citizenship, yet vast numbers of poor people in developing countries have no official record of their existence. Few academic studies analyze the conditions under which governments come to document and certify births routinely, and those that do leave much to be explained, including why nontotalitarian governments at low to middle levels of economic development come to prioritize birth registration. …
World Bank Directives, Domestic Interests, and the Politics of Human Capital Investment in Latin America
Recent studies underscore the importance of international organizations in transmitting norms, ideas, and values to developing countries. But has this diffusion influenced government policy in less developed countries? During the past two decades, the World Bank has emphasized the need for Third World governments to increase the stock of human capital by investing in education and health. Specifically, it has encouraged developing countries to sh…
Democracy and Social Policy in Brazil
Has democracy promoted poverty alleviation and equity-enhancing reforms in Brazil, a country of striking inequality and destitution? The effects of an open, competitive political system have not been straightforward. Factors that would seem to work toward this goal include the voting power of poor people, the progressive 1988 Constitution, the activism of social movements, and governance since 1995 by presidents affiliated with center-left and le…
Negotiating Civil-Military Relations in Post-Authoritarian Argentina and Chile
This article invokes game theory to analyze civilian attempts to push back military influence in two countries where the armed forces have enjoyed strikingly dissimilar levels of power and privilege after the transition of democracy: Argentina and Chile. It finds that civilian governments in both countries have managed to make progress in challenging military prerogatives. But they have made relatively more progress in areas unrelated to human ri…
Making Citizens
This article compares and contrasts two important phases of social incorporation in Brazil: (i) an early punctuated period that integrated formal sector workers and civil servants under President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945) and (ii) a later more extended sequence that strived to include the informal sector poor, beginning with the military regime (1964–1985), gaining momentum with the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and the presidency of Fernando Henr…
Politicians against Soldiers
Many Latin American countries returned to civilian rule in the 1980s and 1990s after being governed by the military for much of the previous two decades. How the military conducts itself in the current period critically affects whether democracy can develop and become robust in these countries. Where the armed forces play an active role in politics, they limit popular sovereignty, the guiding principle of democracy. As civilian rule enters its se…
Continuity or Change? Civil-Military Relations in Democratic Argentina, Chile, and Peru
Have the armed forces maintained their influence in Latin America's new democracies? Or has the reinstallation of free political competition diminished their political clout? Have overbearing militaries tightly constrained popular sovereignty? Or have democratic responsiveness and accountability extended into wider spheres of political life and reduced military influence? These questions are of crucial importance for the future of the fledgling c…
From Right to Left in Brazil's Northeast
Making the Newest Citizens
Identity documentation is essential to secure the rights, benefits, and services that modern states provide. Historically, significant numbers of poor Brazilians lacked core documents, beginning with a birth certificate. In recent years the government has conducted a campaign to rectify this situation. We explore why the state left so many Brazilians without a birth certificate previously and why it became intent on registering all births, as ref…
Lula's Brazil at Midterm
This article assesses the Lula government at midterm. The PT-led government has steered a surprisingly orthodox course in economics, social policy and party politics in light of the factors that led it to victory in 2002, namely, the PT's critique of the economic and social models promoted by the Cardoso administration, its reputation as untainted by corruption and clientelism, and Lula's close personal identification with the plight of the poor.…
How family and child cash transfers can empower women
By leveraging a comparison of Brazil’s Bolsa Família and South Africa’s Child Support Grant, this article probes whether and how income transfer programs enhance the standing of women recipients. Empowerment is assessed according to economic decision making, bodily protection and integrity, and psycho-social wellbeing and growth. The comparative analysis determines that regular income assistance boosts the self-esteem and agency of women recipien…
Lula's Second Act
A highly polarized Brazilian electorate went to the polls in October 2022. Workers' Party candidate and former president (2003–2010) Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva narrowly defeated far-right incumbent president Jair Bolsonaro, while unprecedented numbers of right-wing candidates won seats for the National Congress as well as governorships across Brazil. Constitutionalism prevailed, defying concerns that the illiberal Bolsonaro would reject an elector…
Impact of living arrangements and nationality on food habits and nutrient intakes in young adults
The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980-1999
Latin America's Lost Illusions
Does the presidential inauguration of Workers' Party candidate Luis Inácio “Lula” da Silva signal a historic shift in Brazilian politics? What are the implications of a Lula-led government for democracy in Brazil? This article interprets the 2002 elections in the context of a broader assessment of the state of Brazilian democracy. It highlights important aspects of change while acknowledging significant points of continuity, and affirms the stabi…
Market structures, political institutions, and democratization
This article develops a structural and institutional framework for exploring the prospects for stable democracy in Latin America and Eastern Europe. Its guiding premise is that democratic consolidation hinges on the willingness of societal actors to use the party system as their primary medium of interest articulation. The structural analysis examines how the resources of agents in different socioeconomic systems influence their affinity for part…
Contradictions of civilian control
The Brazilian military after the Cold War
Politicians against Soldiers
Many Latin American countries returned to civilian rule in the 1980s and 1990s after being governed by the military for much of the previous two decades. How the military conducts itself in the current period critically affects whether democracy can develop and become robust in these countries. Where the armed forces play an active role in politics, they limit popular sovereignty, the guiding principle of democracy. As civilian rule enters its se…
Market structures, political institutions, and democratization
This article develops a structural and institutional framework for exploring the prospects for stable democracy in Latin America and Eastern Europe. Its guiding premise is that democratic consolidation hinges on the willingness of societal actors to use the party system as their primary medium of interest articulation. The structural analysis examines how the resources of agents in different socioeconomic systems influence their affinity for part…
Continuity or Change? Civil-Military Relations in Democratic Argentina, Chile, and Peru
Have the armed forces maintained their influence in Latin America's new democracies? Or has the reinstallation of free political competition diminished their political clout? Have overbearing militaries tightly constrained popular sovereignty? Or have democratic responsiveness and accountability extended into wider spheres of political life and reduced military influence? These questions are of crucial importance for the future of the fledgling c…
People in Political Science
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Negotiating Civil-Military Relations in Post-Authoritarian Argentina and Chile
This article invokes game theory to analyze civilian attempts to push back military influence in two countries where the armed forces have enjoyed strikingly dissimilar levels of power and privilege after the transition of democracy: Argentina and Chile. It finds that civilian governments in both countries have managed to make progress in challenging military prerogatives. But they have made relatively more progress in areas unrelated to human ri…
Eroding Military Influence in Brazil
The Dirty War and Its Aftermath
and murdered at 198
Democracy and Social Spending in Latin America, 1980-92
What is the effect of regime type on public expenditures for social programs? We investigate the relationship between democracy and the change in social spending-controlling for GDP, the debt, inflation, and age structure of the population-through a time-series cross-sectional panel data set for 17 Latin American countries from 1980 to 1992. The results show that, especially in poor countries during economic crisis, democracies increase the alloc…
World Bank Directives, Domestic Interests, and the Politics of Human Capital Investment in Latin America
Recent studies underscore the importance of international organizations in transmitting norms, ideas, and values to developing countries. But has this diffusion influenced government policy in less developed countries? During the past two decades, the World Bank has emphasized the need for Third World governments to increase the stock of human capital by investing in education and health. Specifically, it has encouraged developing countries to sh…
Latin America's Lost Illusions
Does the presidential inauguration of Workers' Party candidate Luis Inácio “Lula” da Silva signal a historic shift in Brazilian politics? What are the implications of a Lula-led government for democracy in Brazil? This article interprets the 2002 elections in the context of a broader assessment of the state of Brazilian democracy. It highlights important aspects of change while acknowledging significant points of continuity, and affirms the stabi…
Democracy and Human Capital Formation
This article examines the relationship between democratic representation and spending on education in Latin America. The authors assess the impact that democracy has on the distribution of resources between different levels of schooling and on total spending on education. Specifically, they test whether democratic governments allocate a greater share of resources to primary education, the level that benefits the largest segment of the electorate …
Lula's Brazil at Midterm
This article assesses the Lula government at midterm. The PT-led government has steered a surprisingly orthodox course in economics, social policy and party politics in light of the factors that led it to victory in 2002, namely, the PT's critique of the economic and social models promoted by the Cardoso administration, its reputation as untainted by corruption and clientelism, and Lula's close personal identification with the plight of the poor.…
The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980-1999
The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999
Empirical studies measuring the impact of globalization on social spending have appeared recently in leading journals. This study seeks to improve upon previous work by (1) employing a more sophisticated and comprehensive measure of financial openness; (2) using a more accurate measure of trade openness based on purchasing power parities; and (3) relying on social spending data that are more complete than those used by previous studies on Latin A…
The Normalization of an Anomaly
Drawing on historical and rational choice institutionalism, this article seeks to explain the evolution of the Workers' Party as it moved from opposition to government between 1989 and 2002. The Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), a once radical and programmatic party, came to look more like its catchall competitors over time. This shift resulted from the heightened emphasis placed on immediate vote maximization after Brazil's adoption of market refo…
Rewarding Lula
This article analyzes Luiz Inácio da Silva's resounding reelection victory in the wake of corruption scandals implicating his party and government. Voters with lower levels of economic security and schooling played a critical role in returning Lula to the presidency. Least prone to punish the president for corruption, poorer Brazilians were also the most readily persuaded by the provision of material benefits. Minimum wage increases and the incom…
Is the perception of time pressure a barrier to healthy eating and physical activity among women
Objectives To describe the proportion of women reporting time is a barrier to healthy eating and physical activity, the characteristics of these women and the perceived causes of time pressure, and to examine associations between perceptions of time as a barrier and consumption of fruit, vegetables and fast food, and physical activity. Design A cross-sectional survey of food intake, physical activity and perceived causes of time pressure. Setting…
Understanding the older food consumer. Present day behaviours and future expectations
Women's work. Maintaining a healthy body weight
Democracy and Social Policy in Brazil
Has democracy promoted poverty alleviation and equity-enhancing reforms in Brazil, a country of striking inequality and destitution? The effects of an open, competitive political system have not been straightforward. Factors that would seem to work toward this goal include the voting power of poor people, the progressive 1988 Constitution, the activism of social movements, and governance since 1995 by presidents affiliated with center-left and le…
Leftist Governments in Latin America
Can Latin America's 'new left' stimulate economic development, enhance social equity, and deepen democracy in spite of the economic and political constraints it faces? This is the first book to systematically examine the policies and performance of the left-wing governments that have risen to power in Latin America during the last decade. Featuring thorough studies of Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Venezuela by renowned experts, the volume argues th…
The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009
Drawing on historical institutionalism and strategic frameworks, this book analyzes the evolution of the Workers' Party between 1989, the year of Lula's first presidential bid, and 2009, when his second presidential term entered its final stretch. The book's primary purpose is to understand why and how the once-radical Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) moderated the programmatic positions it endorsed and adopted other aspects of a more catch-all ele…
Does food planning mediate the association between living arrangements and fruit and vegetable consumption among women aged 40 years and older
The objective of this paper was to investigate whether food planning strategies mediate the association between living arrangements and fruit and vegetable consumption amongst women aged 40 years and over. A community sample of 473 women aged 40 years and over from metropolitan Melbourne, Australia, provided survey data on their living arrangements, education, fruit and vegetable consumption and the amount of food planning they undertake. Fruit a…
Political science (40 obras) · Politics (30 obras) · Law (29 obras) · Sociology (27 obras) · Economics (24 obras) · Democracy (17 obras) · Political economy (17 obras) · Law (16 obras) · Latin Americans (15 obras) · Politics and Society in Latin America (14 obras)