Bennett Dyke
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 81596 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Bennett Dyke |
| NOMBRES | Bennett |
| APELLIDO | Dyke |
| FIRMA | DYKE B |
| AFILIACIONES | Texas Biomedical Research Institute |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1970 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2006 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Common set of genes regulates low‐density lipoprotein size and obesity‐related factors in Alaskan Eskimos
Increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease in traditionally low‐risk Alaskan Eskimos is a cause for concern. The purpose of this study was to examine the genetic and environmental correlations of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions with obesity‐related factors in Alaskan Eskimos, using data from the first 954 participants of the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives Study. Estimates of genetic and environmental influenc…
Genetics and caging type affect birth weight in captive pigtailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina )
The heritability of birth weight was estimated in 3,562 captive pigtailed macaques using 30 years of breeding and pedigree records. Based on a pedigree of over 12,000 animals, quantitative genetic analyses were performed using statistical variance decomposition methods. The model included additive genetic effects, cytoplasmic genetic effects, birth environment, shared maternal environment, and unmeasured environmental effects. The results demonst…
Demography and pedigree structure of an SPF colony of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
The SPF rhesus colony at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Bastrop, Texas, was analyzed with the aim of determining the demographic and genetic effects of stringent selection for virus‐free breeders, permanent quarantine, continued surveillance, and culling of animals that show evidence of viral infection. The analysis shows minimal effects on population viability and loss of genetic variability in comparison with the traditionally managed (non‐…
Genetics of adult body mass and maintenance of adult body mass in captive baboons (Papio hamadryas subspecies)
Adult body mass and changes in mass during an individual's life are important indicators of general health and reproductive fitness. Therefore, characterization of the factors that influence normal variation in body mass has important implications for colony management and husbandry. The main objective of this study was to quantify the genetic contribution to adult body mass and its maintenance in baboons. Intra-individual mean and variance in bo…
Model life table for captive chimpanzees
Mortality statistics from three captive populations of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) were combined to generate standard model life tables for each sex in this species. The model is compared to an estimate of survivorship of a group of wild animals, and is applied to an incomplete data set to illustrate how the model may be used to extend estimates of mortality statistics to missing older ages. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Model life tables for the larger old world monkeys
We report a change in the method of averaging parameters of the Siler mortality model fitted to a series of Old World monkey survivorship schedules. Substitution of geometric for arithmetic means of multipliers of exponential terms avoids incorrect weighting of parameters. These changes have minor effects on the composite standard mortality schedule for these animals originally described in 1988. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Model life tables for the smaller new world monkeys
Mortality statistics from five populations of small New World monkeys (includinsg Callithrix jaccus, Leontopithecus rosalia, Saguinus fuscicollis , and Saguinus oedipus ) were combined to generate a standard model life table reflecting the mortality patterns of these primates. The model is applied to three individual populations to illustrate a strategy for smoothing and interpolating mortality statistics of varying completeness and quality. © 19…
Basic data standards for primate colonies
A set of simple standards has been developed to ease the task of transferring primate colony data between institutions and computers, and to assure that colony vital statistics are appropriate for demographic and genetic analyses. The standards have been designed to be easily and inexpensively implemented from existing databases, and also may serve as a guide to the setup of new colony record‐keeping systems. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Issues in genetic research on nonhuman primates
The genetic demography of a chimpanzee colony
Chimpanzees used for biomedical research must be bred in captivity because of restrictions on importation. Because they are large and expensive animals, population sizes at breeding facilities are limited. This implies that inbreeding at some level is inevitable and that genetic management techniques should be employed to minimize matings between related individuals. The purpose of this paper is to consider the genetic history of the chimpanzee c…
Genetic differentiation between baboon subspecies
The use of common names which may encompass a number of subspecies or species is pervasive in the biomedical literature. Failure to identify the complete taxonomic classification of research subjects presents a source of error for scientists attempting to evaluate results or to repeat experiments. This paper examines the problem in a common animal model, the baboon. Analyses of the genetic distances among five baboon subspecies ( Papio hamadryas …
Model life tables for the larger old world monkeys
Mortality statistics for 25 populations of the larger Old World monkeys (members of the subfamily Cercopithecinae ) were evaluated with a competing hazard model of mortality. The best eight of these life tables were combined to generate a standard model life table representative of the mortality patterns of these primates. Two applications of the standard model to smooth, graduate, and compare life tables based on limited and defective data are p…
American Society of Primatologists Membership List
A demographic analysis of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Center rhesus colony, 1962–1982
A detailed demographic analysis was made of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center rhesus colony from vital statistics recorded over a 20‐year period. Techniques used were based on demographic and epidemiological methods developed for human populations, which provide the potential for making standardized measurements within captive primate colonies. A life table based on 1,086 deaths showed an abnormally high survivorship at the older age…
Estimating Mortality Level for Small Populations
A pair of two-census methods of estimating mortality levels are tested with simulated census data. The populations considered range in size from 250 to 1500 individuals of each sex; censuses were taken at intervals of five and ten years. In general, the methods are resistant to bias, and yield variances similar in magnitude to those obtained using vital registration data and life table techniques for censored data. The two-census methods represen…
Estimation of random isonymy
An estimate of the proportion of marriages isonymous due to random mating is given which, unlike the method of Crow and Mange, takes into account the effects of marital propinquity and age difference between spouses. When applied to a small Caribbean population, this measure is significantly different from the Crow/Mange estimate, and leads to a quite different conclusion about the relative magnitudes of random and non-random inbreeding
A Simulation Approach to the Measurement of Change in Ceramic Frequency Seriation
This paper examines the problems encountered by users of ceramic frequency seriation in distinguishing chronologically meaningful trends from the background stochastic “noise” inherent in all ceramic assemblages. Aspects of manufacture, breakage and discard behavior are found to be important in the creation of “noise” in the archaeological record. A computerized model (POTS), which simulates both chronological changes and background “noise” in th…
Computer Simulation in Anthropology
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
Assortative mate choice and mating opportunity on Sanday, Orkney Islands
A method is presented for the analysis of deviations from random mating. Kinship, demographic, social, and spatial characteristics observed among married couples have been compared with the distributions expected if mates were chosen at random from all possible pairs of mates. This procedure has been used to investigate both failure to mate and patterns of assortative mating for cohorts born on Sanday, Orkney Islands, between 1885 and 1924. Diffe…
Computer Simulation in Human Population Studies
Computer Simulation in Human Population Studies
On the minimum size of endogamous populations
The survival of small endogamous human populations is investigated by computer simulation. It is shown that (1) populations practicing strict monogamy with no extramarital pregnancy are less likely to survive as endogamous groups than are those in which marriage is not a prerequisite for childbearing ; (2) low fertility—low mortality populations can survive with fewer individuals than can populations subject to high fertility and mortality; (3) a…
Measuring Marriage Preference
Estimation of vital rates by means of monte carlo simulation
Monte Carlo simulation has been used to estimate age-specific fertility and mortality rates for a small population,the French-derived isolate of Northside on St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Estimates were based on data collected in a household census and genealogical survey and on birth, death, and marriage records for the years 1916to 1966. During this 50-year period (in which the population size increased from 202 to 657), the numbers of birt…
Potential mates in a small human population
On the minimum size of endogamous populations
The survival of small endogamous human populations is investigated by computer simulation. It is shown that (1) populations practicing strict monogamy with no extramarital pregnancy are less likely to survive as endogamous groups than are those in which marriage is not a prerequisite for childbearing ; (2) low fertility—low mortality populations can survive with fewer individuals than can populations subject to high fertility and mortality; (3) a…
Potential mates in a small human population
A Simulation Approach to the Measurement of Change in Ceramic Frequency Seriation
This paper examines the problems encountered by users of ceramic frequency seriation in distinguishing chronologically meaningful trends from the background stochastic “noise” inherent in all ceramic assemblages. Aspects of manufacture, breakage and discard behavior are found to be important in the creation of “noise” in the archaeological record. A computerized model (POTS), which simulates both chronological changes and background “noise” in th…
Computer Simulation in Anthropology
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
La population de Northside dans l'île Saint-Thomas
L'isolement géographique est une cause fréquente de formation d'un isolât génétique et c'est en particulier souvent le cas des îles. Cependant l'isolât étudié ici ne concerne directement qu'une communauté de l'île Saint-Thomas, dans les Iles Vierges, vendues en 1917 par le Danemark aux États-Unis (Saint-Thomas et Sainte Croix). Les habitants de cette communauté, Northside, sont venus à partir du XVIIe siècle, de l'île Saint-Barthélémy, dépendance…
Measuring Marriage Preference
Estimating Mortality Level for Small Populations
A pair of two-census methods of estimating mortality levels are tested with simulated census data. The populations considered range in size from 250 to 1500 individuals of each sex; censuses were taken at intervals of five and ten years. In general, the methods are resistant to bias, and yield variances similar in magnitude to those obtained using vital registration data and life table techniques for censored data. The two-census methods represen…
Assortative mate choice and mating opportunity on Sanday, Orkney Islands
A method is presented for the analysis of deviations from random mating. Kinship, demographic, social, and spatial characteristics observed among married couples have been compared with the distributions expected if mates were chosen at random from all possible pairs of mates. This procedure has been used to investigate both failure to mate and patterns of assortative mating for cohorts born on Sanday, Orkney Islands, between 1885 and 1924. Diffe…
Estimation of vital rates by means of monte carlo simulation
Monte Carlo simulation has been used to estimate age-specific fertility and mortality rates for a small population,the French-derived isolate of Northside on St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Estimates were based on data collected in a household census and genealogical survey and on birth, death, and marriage records for the years 1916to 1966. During this 50-year period (in which the population size increased from 202 to 657), the numbers of birt…
La population de Northside dans l'île Saint-Thomas
L'isolement géographique est une cause fréquente de formation d'un isolât génétique et c'est en particulier souvent le cas des îles. Cependant l'isolât étudié ici ne concerne directement qu'une communauté de l'île Saint-Thomas, dans les Iles Vierges, vendues en 1917 par le Danemark aux États-Unis (Saint-Thomas et Sainte Croix). Les habitants de cette communauté, Northside, sont venus à partir du XVIIe siècle, de l'île Saint-Barthélémy, dépendance…
Potential mates in a small human population
Estimation of vital rates by means of monte carlo simulation
Monte Carlo simulation has been used to estimate age-specific fertility and mortality rates for a small population,the French-derived isolate of Northside on St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Estimates were based on data collected in a household census and genealogical survey and on birth, death, and marriage records for the years 1916to 1966. During this 50-year period (in which the population size increased from 202 to 657), the numbers of birt…
Computer Simulation in Human Population Studies
On the minimum size of endogamous populations
The survival of small endogamous human populations is investigated by computer simulation. It is shown that (1) populations practicing strict monogamy with no extramarital pregnancy are less likely to survive as endogamous groups than are those in which marriage is not a prerequisite for childbearing ; (2) low fertility—low mortality populations can survive with fewer individuals than can populations subject to high fertility and mortality; (3) a…
Measuring Marriage Preference
Computer Simulation in Human Population Studies
Assortative mate choice and mating opportunity on Sanday, Orkney Islands
A method is presented for the analysis of deviations from random mating. Kinship, demographic, social, and spatial characteristics observed among married couples have been compared with the distributions expected if mates were chosen at random from all possible pairs of mates. This procedure has been used to investigate both failure to mate and patterns of assortative mating for cohorts born on Sanday, Orkney Islands, between 1885 and 1924. Diffe…
Computer Simulation in Anthropology
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
Estimation of random isonymy
An estimate of the proportion of marriages isonymous due to random mating is given which, unlike the method of Crow and Mange, takes into account the effects of marital propinquity and age difference between spouses. When applied to a small Caribbean population, this measure is significantly different from the Crow/Mange estimate, and leads to a quite different conclusion about the relative magnitudes of random and non-random inbreeding
A Simulation Approach to the Measurement of Change in Ceramic Frequency Seriation
This paper examines the problems encountered by users of ceramic frequency seriation in distinguishing chronologically meaningful trends from the background stochastic “noise” inherent in all ceramic assemblages. Aspects of manufacture, breakage and discard behavior are found to be important in the creation of “noise” in the archaeological record. A computerized model (POTS), which simulates both chronological changes and background “noise” in th…
American Society of Primatologists Membership List
A demographic analysis of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Center rhesus colony, 1962–1982
A detailed demographic analysis was made of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center rhesus colony from vital statistics recorded over a 20‐year period. Techniques used were based on demographic and epidemiological methods developed for human populations, which provide the potential for making standardized measurements within captive primate colonies. A life table based on 1,086 deaths showed an abnormally high survivorship at the older age…
Estimating Mortality Level for Small Populations
A pair of two-census methods of estimating mortality levels are tested with simulated census data. The populations considered range in size from 250 to 1500 individuals of each sex; censuses were taken at intervals of five and ten years. In general, the methods are resistant to bias, and yield variances similar in magnitude to those obtained using vital registration data and life table techniques for censored data. The two-census methods represen…
Model life tables for the larger old world monkeys
Mortality statistics for 25 populations of the larger Old World monkeys (members of the subfamily Cercopithecinae ) were evaluated with a competing hazard model of mortality. The best eight of these life tables were combined to generate a standard model life table representative of the mortality patterns of these primates. Two applications of the standard model to smooth, graduate, and compare life tables based on limited and defective data are p…
Genetic differentiation between baboon subspecies
The use of common names which may encompass a number of subspecies or species is pervasive in the biomedical literature. Failure to identify the complete taxonomic classification of research subjects presents a source of error for scientists attempting to evaluate results or to repeat experiments. This paper examines the problem in a common animal model, the baboon. Analyses of the genetic distances among five baboon subspecies ( Papio hamadryas …
Issues in genetic research on nonhuman primates
The genetic demography of a chimpanzee colony
Chimpanzees used for biomedical research must be bred in captivity because of restrictions on importation. Because they are large and expensive animals, population sizes at breeding facilities are limited. This implies that inbreeding at some level is inevitable and that genetic management techniques should be employed to minimize matings between related individuals. The purpose of this paper is to consider the genetic history of the chimpanzee c…
Model life tables for the larger old world monkeys
We report a change in the method of averaging parameters of the Siler mortality model fitted to a series of Old World monkey survivorship schedules. Substitution of geometric for arithmetic means of multipliers of exponential terms avoids incorrect weighting of parameters. These changes have minor effects on the composite standard mortality schedule for these animals originally described in 1988. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Model life tables for the smaller new world monkeys
Mortality statistics from five populations of small New World monkeys (includinsg Callithrix jaccus, Leontopithecus rosalia, Saguinus fuscicollis , and Saguinus oedipus ) were combined to generate a standard model life table reflecting the mortality patterns of these primates. The model is applied to three individual populations to illustrate a strategy for smoothing and interpolating mortality statistics of varying completeness and quality. © 19…
Basic data standards for primate colonies
A set of simple standards has been developed to ease the task of transferring primate colony data between institutions and computers, and to assure that colony vital statistics are appropriate for demographic and genetic analyses. The standards have been designed to be easily and inexpensively implemented from existing databases, and also may serve as a guide to the setup of new colony record‐keeping systems. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Model life table for captive chimpanzees
Mortality statistics from three captive populations of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) were combined to generate standard model life tables for each sex in this species. The model is compared to an estimate of survivorship of a group of wild animals, and is applied to an incomplete data set to illustrate how the model may be used to extend estimates of mortality statistics to missing older ages. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Genetics of adult body mass and maintenance of adult body mass in captive baboons (Papio hamadryas subspecies)
Adult body mass and changes in mass during an individual's life are important indicators of general health and reproductive fitness. Therefore, characterization of the factors that influence normal variation in body mass has important implications for colony management and husbandry. The main objective of this study was to quantify the genetic contribution to adult body mass and its maintenance in baboons. Intra-individual mean and variance in bo…
Demography and pedigree structure of an SPF colony of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
The SPF rhesus colony at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Bastrop, Texas, was analyzed with the aim of determining the demographic and genetic effects of stringent selection for virus‐free breeders, permanent quarantine, continued surveillance, and culling of animals that show evidence of viral infection. The analysis shows minimal effects on population viability and loss of genetic variability in comparison with the traditionally managed (non‐…
Genetics and caging type affect birth weight in captive pigtailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina )
The heritability of birth weight was estimated in 3,562 captive pigtailed macaques using 30 years of breeding and pedigree records. Based on a pedigree of over 12,000 animals, quantitative genetic analyses were performed using statistical variance decomposition methods. The model included additive genetic effects, cytoplasmic genetic effects, birth environment, shared maternal environment, and unmeasured environmental effects. The results demonst…
Computer Science (13 obras) · Demography (13 obras) · Biology (12 obras) · Population (10 obras) · Ecology (8 obras) · Sociology (8 obras) · Geography (7 obras) · Mathematics (7 obras) · Statistics (7 obras) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (6 obras)