Leonard A Jason
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 82159 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Leonard A Jason |
| NOMBRES | Leonard A |
| APELLIDO | Jason |
| FIRMA | JASON L A |
| AFILIACIONES | DePaul University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9972-4425 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 248 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 415 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 247 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1973 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
A roadmap for maximizing the use and effectiveness of recovery housing for individuals prescribed medications for opiate use disorders
Introduction: Safe and stable housing is increasingly recognized as critical to recovery from alcohol and drug use disorders, but research on the outcomes of residents in recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly those prescribed medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), is limited. Methods: = 15) and discussion with experts in the recovery housing and OUD treatment fields serving as Advisory Board members on the Infrastructure for …
Reliability and validity of the German version of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire Post-Exertional Malaise (DSQ-PEM)
In summary, this study confirms the strong psychometric properties of the German version of the DSQ-PEM and supports the instrument as a reliable and valid tool for measuring PEM in Germany and other German-speaking countries
Life After the Storm
Although the challenges of bereavement among adolescents are well-documented, there is potential for loss to foster growth, development, and positive psychological changes during this developmental period. To examine this possibility, 408 adolescents (46.6% male; 53.4% female) in grades 6-12 from three urban schools were surveyed about their experiences with bereavement and posttraumatic growth (PTG), along with several hypothesized moderators: t…
The Oxford House Stability Questionnaire
Recovery homes are located throughout the United States, with the self‐governed Oxford Houses representing one of the largest networks with over 3000 homes. Although there is a growing literature on the characteristics and outcomes of these recovery homes, far less is known about differences among the homes. The current study used a set of characteristics that had been proposed by a leader within the Oxford House recovery movement, and a universi…
Improving myalgic encephalomyelitis population sampling
With widespread late- and under-diagnosing, health register code G93.3 data cannot offer an unbiased sampling frame for myalgic encephalomyelitis, complicating prevalence and demographic distribution assessments. It also remains unclear if all G93.3 cases would meet the Canada Consensus Criteria (CCC). This article describes a novel methodological approach to addressing selection bias when estimating a CCC population's characteristics, applying a…
Understanding Experiences of Youth with Long Covid
There is limited information on the specific impacts of Long COVID in youth. Long COVID presents as persisting or new symptoms following initial COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study was to better understand how children and their families describe their experiences seeking diagnosis and support following the onset of symptoms of Long COVID. Six children and five caregivers located in the United States participated in this study. Study proced…
Effects of strength of relationship ties in recovery homes
Perceptions of virtual versus in‐person recovery meetings
This study investigates shifts in the modality of addiction recovery communities from person‐to‐person interactions to virtual platforms in the context of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Our study involves members of the Oxford House recovery homes ( n = 284), a major network of recovery‐supportive housing in the United States and abroad. Many residents participate in 12‐step meetings during their stay, traditionally conducte…
Ranking the community psychology research output of institutions and authors
There have been multiple efforts to evaluate the contributions of the field of Community Psychology, and one of the more popular methods has involved gathering citations and articles published in Community Psychology journals. In recent years, several sites have gathered citation analysis and article publication rates so that it is now relatively easy to summarize settings and scholar rankings. In the current study, articles published in the two …
Psychometric evaluation of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire-Short Form (DSQ-SF) among adults with Long Covid, ME/CFS, and healthy controls
Long COVID shares a number of clinical features with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), including post-exertional malaise, severe fatigue, and neurocognitive deficits. Utilizing validated assessment tools that accurately and efficiently screen for these conditions can facilitate diagnostic and treatment efforts, thereby improving patient outcomes. In this study, we generated a series of random forest machine learning alg…
House Level Latent Classes as Predictors of Recovery and Evictions
The current study explored whether substance abuse recovery houses could be categorized into meaningful classes, which might be associated with house evictions as well as changes in individual-level recovery capital. A total of 602 individuals from 42 recovery homes were followed for up to 6 data collection periods over 2 years. House level latent class analyses were based on house-level data. A 3-class model fit very well (entropy 0.94) and bett…
The Involvement in Alcoholics Anonymous Scale - Short Form
Background: The aim of this research was to examine the psychometrics of a short form version of the multidimensional Involvement in Alcoholics Anonymous scale (IAA-SF) by assessing the factor structure, internal consistency, and predictive validity. While there are several existing measures of involvement in Alcoholics Anonymous, many are either unidimensional or are limited in their ability to gather variation in the level of involvement in the…
Predictors of health in substance use disorder recovery
The exit from active substance use presents barriers to achieving and maintaining health, especially as individuals lack the economic resources to afford healthcare access. Treatment settings that strengthen resources may support stability in recovery and influence health. Analyzing a sample of recovery home residents over two years (N = 494), the current study assessed individually held resources (e.g., wages, employment) and the average economi…
Understanding length of stay in recovery homes
Abstinence-specific social support within dyadic relationships is one of the best post-treatment prognostic indicators of recovery and is probably responsible for much of the effectiveness of self-help group participation. Acute treatment after-care in the form of sober-living environments-i.e., recovery houses-provides many opportunities for recovering individuals to acquire such support. However, like most recovery settings, recovery homes do n…
Assessing health state utilities for people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in Australia using the EQ-5D-5L, AQoL-8D and EQ-5D-5L-psychosocial instruments
ME/CFS has a profound impact on HRQoL. The AQoL-8D and EQ-5D-5L-Psychosocial can be used interchangeably: the latter represents a reduced participant burden
Using Data Mining and Time Series to Investigate ME and CFS Naming Preferences
There have been numerous iterations of naming convention specified for myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). As health care turns to “big data” analytics to gain insights, the Google Trends database was mined to ascertain worldwide trends of public interest in several ME- and CFS-related search categories between 2004 and 2019. Time series analysis revealed that though “chronic fatigue syndrome” remains the predominan…
Longitudinal patterns and predictors of suicidal ideation in African American adolescents
Suicide rates among African American adolescents have increased dramatically. Suicidal ideation is associated with both suicide attempts and completions, thus understanding ideation patterns and predictors in African American adolescents is critical to informing prevention efforts. This study recruited 160 African American ninth grade students. Participants were those students randomized to the control condition of a randomized controlled prevent…
Lived experiences of Oxford House residents prescribed medication‐assisted treatment
Qualitative studies have examined the recovery experiences of individuals prescribed medication‐assisted treatment (MAT), including their experiences within treatment facilities. However, the literature lacks qualitative studies exploring the recovery process of individuals prescribed MAT while living in recovery housing, such as Oxford House (OH). The purpose of this study was to explore how OH residents, who are prescribed MAT, make sense of re…
David Glenwick (1949–2021)
This article memorializes David Glenwick (1949-2021). His work helps stimulate the further maturation of community-oriented research by utilizing a wide array of contemporary qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches that are theoretically sound, empirically valid, and creative, thereby addressing in a fresh and innovative manner questions of import for the communities in which they work. Throughout his career, he helped community r…
Do diagnostic criteria for ME matter to patient experience with services and interventions? Key results from an online RDS survey targeting fatigue patients in Norway
Public health and welfare systems request documentation on approaches to diagnose, treat, and manage myalgic encephalomyelitis and assess disability-benefit conditions. Our objective is to document ME patients' experiences with services/interventions and assess differences between those meeting different diagnostic criteria, importantly the impact of post-exertional malaise. We surveyed 660 fatigue patients in Norway using respondent-driven sampl…
Can recovery homes reduce Covid-19 infection and mortality
Women’s friendships
The study examined how friendships among women in recovery from substance use disorders are related to individual resources (e.g., social support, self-esteem, and hope) and empowerment (e.g., power and optimism). Findings from a path analysis of 244 women in recovery revealed that friendships among women were positively related to individual resources; that is, the stronger the relationships with other women, the higher women perceived their res…
Risk factors for suicidal ideation in a chronic illness
Suicide is an urgent concern for people with chronic illnesses, particularly for those with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Prior work has examined suicide risk in this illness, but few studies have examined specific risk factors. This study uses binary logistic regression to identify physical, social, and demographic risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation in ME/CFS ( N = 559). The results indicate sleep-re…
Journey to wellness
Substance use disorders are increasingly prevalent among veterans in the United States. Veterans in recovery face unique challenges, such as high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, difficulties adjusting to civilian life, and inadequate housing and mental health services. While prior research has explored veterans' experiences in recovery, studies have not implemented a multilevel perspective in their analyses. The current qualitative study exam…
Politics, science, and the emergence of a new disease
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) emerged as a diagnostic category during the last decade. Initial research suggested that CFS was a relatively rare disorder with a high level of psychiatric comorbidity. Many physicians minimized the seriousness of this disorder and also interpreted the syndrome as being equivalent to a psychiatric disorder. These attitudes had negative consequences for the treatment of CFS. By the mid-1990s, findings from more repr…
Development of a Three-Factor Psychological Sense of Community Scale
A variety of sense of community measures have been developed, but the identification of latent factors in developed scales to measure this construct has encountered significant psychometric problems involving reliability and validity. We present a new measure called the Psychological Sense of Community Scale, which is based on three distinct ecological domains involving the individual, microsystem, and macrosystem. We used an exploratory factor a…
Pilot study examining factors asscociated with academic success for hispanic high school students
Communal Housing Settings Enhance Substance Abuse Recovery
Oxford Houses are democratic, mutual help–oriented recovery homes for individuals with substance abuse histories. There are more than 1200 of these houses in the United States, and each home is operated independently by its residents, without help from professional staff. In a recent experiment, 150 individuals in Illinois were randomly assigned to either an Oxford House or usual-care condition (i.e., outpatient treatment or self-help groups) aft…
The Role of Neighborhood Context and School Climate in School‐Level Academic Achievement
In recent years, the quality of education available to children has become increasingly dependent on the social and economic demographics of neighborhoods in which the children live. This study assesses the role of community violence in explaining the relation between socio‐economic status ( SES ) and academic outcomes and the potential of positive school climate to promote academic achievement. With a sample of 297 Chicago public elementary scho…
Dynamic Social Networks in Recovery Homes
Acute treatment aftercare in the form of sober living environments—i.e., recovery houses—provide an inexpensive and effective medium‐term treatment alternative for many with substance use disorders. Limited evidence suggests that house‐situated social relationships and associated social support are critical determinants of how successful these residential experiences are for their members, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying these…
Work site group meetings and the effectiveness of a televised smoking cessation intervention
At the work site, smoking accounts for increased health care expenses and worker absenteeism due to smoking-related illness and reduced productivity and lost wages. Developing comprehensive and accessible smoking cessation programs at the work site is an important objective for health care professionals. In this study, employees of 43 corporations participated in a televised smoking cessation program accompanied by self-help manuals. The media co…
Influencing the passage of child passenger restraint legislation
Factors of Empowerment for Women in Recovery from Substance Use
Empowerment is an interdisciplinary construct heavily grounded in the theories of community psychology. Although empowerment has a strong theoretical foundation, few context‐specific quantitative measures have been designed to evaluate empowerment for specific populations. The present study explored the factor structure of a modified empowerment scale with a cross‐sectional sample of 296 women in recovery from substance use who lived in recovery …
Effects of Enforcement of Youth Access Laws on Smoking Prevalence
Smoking is the primary preventable cause of death, and yet 3,000 adolescents become smokers each day. Most adult smokers begin this deadly habit when they are under the age of 18, which is the minimum legal age for the purchase of cigarettes. The majority of adolescent smokers are able to purchase cigarettes even though laws prohibit the sale of cigarettes to minors. In the late 1980s, Woodridge, IL, became one of the first towns in the nation to…
Parental Monitoring, Association with Externalized Behavior, and Academic Outcomes in Urban African-American Youth
African-American adolescents exposed to neighborhood disadvantage are at increased risk for engaging in problem behavior and academic underachievement. It is critical to identify the mechanisms that reduce problem behavior and promote better academic outcomes in this population. Based on social disorganization and socioecological theories, the current prospective study examined pathways from parental monitoring to academic outcomes via externaliz…
Housing First as an Effective Model for Community Stabilization Among Vulnerable Individuals With Chronic and Nonchronic Homelessness Histories
Housing First (HF) is an effective intervention for reducing homelessness and service utilization among vulnerable adults and is most often focused on individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. This study explored the effectiveness of a single‐site HF program for 2 groups of people with serious mental illness: those experiencing chronic street homelessness, and those whose homelessness was limited but had high psychiatric service needs, often…
An Investigation of Hope and Context
One of the tenets of community psychology is examining psychological phenomena in context, and our studies explored the relationship between hope and context among individuals in recovery for substance use disorders. Study 1 involved 595 participants who resided in 90 recovery homes. We found that context, as house effects, was salient in residents’ perceptions of hope, suggesting that the context of recovery homes–their configurations and dynami…
Participating in social change
Relationship of hope, sense of community, and quality of life
This study examined the role of hope and community in achieving and/or maintaining a successful recovery, and their relationships to quality of life for individuals in recovery. The sample included 229 participants in 42 Oxford House sober living homes in 3 locations in the United States. In this cross‐sectional investigation, we assessed whether hope and sense of community were predictors of quality of life for individuals living in recovery hom…
A Survival Analysis of Communal‐Living, Self‐Help, Addiction Recovery Participants
We examined individual and group characteristics associated with the duration of community involvement (i.e., length of residence) in 11 Illinois Oxford Houses for 129 male recovering addicts. Survival analyses indicated that the best predictor of duration of community involvement from demographic items was age (i.e., older age and older age of fellow residents were associated with being more likely to continue residence). Among psychological mea…
Suicidal ideation in non-depressed individuals
Chronic illness is a risk factor for suicide but is often explained with depression. Research has shown an increased suicide rate in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome, but specific risk factors have been unexplored. We qualitatively analyzed responses from 29 patients who endorsed suicidal ideation but did not meet depression criteria. Two themes were developed: (1) feeling trapped and (2) loss of self, loss of …
Factor analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
This study examined the properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) in a sample of 111 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Exploratory factor analysis identified two factors. The mean score for the Somatic-Affective factor was significantly higher than the Cognitive factor. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed for BDI-II total score, the two factor scores, and the BDI for Primary Care (BDI-PC). The BDI-PC and C…
Sex Differences in Social Support and Self-Efficacy Within a Recovery Community
This study examined similarities and differences in social support and self-efficacy for abstinence between women and men recovering from substance addiction. The sample consisted of 87 residents of Oxford House (OH) self-run, community-based recovery homes. Analyses revealed similarities between women and men in terms of the composition and utilization of support networks and abstinence self-efficacy. Also, for both sexes, length of residency in…
Stigma and the Term Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Considerable discussion has occurred concerning the diagnostic label chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Many patient groups argue that using this term trivializes the seriousness of the syndrome. A federal government organization, the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Coordinating Committee, appointed a Name Change Workgroup to attempt to develop different terminology for this disorder. This group distributed a poll to patients and health-care providers to o…
Attitudes Regarding Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Undergraduates from diverse academic backgrounds and medical trainees were assessed regarding their attitudes about and familiarity with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We explored whether different names given to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS, myalgic encephalopathy, or Florence Nightingale disease) were associated with differences in attributions regarding its cause, nature, severity, contagion, prognosis, and treatment. Participants' attributi…
Estimating rates of chronic fatigue syndrome from a community‐based sample
Most of the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) epidemiological studies have relied on physicians who refer patients having at least 6 months of chronic fatigue and other symptoms. However, there are a number of potential problems when using this method to derive prevalence statistics. For example, some individuals with CFS might not have the economic resources to access medical care. Other individuals with CFS might be reluctant to use medical person…
Analysis of clustered data in community psychology
Although it is common in community psychology research to have data at both the community, or cluster, and individual level, the analysis of such clustered data often presents difficulties for many researchers. Since the individuals within the cluster cannot be assumed to be independent, the use of many traditional statistical techniques that assumes independence of observations is problematic. Further, there is often interest in assessing the de…
Prompting dog owners to pick up dog droppings
Early secondary prevention with disadvantaged preschool children
A body of research data is reviewed pointing to considerable intellectual lag and nonstandard linguistic abilities among the disadvantaged. While "difference" and "deficit" theorists interpret these findings differently, many observers agree that early educational intervention may be a useful approach to such problems. A series of early intervention programs is reviewed for three young disadvantaged groups: infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Fi…
Preventive intervention with young disadvantaged children
Preventive intervention with young disadvantaged children
A preventive educational program for young economically disadvantaged children
Early secondary prevention with disadvantaged preschool children
A body of research data is reviewed pointing to considerable intellectual lag and nonstandard linguistic abilities among the disadvantaged. While "difference" and "deficit" theorists interpret these findings differently, many observers agree that early educational intervention may be a useful approach to such problems. A series of early intervention programs is reviewed for three young disadvantaged groups: infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Fi…
Self-Monitoring in the Treatment of Nose Squeezing and Daydreaming
Self-monitoring was successfully used in modifying a patient's undesirable behaviors. The initial unwanted behavior, nose squeezing, was appreciably decreased over a 2-mo. period and gains were maintained for over 2 yr. While self-monitoring also reduced a second disruptive behavior, daydreaming while studying, the onset of abdominal pains forced the termination of this study. The present study, therefore, demonstrated a successful and unsuccessf…
Relational and behavioral interventions with economically disadvantaged toddlers
Matched groups of children, ages 12-24 months, referred for early social or verbal developmental lags or home-environment problems, participated either in a center-based "relational" or a home-based "behavior modification" intervention. Although both programs accelerated youngsters' intellectual development, there were few differences between groups on the criterion change measures
A behavioral approach in enhancing disadvantaged children's academic abilities
Behavioral community psychology
During the past few years there have been important developments in two related fields, i.e., community psychology as it affects the delivery of mental health services and behavior modification as an approach for understanding etiology and treatment of mental disorders. Although behavioral technology has been applied increasingly to community areas, there has been little comprehensive integration of the two approaches. This failure may be due to …
Behavioral versus process consultation interventions in school settings
Teachers experiencing difficulties in managing disruptive, acting-out children in two parochial first-grade classes were provided either behavioral or process consultation. The behavioral intervention included discussions of behavior modification principles, feedback concerning contingent praise, and individualized behavioral interventions. In contrast, the process consultant used clarifying, supportive, and reflective responses to help the teach…
Preventive intervention programs for disadvantaged children
Crisis intervention with children
Crisis intervention with children
Prompting dog owners to pick up dog droppings
Urban and rural perspectives towards traditional and community-oriented mental health services in the schools
Urban and rural school mental health personnel's attitudes towards potential community mental health services were assessed by a 20-item questionnaire tapping both traditional clinical and community-oriented activities. Both groups rated traditional services more highly than community ones, but urban respondents were more receptive than rural ones to the community approach. Implications for community psychology and service delivery in the schools…
Evaluating a Community Mental Health Center Program for Children
Mental health professionals are increasingly investing time and effort in the evaluation of their services. The present study describes one such evaluative effort undertaken by a children's Community Mental Health Center located in an inner cily neighborhood. Program results indicated that about two-thirds of children evidenced betler functioning following treatment. When presenting problems were categorized into distinct diagnostic entities, the…
Follow‐up data on two dog‐litter reduction interventions
School transitions
Entering a new school represents a critical developmental transition, since children need to overcome apprehension of peer rejection and difficulties in ascertaining new school policies. The present study investigated a peer-led preventive orientation program which was aimed at allaying detrimental effects of a forced school closing. Students transferring into a public elementary school were matched by grade and sex with students currently enroll…
Enhancing sharing behaviors through the use of naturalistic contingencies
The present study modified sharing behaviors by using naturalistic contingencies in groups of first and third grade children. During the initial baseline period, individual sharing behaviors among triads of youngsters were documented. When children evidencing low rates of sharing were subsequently placed in groups with high sharers, rates of sharing increased in the low sharers. When a high sharer was placed in groups of low sharers, increases in…
Characteristics of community psychologists in 1974 and 1978
Modifying snow shoveling behaviors in an urban area
Modifying snow shoveling behaviors in an urban area. L A JasonCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.71.8.861-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Modifying dog litter in urban communities
Dog litter not only damages the esthetic quality of a community but also poses a serious health problem. The present paper summarizes a series of projects which were designed to ameliorate this litter problem. Two studies indicated that surrounding specific target areas with posts connected by string effectively eliminated dog droppings. Two other studies, which focused on prompting dog owners to pick up their dogs' droppings, also brought about …
Use of Feedback in Reducing Television Watching
The present study investigated the use of several types of feedback (e.g., self-monitoring, alone, and in combination with meter recording) to reduce television watching in two individuals manifesting excessively high levels of television viewing. At the end of a self-recording phase, meters were placed in their television sets. For one participant, reductions in television viewing were found during both self-monitoring alone and in combination w…
Developing a support network for community psychologists
Over the past few years a diverse group of community-oriented individuals from academic and applied settings has scheduled regular meetings at different universities. This group, officially called the Midwestern Eco-Community Psychology Interest Group, has provided an important source of support to individuals with community interests. The present paper describes the evolution of this group and presents survey data suggesting that this developing…
Self-Monitoring in Reducing Children's Excessive Television Viewing
Training of interns and practicum students at community mental health centers
Conclusion The training of interns and practicum students has become a significant part of the overall program of CMHCs over the last decade. Although many centers provide innovative training in areas consistent with the philosophies of community mental health/community psychology, CMHCs consider the outstanding training which they provide to be in the traditional clinical areas. The fact that the revolution envisaged by the early proponents of t…
Influencing the passage of child passenger restraint legislation
Psychology (217 obras) · Medicine (180 obras) · Psychiatry (123 obras) · Social Psychology (77 obras) · Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research (65 obras) · Political science (65 obras) · Public health (62 obras) · Sociology (62 obras) · Clinical Psychology (60 obras) · Chronic fatigue syndrome (54 obras)