Jay S Kaufman
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 83651 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jay S Kaufman |
| NOMBRES | Jay S |
| APELLIDO | Kaufman |
| FIRMA | KAUFMAN J S |
| AFILIACIONES | McGill University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1606-401X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 93 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 443 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 93 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Health effects of ‘Juntos’, a conditional cash transfer programme in Peru
In some countries, conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes show an impact on maternal and child health. Juntos, the CCT programme in Peru, has been evaluated several times operationally, but seldom for maternal and child health outcomes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of Juntos on children under 6 years, pregnant women and mothers of children under 17 years. Outcomes evaluated included (1) anaemia in women and children; …
Ottawa Statement from the Sparking Solutions Summit on Population Health Intervention Research
Challenges in reproducing results from publicly available data
BACKGROUND: Replication is a vital part of the research process and has recently received considerable attention. Analyses using publicly available data should, if adequately described, be reproducible without assistance from the original investigators. Using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a recent study reported a statistically significant difference in cardiovascular disease risk comparing subgroups …
African Ancestry, Social Factors, and Hypertension Among Non-Hispanic Blacks in the Health and Retirement Study
The biomedical literature contains much speculation about possible genetic explanations for the large and persistent black-white disparities in hypertension, but profound social inequalities are also hypothesized to contribute to this outcome. Our goal is to evaluate whether socioeconomic status (SES) differences provide a plausible mechanism for associations between African ancestry and hypertension in a U.S. cohort of older non-Hispanic blacks.…
Minimum Marriage Age Laws and the Prevalence Of Child Marriage and Adolescent Birth
CONTEXT: The relationship of national laws that prohibit child marriage with the prevalence of child marriage and adolescent birth is not well understood. METHODS: Data from Demographic and Health Surveys and from the Child Marriage Database created by the MACHEquity program at McGill University were used to examine the relationship between laws that consistently set the age for marriage for girls at 18 or older and the prevalence of child marria…
Dietary Antioxidant Intake and Its Association With Cognitive Function in an Ethnically Diverse Sample of US Adults
BACKGROUND: Dietary antioxidants can inhibit reactions accompanying neurodegeneration and thus prevent cognitive impairment. We describe associations of dietary antioxidants with cognitive function in a large biracial population, while testing moderation by sex, race, and age and mediation by depressive symptoms. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 1274 adults (541 men and 733 women) aged 30 to 64 years at baseline (mean [standard dev…
Model Averaging for Improving Inference from Causal Diagrams
Model selection is an integral, yet contentious, component of epidemiologic research. Unfortunately, there remains no consensus on how to identify a single, best model among multiple candidate models. Researchers may be prone to selecting the model that best supports their a priori, preferred result; a phenomenon referred to as "wish bias". Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), based on background causal and substantive knowledge, are a useful tool for…
Implementation of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized design in routine public health practice
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02174380. Registered 24 Jun 2014
The Relationship Between Apparent Temperature and Daily Number of Live Births in Montreal
Do Socioeconomic Inequalities in Neonatal Mortality Reflect Inequalities in Coverage of Maternal Health Services? Evidence from 48 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Removing user fees for facility-based delivery services
BACKGROUND: Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa have recently adopted policies that remove user fees for facility-based delivery services. There is little rigorous evidence of the impact of these policies on utilization of delivery services and no evaluations have examined effects on neonatal mortality rates (NMR). In this article, we estimate the causal effect of removing user fees on the proportion of births delivered in facilities, the pro…
The impact of smoke-free legislation on educational differences in birth outcomes
BACKGROUND: Smoke-free legislation may have positive effects on birth outcomes. Given that smoking and secondhand smoke during pregnancy vary with socioeconomic position, legislation may have greater effects in some socioeconomic groups. For this study, we evaluated the impact of a 2006 ban on smoking in public places in the Canadian province of Quebec on preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age birth and birth weight, and on educational differen…
Who benefits from removing user fees for facility-based delivery services? Evidence on socioeconomic differences from Ghana, Senegal and Sierra Leone
Interacción, sinergia y antagonismo en estudios prospectivos en epidemiología
In public health there is a growing appreciation for the advantage of the additive scale to better understand the impacts of factors involved in a health event. It is necessary to always remember that the concept of statistical interaction is scale dependent. In the causal relationship between a response and the presence of two or more factors, the concepts interaction, synergy and antagonism are the key ideas. The aim of this note is to show an …
Working and hypertension
There is the possibility of bias contributing to the null findings. However, given the relatively consistent evidence for an association between unemployment and cardiovascular outcomes in the literature, our results suggest there may be mechanisms - outside of hypertension - that have a comparatively greater contribution to this association
Achieving effective universal health coverage with equity
Chile's 'health guarantees' approach to providing universal and equitable coverage for quality healthcare in a dual public-private health system has generated global interest. The programme, called AUGE, defines legally enforceable rights to explicit healthcare benefits for priority health conditions, which incrementally covered 56 problems representing 75% of the disease burden between 2005 and 2009. It was accompanied by other health reform mea…
Are tuition-free primary education policies associated with lower infant and neonatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries
Clines Without Classes
This article examines Shiao, Bode, Beyer, and Selvig's (2012) arguments in their article 'The Genomic Challenge to the Social Construction of Race' and finds that their claims are based on fundamentally flawed interpretations of current genetic research. We discuss current genomic and genetic knowledge about human biological variation to demonstrate why and how Shiao et al.'s recommendations for future sociological studies and social policy, base…
Blacks and whites in Cuba have equal prevalence of hypertension
Overall, skin color was unrelated to mean blood pressure or hypertensive status in this population, although among women specifically some racial advantage appears evident in adjusted prevalence and control, and should be investigated further. The overall null result suggests that Cuba may exemplify the social conditions in which racial excess in hypertension, characteristic of much of the western world, is not a necessary reality
Some models just can't be fixed. A commentary on Mortensen
The Regression Discontinuity Design
Background The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and corresponding vaccination programs have been in Canada for over six years, yet there is no information on their effectiveness in reducing anogenital warts. Objectives To assess the effect of the HPV vaccine (vaccine impact) and Ontario's Grade 8 HPV vaccination program (program impact) on anogenital warts using the Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD; a quasi-experimental, instrumental variab…
Intimate partner violence against adult women and its association with major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms and postpartum depression
Predicting Partner HIV Testing and Counseling Following a Partner Notification Intervention
On the percent of excess risk explained
Bleich et al 1 provide a novel examination of black–white disparities in women's health by comparing only women who live in two Baltimore census tracts that are integrated and low income, thereby controlling for social context and contemporaneous income. Many national and regional datasets include black and white women who tend to live in very different neighbourhoods due to systematic residential segregation, and unless the neighbourhood environ…
Intergenerational Profiles of Socioeconomic (Dis)advantage and Obesity During the Transition to Adulthood
Investigations of socioeconomic status (SES) and health during the transition to adulthood in the United States are complicated by the later and more varied transitions in residence, employment, schooling, and social roles compared with previous generations. Parental SES is an important influence during adolescence but cannot sufficiently capture the SES of the independent young adult. Typical, single SES indicators based on income or education l…
The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index
Defining Urban and Rural Areas in U.S. Epidemiologic Studies
Mortality patterns among adult Hispanics
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern of the adult Hispanic population in the United States. METHODS: This was a cohort study using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching the National Death Index through 1991. RESULTS: This representative national sample included 297,640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53,552 Blacks, and 27,239 Hispanics, all aged 18 year…
Socioeconomic domains and associations with preterm birth
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Clines Without Classes
This article examines Shiao, Bode, Beyer, and Selvig's (2012) arguments in their article 'The Genomic Challenge to the Social Construction of Race' and finds that their claims are based on fundamentally flawed interpretations of current genetic research. We discuss current genomic and genetic knowledge about human biological variation to demonstrate why and how Shiao et al.'s recommendations for future sociological studies and social policy, base…
Neighborhood ethnic density and preterm birth across seven ethnic groups in New York City
Obesity, race/ethnicity and life course socioeconomic status across the transition from adolescence to adulthood
BACKGROUND: Differences in the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with obesity may underlie the racial/ethnic disparities in obesity that increase dramatically across the transition to adulthood in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the influence of life course SES on longitudinal obesity patterns from adolescence to adulthood. METHODS: Latent class analysis was used on a nationally represe…
Epidemiologic analysis of racial/ethnic disparities
Removing user fees for facility-based delivery services
BACKGROUND: Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa have recently adopted policies that remove user fees for facility-based delivery services. There is little rigorous evidence of the impact of these policies on utilization of delivery services and no evaluations have examined effects on neonatal mortality rates (NMR). In this article, we estimate the causal effect of removing user fees on the proportion of births delivered in facilities, the pro…
Social Determinants of Health
Obesity, race/ethnicity and the multiple dimensions of socioeconomic status during the transition to adulthood
Maternal Weathering and Risk of Preterm Delivery
Objectives. We compared the association between advancing maternal age and risk of preterm delivery across 4 groups (Black smokers, Black nonsmokers, White smokers, White nonsmokers) and within the context of neighborhood deprivation levels. Methods. We obtained data from linked census and birth records for singletons (n = 182 938) delivered by women aged 20 to 39 years in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Baltimore, Maryland; 16 Michigan cities; 3 Mar…
Cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status and markers of inflammation in adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status (SES) and adult levels of inflammatory risk markers (fibrinogen, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and an overall inflammatory score). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: 12,681 white and African-American participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and two ancillary…
Effects of racial density and income incongruity on pregnancy outcomes in less segregated communities
Neighborhood Factors Associated with Physical Activity and Adequacy of Weight Gain During Pregnancy
Trends in the contribution of major causes of death to the black-white life expectancy gap by US state
Incarceration and Risky Sexual Partnerships in a Southern US City
Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology
Achieving effective universal health coverage with equity
Chile's 'health guarantees' approach to providing universal and equitable coverage for quality healthcare in a dual public-private health system has generated global interest. The programme, called AUGE, defines legally enforceable rights to explicit healthcare benefits for priority health conditions, which incrementally covered 56 problems representing 75% of the disease burden between 2005 and 2009. It was accompanied by other health reform mea…
Stress and the City
Intergenerational Profiles of Socioeconomic (Dis)advantage and Obesity During the Transition to Adulthood
Investigations of socioeconomic status (SES) and health during the transition to adulthood in the United States are complicated by the later and more varied transitions in residence, employment, schooling, and social roles compared with previous generations. Parental SES is an important influence during adolescence but cannot sufficiently capture the SES of the independent young adult. Typical, single SES indicators based on income or education l…
Perceived Everyday Racism, Residential Segregation, and HIV Testing Among Patients at a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
Objectives. More than one quarter of HIV-infected people are undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. Blacks are disproportionately infected. Although perceived racism influences their attitudes toward HIV prevention, how racism influences their behaviors is unknown. We sought to determine whether perceiving everyday racism and racial segregation influence Black HIV testing behavior. Methods. This was a clinic-based, multil…
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
The impact of intimate partner violence on women's contraceptive use
Socioeconomic Status and Health in Blacks and Whites
A large number of epidemiologic studies have focused on racial/ethnic differences, particularly between blacks and whites. Because health endpoints and racial categorizations are associated with socioeconomic status, investigators generally adjust for socioeconomic indicators. The intention is usually to control for confounding, thereby making groups comparable and excluding socioeconomic status as an alternative explanation to hypotheses of inna…
Mortality patterns among adult Hispanics
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern of the adult Hispanic population in the United States. METHODS: This was a cohort study using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching the National Death Index through 1991. RESULTS: This representative national sample included 297,640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53,552 Blacks, and 27,239 Hispanics, all aged 18 year…
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
No More “Slavery Hypothesis” Yarns
Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina School of Public Health Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Race and Genomics
These two articles present contrasting views of the usefulness of the concept of race in biomedical research and clinical practice.
Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology
The Disparity in Access to New Medication by Type of Health Insurance
BACKGROUND: Drug provision within the German statutory health insurance system has undergone several reforms, including the introduction of drug macrobudgets in 1993. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which statutorily (SHI) and fully privately (PHI) health-insured patients were provided with new medication recommended by professional bodies in an equitable fashion using the example of migraine patients. RESE…
Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes
Pregnancy Intendedness, Maternal Psychosocial Factors and Preterm Birth
Can Shelter-Based Interventions Improve Treatment Engagement in Homeless Individuals With Psychiatric and/or Substance Misuse Disorders
BACKGROUND: High proportions of homeless individuals have mental illness and substance use disorders. Few of these individuals engage in consistent treatment, although they are likely to benefit from it. Shelter-based interventions to help this population engage in treatment have not been studied in a rigorous manner. OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a shelter-based intervention, including intensive outreach by a psychiatric…
Neighborhood Crime, Deprivation, and Preterm Birth
The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index
Defining Urban and Rural Areas in U.S. Epidemiologic Studies
HIV Testing Among Young Adults in the United States
We estimated prevalence and odds ratios for self-reported HIV testing among sexually experienced young adults using nationally representative data obtained from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The prevalence of testing in the past year was 18.8%. Young adults who had private or no health insurance were less likely to report testing than were young adults who had public health insurance, particularly …
Black Sexuality, Social Construction, and Research Targeting ‘The Down Low’ (‘The DL’)
The Science and Business of Genetic Ancestry Testing
Commercially available tests of genetic ancestry have significant scientific limitations, but are serious matters for many test-takers.
Early-life and adult socioeconomic status and inflammatory risk markers in adulthood
Neighborhood Deprivation and Preterm Birth among Non-Hispanic Black and White Women in Eight Geographic Areas in the United States
Disparities in preterm birth by race and ethnic group have been demonstrated in the United States. Recent research has focused on the impact of neighborhood context on racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes. The authors utilized vital-record birth certificate data and US Census data from eight geographic areas in four states (Maryland, Michigan, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) to examine the relation between neighborhood deprivation and prete…
Incarceration and Risky Sexual Partnerships in a Southern US City
Neighborhood Factors Associated with Physical Activity and Adequacy of Weight Gain During Pregnancy
Association Between Adult and Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in African Americans
We evaluated the association between socioeconomic status (SES) during childhood and adulthood and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in African Americans. Higher adult educational status and adult skilled occupation were protective against the metabolic syndrome, but no associations were found between the metabolic syndrome and other SES variables. Differences by gender were observed. Improving access to education among African Americans could…
N –3 Fatty acids, hypertension and risk of cognitive decline among older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (Aric) study
Objective Recent research indicates that n –3 fatty acids can inhibit cognitive decline, perhaps differentially by hypertensive status. Design We tested these hypotheses in a prospective cohort study (the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities). Dietary assessment using a food-frequency questionnaire and plasma fatty acid exposure by gas chromatography were completed in 1987–1989 (visit 1), while cognitive assessment with three screening tools – the…
A Conceptual Framework for Hispanic Oral Health Care
The need to study the health and health care determinants of US Hispanics is mandated by their rapid population growth. Nonetheless, it is challenging to study such a diverse population that incorporates many similarities and differences in values and experiences. This paper aims to highlight the factors that should be considered in Hispanic oral health research in the United States, and presents, in a theoretical framework, the relationships bet…
Cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status and markers of inflammation in adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status (SES) and adult levels of inflammatory risk markers (fibrinogen, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and an overall inflammatory score). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: 12,681 white and African-American participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and two ancillary…
Socioeconomic domains and associations with preterm birth
Medicine (80 obras) · Demography (55 obras) · Environmental health (52 obras) · Population (42 obras) · Sociology (31 obras) · Gerontology (29 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (29 obras) · Demography (27 obras) · Psychology (27 obras) · Socioeconomic status (24 obras)