Elizabeth Lonsdorf
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 82432 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Elizabeth Lonsdorf |
| NOMBRES | Elizabeth |
| APELLIDO | Lonsdorf |
| FIRMA | LONSDORF E |
| AFILIACIONES | Franklin & Marshall College |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8057-401X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 39 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 39 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2006 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Genital Wounding in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Bridging the Gap
Primates live in complex social systems, and social contact and disease interact to shape the evolution of animal (including human) sociality. Researchers use social network analysis (SNA), a method of mapping and measuring contact patterns within a network of individuals, to understand the role that social interactions play in disease transmission. Here, we review lessons learned from SNA of humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs) and explore how th…
The Gombe Ecosystem Health Project
Infectious disease outbreaks pose a significant threat to the conservation of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) and all threatened nonhuman primates. Characterizing and mitigating these threats to support the sustainability and welfare of wild populations is of the highest priority. In an attempt to understand and mitigate the risk of disease for the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania, we initiated a long‐term health‐monitoring program in…
Drinking frequency in wild lactating chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) and their offspring
Maintaining water balance is essential for organismal health, and lactating females must balance individual needs with milk production and offspring hydration. Primate milk is dilute and presumed to be the primary source for infant hydration for a considerable time period. Few studies have investigated the hydration burden that lactation may place on female primates. In this study, we investigated sources of variation in female and offspring drin…
Wild chimpanzee offspring exhibit adult‐like foraging patterns around the age of weaning
OBJECTIVES: The prolonged juvenile period exhibited by primates is an evolutionary conundrum. Here we examine wild chimpanzee feeding development in the context of two hypotheses regarding prolonged development in primates: the needing-to-learn hypothesis and the expensive brain hypothesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) offspring at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. We analyzed 41 years of observat…
In vivo deciduous dental eruption in LuiKotale bonobos and Gombe chimpanzees
OBJECTIVES: Existing data on bonobo and chimpanzee dental eruption timing are derived predominantly from captive individuals or deceased wild individuals. However, recent advances in noninvasive photographic monitoring of living, wild apes have enabled researchers to characterize dental eruption in relatively healthy individuals under naturalistic conditions. At present, such data are available for only one population of wild chimpanzees. We repo…
The ontogeny of termite gathering among chimpanzees in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo
OBJECTIVES: Acquiring tool-assisted foraging skills can potentially improve dietary quality and increase fitness for wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In contrast to chimpanzees in East and West Africa, chimpanzees in the Congo Basin use tool sets and brush-tipped fishing probes to gather termites. We investigated the ontogeny of these tool skills in chimpanzees of the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo, and compared it to that for chimpanze…
Sources of variation in weaned age among wild chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
OBJECTIVES: A key feature of human life history evolution is that modern humans wean their infants 2-4 years earlier on average than African apes. However, our understanding of weaning variation in apes remains limited. Here we provide the first such report in chimpanzees by examining weaned age variation using long-term data from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed 41 years of observational behavioral data from 65 of…
Wild bonobo and chimpanzee females exhibit broadly similar patterns of behavioral maturation but some evidence for divergence
OBJECTIVES: Primates exhibit variation in rates of growth and development. Variation in female growth and development across ape species appears to be explained by the Ecological Risk Aversion Hypothesis (ERAH). Indeed, existing data on variation in somatic growth and reproductive maturation between humans' closest living ape relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees, appear to be consistent with this hypothesis. However, existing data on behavioral mat…
Syndromic Surveillance of Respiratory Disease in Free-Living Chimpanzees
A competitive drive? Same‐sex attentional preferences in capuchins
In primates, faces provide information about several characteristics of social significance, including age, physical health, and biological sex. However, despite a growing literature on face processing and visual attention in a number of primate species, preferences for same‐ or opposite‐sex faces have not yet been examined. In the current study, we explore the role of conspecific sex on visual attention in two groups of capuchin monkeys. Subject…
Maternal effects on offspring stress physiology in wild chimpanzees
Early life experiences are known to influence hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis development, which can impact health outcomes through the individual's ability to mount appropriate physiological reactions to stressors. In primates, these early experiences are most often mediated through the mother and can include the physiological environment experienced during gestation. Here, we investigate stress physiology of dependent offspring in wil…
Socioecological correlates of clinical signs in two communities of wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Disease and other health hazards pose serious threats to the persistence of wild ape populations. The total chimpanzee population at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, has declined from an estimated 120 to 150 individuals in the 1960's to around 100 individuals by the end of 2013, with death associated with observable signs of disease as the leading cause of mortality. In 2004, we began a non-invasive health-monitoring program in the two habituated c…
Destabilization of the gut microbiome marks the end‐stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild chimpanzees
Enteric dysbiosis is a characteristic feature of progressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) infection but has not been observed in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac)‐infected macaques, including in animals with end‐stage disease. This has raised questions concerning the mechanisms underlying the HIV‐1 associated enteropathy, with factors other than virus infection, such as lifestyle and antibiotic use, implicated as playing possi…
The grand challenge of great ape health and conservation in the anthropocene
"Ecosystem Health recognizes the inherent interdependence of the health of humans, animals and ecosystems and explores the perspectives, theories and methodologies emerging at the interface between ecological and health sciences." This broad focus requires new approaches and methods for solving problems of greater complexity at larger scales than ever before. Nowhere is this point more salient than the case of disease emergence and control at the…
Non‐invasive quantification of immunoglobulin A in chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary antibody responsible for mucosal defense in mammals and has been used as a marker for chronic stress and immune status. Therefore, this antibody may provide a more reliable indicator of an individual's immunocompetence than is currently available through other methods. Immunoglobulin A has never before been quantified in a wild population of non-human primates using non-invasive sample collection techniques. …
Oesophagostomiasis in non‐human primates of Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Oesophagostomum sp. is a parasitic nematode that frequently infects wild chimpanzees. Although nodular lesions are commonly associated with infection, some wild chimpanzee populations seem to tolerate Oesophagostomum nodular lesions while those at Gombe and other sites suffer from associated morbidity and mortality. From August 2004 to December 2013, we examined demographic (i.e., age, sex) and individual correlates (i.e., fecal consistency, Oeso…
The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii )
Social play is common among many group-living animals, but the benefits are not well understood. Proposed benefits include increased muscle coordination as the result of increased locomotor versatility and development, and strengthened social bonds through interactions with like-aged individuals. In this study, we used 33 years of long-term behavioral data on infant chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, to examine these potential benefits…
Total energy expenditure in captive capuchins ( Sapajus apella )
Primates have markedly lower total energy expenditure (TEE; kcal/day) than other placental mammals, expending approximately 50% less energy for their mass than non-primate eutherians. However, little is known regarding interspecific variation of energy expenditure within platyrrhine primates. We investigated TEE in captive tufted capuchins (Sapajus apella, n = 8, ages 7-36), a frugivorous platyrrhine, to compare TEE with other placental mammals a…
Predation by female chimpanzees
Do juveniles help or hinder? Influence of juvenile offspring on maternal behavior and reproductive outcomes in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Noninvasive Tuberculosis Screening in Free-Living Primate Populations in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Reproductive state and rank influence patterns of meat consumption in wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Chimpanzees create and modify probe tools functionally
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) use tools to probe for out-of-reach food, both in the wild and in captivity. Beyond gathering appropriately-sized materials to create tools, chimpanzees also perform secondary modifications in order to create an optimized tool. In this study, we recorded the behavior of a group of zoo-housed chimpanzees when presented with opportunities to use tools to probe for liquid foods in an artificial termite mound within thei…
Maternal Behavior and Physiological Stress Levels in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Hand preferences for coordinated bimanual actions in 777 great apes
Brief communication
Predominance of right‐handedness has historically been considered as a hallmark of human evolution. Whether nonhuman primates exhibit population‐level manual bias remains a controversial topic. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that bimanual coordinated activities may be a key‐behavior in our ancestors for the emergence and evolution of human population‐level right‐handedness. To this end, we collected data on hand preferences in 35 captive go…
Sources of variation in weaned age among wild chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
OBJECTIVES: A key feature of human life history evolution is that modern humans wean their infants 2-4 years earlier on average than African apes. However, our understanding of weaning variation in apes remains limited. Here we provide the first such report in chimpanzees by examining weaned age variation using long-term data from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed 41 years of observational behavioral data from 65 of…
Demographic and ecological effects on patterns of parasitism in eastern chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
From January 2006 to January 2008, we collected 1,045 fecal samples from 90 individually‐recognized, free‐ranging, eastern chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) inhabiting Gombe National Park, Tanzania to determine how patterns of parasitism are affected by demographic and ecological covariates. Seventeen parasite species were recovered, including eight nematodes ( Oesophagostomum sp., Necator sp., Probstmayria gombensis , Strongyloides …
Predation by female chimpanzees
Maternal Behavior by Birth Order in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Parental investment theory predicts that maternal resources are finite and allocated among offspring based on factors including maternal age and condition, and offspring sex and parity. Among humans, firstborn children are often considered to have an advantage and receive greater investment than their younger siblings. However, conflicting evidence for this "firstborn advantage" between modern and hunter-gatherer societies raises questions about …
Wild bonobo and chimpanzee females exhibit broadly similar patterns of behavioral maturation but some evidence for divergence
OBJECTIVES: Primates exhibit variation in rates of growth and development. Variation in female growth and development across ape species appears to be explained by the Ecological Risk Aversion Hypothesis (ERAH). Indeed, existing data on variation in somatic growth and reproductive maturation between humans' closest living ape relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees, appear to be consistent with this hypothesis. However, existing data on behavioral mat…
Reproductive state and rank influence patterns of meat consumption in wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Wild chimpanzee offspring exhibit adult‐like foraging patterns around the age of weaning
OBJECTIVES: The prolonged juvenile period exhibited by primates is an evolutionary conundrum. Here we examine wild chimpanzee feeding development in the context of two hypotheses regarding prolonged development in primates: the needing-to-learn hypothesis and the expensive brain hypothesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) offspring at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. We analyzed 41 years of observat…
The ontogeny of termite gathering among chimpanzees in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo
OBJECTIVES: Acquiring tool-assisted foraging skills can potentially improve dietary quality and increase fitness for wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In contrast to chimpanzees in East and West Africa, chimpanzees in the Congo Basin use tool sets and brush-tipped fishing probes to gather termites. We investigated the ontogeny of these tool skills in chimpanzees of the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo, and compared it to that for chimpanze…
Do juveniles help or hinder? Influence of juvenile offspring on maternal behavior and reproductive outcomes in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Maternal Behavior and Physiological Stress Levels in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Using retrospective health data from the Gombe chimpanzee study to inform future monitoring efforts
Disease outbreaks, either in isolation or in concert with other risk factors, can pose serious threats to the long‐term persistence of mammal populations, and these risks become elevated as population size decreases and/or population isolation increases. Many chimpanzee study sites are increasingly isolated by loss of habitat due to human encroachment, and managers of parks that contain chimpanzees perceive that disease outbreaks have been and co…
Causes of death in the Kasekela chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Understanding the rates and causes of mortality in wild chimpanzee populations has important implications for a variety of fields, including wildlife conservation and human evolution. Because chimpanzees are long‐lived, accurate mortality data requires very long‐term studies. Here, we analyze 47 years of data on the Kasekela community in Gombe National Park. Community size fluctuated between 38 and 60, containing 60 individuals in 2006. From reco…
A science‐based approach to managing disease risks for ape conservation
Summary of recommendations for primate conservation education programs
Demographic and ecological effects on patterns of parasitism in eastern chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
From January 2006 to January 2008, we collected 1,045 fecal samples from 90 individually‐recognized, free‐ranging, eastern chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) inhabiting Gombe National Park, Tanzania to determine how patterns of parasitism are affected by demographic and ecological covariates. Seventeen parasite species were recovered, including eight nematodes ( Oesophagostomum sp., Necator sp., Probstmayria gombensis , Strongyloides …
Brief communication
Predominance of right‐handedness has historically been considered as a hallmark of human evolution. Whether nonhuman primates exhibit population‐level manual bias remains a controversial topic. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that bimanual coordinated activities may be a key‐behavior in our ancestors for the emergence and evolution of human population‐level right‐handedness. To this end, we collected data on hand preferences in 35 captive go…
A Retrospective Analysis of Factors Correlated to Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) Respiratory Health at Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Validation of a cortisol enzyme immunoassay and characterization of salivary cortisol circadian rhythm in chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes )
Monitoring concentrations of stress hormones is an important tool for behavioral research and conservation for animals both in the wild and captivity. Glucocorticoids can be measured in mammals as an indicator of stress by analyzing blood, feces, urine, hair, feathers, or saliva. The advantages of using saliva for measuring cortisol concentrations are three‐fold: it is minimally invasive, multiple samples can be collected from the same individual…
Hand preferences for coordinated bimanual actions in 777 great apes
Flexibility and Persistence of Chimpanzee ( P an Troglodytes ) Foraging Behavior in a Captive Environmentxht
As a result of environmental variability, animals may be confronted with uncertainty surrounding the presence of, or accessibility to, food resources at a given location or time. While individuals can rely on personal experience to manage this variability, the behavior of members of an individual's social group can also provide information regarding the availability or location of a food resource. The purpose of the present study was to measure h…
Great ape genetic diversity and population history
High-coverage sequencing of 79 (wild and captive) individuals representing all six non-human great ape species has identified over 88 million single nucleotide polymorphisms providing insight into ape genetic variation and evolutionary history and enabling comparison with human genetic diversity. In an effort to provide insights into great ape genetic variation, the authors sequence 79 wild- and captive-born individuals from across all six great …
Validation of a Field Technique and Characterization of Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolite Analysis in Wild Chimpanzees ( P an troglodytes)
Monitoring adrenocortical activity in wild primate populations is critical, given the well‐documented relationship between stress, health, and reproduction. Although many primate studies have quantified fecal glucocorticoid metabolite ( FGM ) concentrations, it is imperative that researchers validate their method for each species. Here, we describe and validate a technique for field extraction and storage of FGM s in wild chimpanzees ( P an trogl…
Field immobilization for treatment of an unknown illness in a wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Maternal Behavior by Birth Order in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Parental investment theory predicts that maternal resources are finite and allocated among offspring based on factors including maternal age and condition, and offspring sex and parity. Among humans, firstborn children are often considered to have an advantage and receive greater investment than their younger siblings. However, conflicting evidence for this "firstborn advantage" between modern and hunter-gatherer societies raises questions about …
Chimpanzees create and modify probe tools functionally
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) use tools to probe for out-of-reach food, both in the wild and in captivity. Beyond gathering appropriately-sized materials to create tools, chimpanzees also perform secondary modifications in order to create an optimized tool. In this study, we recorded the behavior of a group of zoo-housed chimpanzees when presented with opportunities to use tools to probe for liquid foods in an artificial termite mound within thei…
Maternal Behavior and Physiological Stress Levels in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Noninvasive Tuberculosis Screening in Free-Living Primate Populations in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Reproductive state and rank influence patterns of meat consumption in wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii )
Social play is common among many group-living animals, but the benefits are not well understood. Proposed benefits include increased muscle coordination as the result of increased locomotor versatility and development, and strengthened social bonds through interactions with like-aged individuals. In this study, we used 33 years of long-term behavioral data on infant chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, to examine these potential benefits…
Total energy expenditure in captive capuchins ( Sapajus apella )
Primates have markedly lower total energy expenditure (TEE; kcal/day) than other placental mammals, expending approximately 50% less energy for their mass than non-primate eutherians. However, little is known regarding interspecific variation of energy expenditure within platyrrhine primates. We investigated TEE in captive tufted capuchins (Sapajus apella, n = 8, ages 7-36), a frugivorous platyrrhine, to compare TEE with other placental mammals a…
Predation by female chimpanzees
Do juveniles help or hinder? Influence of juvenile offspring on maternal behavior and reproductive outcomes in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Maternal effects on offspring stress physiology in wild chimpanzees
Early life experiences are known to influence hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis development, which can impact health outcomes through the individual's ability to mount appropriate physiological reactions to stressors. In primates, these early experiences are most often mediated through the mother and can include the physiological environment experienced during gestation. Here, we investigate stress physiology of dependent offspring in wil…
Socioecological correlates of clinical signs in two communities of wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Disease and other health hazards pose serious threats to the persistence of wild ape populations. The total chimpanzee population at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, has declined from an estimated 120 to 150 individuals in the 1960's to around 100 individuals by the end of 2013, with death associated with observable signs of disease as the leading cause of mortality. In 2004, we began a non-invasive health-monitoring program in the two habituated c…
Destabilization of the gut microbiome marks the end‐stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild chimpanzees
Enteric dysbiosis is a characteristic feature of progressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) infection but has not been observed in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac)‐infected macaques, including in animals with end‐stage disease. This has raised questions concerning the mechanisms underlying the HIV‐1 associated enteropathy, with factors other than virus infection, such as lifestyle and antibiotic use, implicated as playing possi…
Biology (37 obras) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (36 obras) · Ecology (26 obras) · Troglodytes (17 obras) · Zoology (17 obras) · Geography (16 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Demography (14 obras) · Tanzania (12 obras) · Ecology (11 obras)