John Myles
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 84144 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | John Myles |
| NOMBRES | John |
| APELLIDO | Myles |
| FIRMA | MYLES J |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Toronto |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 69 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 478 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 68 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2015 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
Canadian Sociological Association Outstanding Contribution Lecture
Are redistributive politics in Canada fading or merely in abeyance? In this essay, I examine the empirical evidence for the "fading" metaphor, examine new, neoliberal lenses that have shaped recent policy developments, and identify changes in the role of political actors and policy-making institutions that have facilitated the redistributive weakening. Ever the optimist, however, I conclude on an upbeat note on future democratic possibilities for…
Cross-country variation in interracial marriage
While black–white intermarriage is uncommon in the USA, blacks in Canada are just as likely to marry whites as to marry blacks. Asians, in contrast, are more likely to marry whites in the USA than in Canada. We test the claim that high rates of interracial marriage are indicative of high levels of social integration against Peter Blau's 'macrostructural' thesis that relative group size is the key to explaining differences in intermarriage rates a…
Kees Van Kersbergen and Barbara Vis, Comparative Welfare State Politics
Inequality and the Fading of Redistributive Politics
All advanced democracies have faced the pressures of globalization, technological change, and new family forms, which have generated higher levels of inequality in market incomes. But countries have responded differently, reflecting differences in their domestic politics. The politics of who gets what and why is at the core of this volume, the first to examine this question in an explicitly Canadian context. In Inequality and the Fading of Redist…
Instrumentalizing Voice
This article applies Bakhtin’s ideas of “dialogics” and “speech genres” and Bourdieu’s approach to the “linguistic field” in a study of the “instrumentalization” of voice in interactive voice response (IVR) telephony. The article examines two dimensions of voice as it appears in IVR services: technician-led installations and voice branding “on-hold messaging.” It is argued that technician-led installations of IVR are essentially monologic in char…
Interracial marriage and status-caste exchange in Canada and the United States
The status-caste exchange thesis has been a theoretical workhorse for the study of racial intermarriage in the United States since its introduction in the 1940s, and has enjoyed a revival in recent decades. Some recent studies, however, challenge this view. We test the thesis with multinomial logit regression using data on black-white marriages in the US and Canada. We find modest support for the theory in the US but not in Canada. In the US, whi…
Varieties of federalism, institutional legacies, and social policy
Béland D, Myles J. Varieties of federalism, institutional legacies, and social policy: Comparing old‐age and unemployment insurance reform in Canada With reference to Canada, this article explores the politics of reform affecting two social insurance programs: Employment Insurance (EI) and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP). Comparing these two large, yet institutionally distinct, social insurance schemes underscores how institutional differences in p…
Income Replacement Rates among Canadian Seniors
Dans cet article, à partir d’une base de données longitudinales et en utilisant des modèles à effets fixes, nous évaluons l’effet que produit un divorce ou le décès du conjoint ou de la conjointe, après l’âge de 55 ans, sur les taux de remplacement du revenu pendant la retraite. Nos résultats montrent que, chez les femmes, la séparation et le divorce ont un effet négatif plus important que le veuvage. L’effet de la séparation et du divorce est pl…
Why Have Poorer Neighbourhoods Stagnated Economically while the Richer Have Flourished? Neighbourhood Income Inequality in Canadian Cities
Higher-income neighbourhoods in Canada’s eight largest cities flourished economically during the past quarter-century, while lower-income communities stagnated. This paper identifies some of the underlying processes that led to this outcome. Increasing family income inequality drove much of the rise in neighbourhood inequality. Increased spatial economic segregation, the increasing tendency of ‘like to live nearby like’, also played a role. It is…
Bourdieu, Language and the Media
This book engages with key theoretical and analytical issues in the field of media, communication and cultural studies. Using case studies of radio, internet, text messaging and photojournalism, it de
The Demographic Foundations of Rising Employment and Earnings among Single Mothers in Canada and the United States, 1980–2000
Making don't Knows Make Sense
Despite Bourdieu's huge contribution in sociologically operationalizing some of the principles contained in Husserlian phenomenology, this paper argues that by drawing more from this source his criticisms of opinion polls can be extended theoretically and methodologically. In particular, by being aware of the transitions from doxa or 'dispositional opinion' to reflective opinion, Husserlian phenomenology gives a theoretical basis which we can dra…
The Changing Role of Education in the Marriage Market
Whether or not relative rates of assortative marriage have been rising in the affluent democracies has been subject to considerable dispute. First, we show how the conflicting empirical findings that have fueled the debate are frequently an artifact of alternative methodological strategies for answering the question. Then, drawing on comparable census data for Canada and the United States, we examine trends in educational homogamy and intermarria…
Why Did Employment and Earnings Rise among Lone Mothers in Canada during the 1980s and 1990s
Employment rates and earnings among Canadian lone mothers have improved significantly since 1980. Using microdata from the Census of Canada, we show that these changes were mainly the result of two major demographic developments: the postwar revolution in women's educational attainment, and the aging of the "baby boom" which amplified the effect of rising levels of educational attainment. Most of these gains, moreover, went to older lone mothers.…
Population diversity, multiculturalism, and the welfare state
This chapter argues that ethnic diversity has been largely absent in conventional welfare state theories, and that the evidence in this volume confirms that ethno-racial heterogeneity and MCPs have not played a significant role in the development of contemporary welfare states, outside the well-documented US case. However, evidence from the past, even the recent past, does not settle the issue for the future. There is still a danger, especially i…
Welfare States and Public Opinion
Neighbourhood inequality, neighbourhood affluence and population health
Aage B. Sørensen
Community Networks and Cultural Intermediaries
Using original research materials of in-depth interviews with community network development workers, multimedia and graphic designers, public authority managers, and a number of case studies (a Bangladeshi Electronic Village Hall, Manchester Multimedia and Networking Centre, the Manchester Community Information Network, and Virtual Manchester) this article traces out the views of interviewees on the trajectory of community and civic net provision…
Changing Colours
The social complexion of Canadian cities have been irreversibly altered since the 1960s as new waves of visible minority immigrants have replaced traditional white, European, migrant flows. For Canada and other nations with little prior history of "racial" diversity, this development raises the prospect of racialized urban ghettoes along American lines. We address this question with "locational attainment" models estimated with census micro-data …
From Doxa to Experience
This article examines Bourdieu's adoption of Husserl's concept of 'doxa' and argues that Bourdieu's reading of Husserl overpolarizes doxa (or sens pratique) and reflexivity. The article argues that there is a need for Bourdieusian sociology to adopt a more complex interpretation of Husserlian phenomenology in order to understand the potential range of states of consciousness between doxa and reflexivity. In contrast to Bourdieu's reading of Husse…
What Justice Requires
Low-Income Intensity during the 1990s
All countries look to economic growth to reduce low-income.This paper focuses on the 1990s and assesses the role played by changes in economic growth, employment earnings and government transfers in the patterns of low-income intensity in Canada during the 1990s.We find that low-income intensity was higher in most provinces during the 1990s than during the 1980s (comparing comparable positions in the business cycle).The largest increases were in …
Where Have All the Sociologists Gone? Explaining Economic Inequality
[T]he distribution of income [has] grown markedly more unequal over the past three decades....sociologists have been strangely and remarkably silent on these issues. (Morris and Western 1999: 623) Martina Morris and Mark Western's judgement of the contribution made by sociologists to the study of the changing structure of income inequality in recent years is both accurate and disturbing. Their point is not that sociologists have failed to take no…
Why We Need a New Welfare State
Leading scholars in the field examine the highly topical issue of the future of the welfare state in Europe. They argue that welfare states need to adjust, and examine which kind of welfare architecture will further Europe's stated goal of maximum social inclusion and justice. The volume concentrates on four principal social‐policy domains: the aged and transition to retirement; the welfare issues related to profound changes in working life; the …
Political Theories of the Welfare State
We review the main theoretical conclusions from a quarter century of comparative studies of welfare states in the affluent democracies. We contrast early debates over the relative importance of industrialization, economic growth, and social classes for explaining welfare state differences with contemporary claims about the role of globalization, postindustri-alism, and gender relations in shaping their futures. We evaluate the claims against rece…
Friedman's Revenge
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche
Neighbourhood inequality, neighbourhood affluence and population health
European Sociological Review
Interracial marriage and status-caste exchange in Canada and the United States
The status-caste exchange thesis has been a theoretical workhorse for the study of racial intermarriage in the United States since its introduction in the 1940s, and has enjoyed a revival in recent decades. Some recent studies, however, challenge this view. We test the thesis with multinomial logit regression using data on black-white marriages in the US and Canada. We find modest support for the theory in the US but not in Canada. In the US, whi…
Why Have Poorer Neighbourhoods Stagnated Economically while the Richer Have Flourished? Neighbourhood Income Inequality in Canadian Cities
Higher-income neighbourhoods in Canada’s eight largest cities flourished economically during the past quarter-century, while lower-income communities stagnated. This paper identifies some of the underlying processes that led to this outcome. Increasing family income inequality drove much of the rise in neighbourhood inequality. Increased spatial economic segregation, the increasing tendency of ‘like to live nearby like’, also played a role. It is…
From Doxa to Experience
This article examines Bourdieu's adoption of Husserl's concept of 'doxa' and argues that Bourdieu's reading of Husserl overpolarizes doxa (or sens pratique) and reflexivity. The article argues that there is a need for Bourdieusian sociology to adopt a more complex interpretation of Husserlian phenomenology in order to understand the potential range of states of consciousness between doxa and reflexivity. In contrast to Bourdieu's reading of Husse…
Old Age in the Welfare State
Where Have All the Sociologists Gone? Explaining Economic Inequality
[T]he distribution of income [has] grown markedly more unequal over the past three decades....sociologists have been strangely and remarkably silent on these issues. (Morris and Western 1999: 623) Martina Morris and Mark Western's judgement of the contribution made by sociologists to the study of the changing structure of income inequality in recent years is both accurate and disturbing. Their point is not that sociologists have failed to take no…
The expanding middle
Le débat sur la dé‐qualification des travailleurs et travailleuses soulève des questions considérables sur la nature de tendances récentes rencontrées au sein de la structure de classes. A partir de ľanalyse de sondages et de données du recensement, je conclus ici que les tendances réelles dans la distribution des qualifications sont plus complexes que ne le laissent entendre les thèses opposées de la dé‐qualification et de la re‐qualification. L…
Welfare States and Public Opinion
Varieties of federalism, institutional legacies, and social policy
Béland D, Myles J. Varieties of federalism, institutional legacies, and social policy: Comparing old‐age and unemployment insurance reform in Canada With reference to Canada, this article explores the politics of reform affecting two social insurance programs: Employment Insurance (EI) and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP). Comparing these two large, yet institutionally distinct, social insurance schemes underscores how institutional differences in p…
How to Design a "Liberal" Welfare State
My aim in this paper is to show how differences in the programmatic design of two otherwise "liberal" welfare regimes have generated substantially different patterns of welfare state retrenchment and distributive outcomes since the 1970s. Welfare regimes are distinguished by the principles and rules that regulate transactions between the three institutional nuclei from which individuals derive their "welfare" in modern capitalist societies—the st…
The Changing Role of Education in the Marriage Market
Whether or not relative rates of assortative marriage have been rising in the affluent democracies has been subject to considerable dispute. First, we show how the conflicting empirical findings that have fueled the debate are frequently an artifact of alternative methodological strategies for answering the question. Then, drawing on comparable census data for Canada and the United States, we examine trends in educational homogamy and intermarria…
Cross-country variation in interracial marriage
While black–white intermarriage is uncommon in the USA, blacks in Canada are just as likely to marry whites as to marry blacks. Asians, in contrast, are more likely to marry whites in the USA than in Canada. We test the claim that high rates of interracial marriage are indicative of high levels of social integration against Peter Blau's 'macrostructural' thesis that relative group size is the key to explaining differences in intermarriage rates a…
Decline or Impasse? The Current State of the Welfare State
Decline or Impasse? The Current State of the Welfare State." Studies in Political Economy, 26(1), pp. 73–107
Gender, power and postindustrialism
Dans cette communication, nous étudions le rôle du sexe dans l'organisation des rapports de production sur le marché du travail post‐industriel au Canada. L'article s'appuie d'abord sur les données des recensements de la période de 1941 à 1986 pour décrire les spécificités liées au sexe de la transition au post‐industrialisme telle que vécue par les hommes et les femmes. Le post‐industrialisme a entraîné un départ d'un grand nombre d'hommes de l'…
Changing Colours
The social complexion of Canadian cities have been irreversibly altered since the 1960s as new waves of visible minority immigrants have replaced traditional white, European, migrant flows. For Canada and other nations with little prior history of "racial" diversity, this development raises the prospect of racialized urban ghettoes along American lines. We address this question with "locational attainment" models estimated with census micro-data …
Institutionalization and Sick Role Identification Among the Elderly
The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects of institutionalization on patterns of sick role identification among the aged. The paper is an effort to test empirically the implications of Goffman's (1961) general analysis of total institutions and Freidson's (1970) analysis of the social organization of illness within such contexts. These analyses argue that the institutional organization of being ill tends to reinforce patterns of illnes…
Low-Income Intensity during the 1990s
All countries look to economic growth to reduce low-income.This paper focuses on the 1990s and assesses the role played by changes in economic growth, employment earnings and government transfers in the patterns of low-income intensity in Canada during the 1990s.We find that low-income intensity was higher in most provinces during the 1990s than during the 1980s (comparing comparable positions in the business cycle).The largest increases were in …
Social Transfers, Changing Family Structure and Low Income among Children
Our aim in this paper is to resolve a paradox. Despite declining real earnings among young adults, there has been no secular rise in child poverty. We show that the relative stability in child poverty is a result of two factors. First, the decline in market income in young families with children has been offset by rising transfers. Since the 1970s, social transfers have replaced earnings as the main source of income among low-income families with…
Introduction Understanding Canada
Income Replacement Rates among Canadian Seniors
Dans cet article, à partir d’une base de données longitudinales et en utilisant des modèles à effets fixes, nous évaluons l’effet que produit un divorce ou le décès du conjoint ou de la conjointe, après l’âge de 55 ans, sur les taux de remplacement du revenu pendant la retraite. Nos résultats montrent que, chez les femmes, la séparation et le divorce ont un effet négatif plus important que le veuvage. L’effet de la séparation et du divorce est pl…
What Justice Requires
Envisioning a Third Way
John Myles, Jill Quadagno, Envisioning a Third Way: The Welfare State in the Twenty-First Century, Contemporary Sociology, Vol. 29, No. 1, Utopian Visions: Engaged Sociologies for the 21st Century (Jan., 2000), pp. 156-167
Elite and Status Attainment Models of Inequality of Opportunity
Resume Cet article mets en parallele deux approches employees dans l'analyse de l'egalit6 des chances occupationnelles (equality of opportunity). L'une est caracterisee par des etudes sur les elites sociales, l'autre, se r6efre a la tradition du status attainment research. Nous demontrons qu'il n'est pas possible de r6soudre les oppositions trouvees dans ces deux traditions a partir des donn6es empiriques disponibles. Les resultats ne sont pas co…
Foreign Direct Investment and Canadian Entrepreneurship
The Use of Nominal Categories in Regression Analysis
Institutionalization and Sick Role Identification Among the Elderly
The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects of institutionalization on patterns of sick role identification among the aged. The paper is an effort to test empirically the implications of Goffman's (1961) general analysis of total institutions and Freidson's (1970) analysis of the social organization of illness within such contexts. These analyses argue that the institutional organization of being ill tends to reinforce patterns of illnes…
Institutionalization and disengagement among the elderly
Lanalyse qui suit présente les résultats d'une étude empirique comparant les relations sociales parmi les gens âgés demeurant au sein de la communautéà celles qui prévalent dans les foyers pour vieillards, et ce à partir d'un échantillon aléatoire de la population d‘àge avancé du Manitoba pour l'année 1971. Les résultats indiquent que ces vieillards, tout comme les résidents des “ghettos gris,” ont des niveaux d'interaction sociale plus élevés et…
Differences in the Canadian and American Class Vote
This paper reassesses Alford's comparative analyses of class voting in Canada and the United States and updates them to 1976. It is argued that Alford's finding that the class vote in Canada is substantially lower than that in the United States is an artifact of his classification scheme, which incorrectly superimposes the American party structure on Canadian political parties. When Canadian political parties are classified according to the major…
Reversing the Trend Toward Early Retirement
A History of Retirement
Bureaucracy and Democracy
Part 1: Theoretical Perspectives 1. Classical Theories: Marx, Michels, Mosca 2. Classical Theories: The Weberian Framework 3. Modern Theories: Pluralism and Government Overload 4. Modern Theories: The Technocratic View 5. Modern Theories: The Corporatist View 6. Modern Theories: The Marxist View 7. Bureaucratic Power - A Democratic Dilemma Part 2: Empirical Perspectives 8. The Development of Western Bureaucracy: Overview and Explanation 9. Recent…
Class, Power, and Pensions
Pensions Policy in Britain
Financing Social Security
Dependent industrialization and the Canadian class structure
Dans le passé, deux conclusions différentes ont été tirées sur les effets de l'histoire du Canada sur l'industrialisation, par rapport aux structures de classes canadiennes. D'une part, on a tiré argument du fait que le Canada a engendré une structure de classes non caractéristique au sein des pays capitalistes évolués et d'autre part, que les filiales (branch plant) ont crée l'américanisation de la structure de classes canadiennes. Dans cet arti…
Postwar Capitalism and the Extension of Social Security into a Retirement Wage
The Politics of Social Policy in the United States
The expanding middle
Le débat sur la dé‐qualification des travailleurs et travailleuses soulève des questions considérables sur la nature de tendances récentes rencontrées au sein de la structure de classes. A partir de ľanalyse de sondages et de données du recensement, je conclus ici que les tendances réelles dans la distribution des qualifications sont plus complexes que ne le laissent entendre les thèses opposées de la dé‐qualification et de la re‐qualification. L…
Social security and support of the elderly
Decline or Impasse? The Current State of the Welfare State
Decline or Impasse? The Current State of the Welfare State." Studies in Political Economy, 26(1), pp. 73–107
Why Some Peoples Are More Unemployed Than Others
Introduction Understanding Canada
New Productive Forces, Old Social Relations
Gender, power and postindustrialism
Dans cette communication, nous étudions le rôle du sexe dans l'organisation des rapports de production sur le marché du travail post‐industriel au Canada. L'article s'appuie d'abord sur les données des recensements de la période de 1941 à 1986 pour décrire les spécificités liées au sexe de la transition au post‐industrialisme telle que vécue par les hommes et les femmes. Le post‐industrialisme a entraîné un départ d'un grand nombre d'hommes de l'…
Old Age in the Welfare State
European Sociological Review
States, Labor Markets, and the Future of Old-Age Policy
Political science (54 obras) · Sociology (42 obras) · Economics (37 obras) · Law (33 obras) · Politics (25 obras) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (22 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Political economy (21 obras) · Demographic economics (13 obras) · Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism (13 obras)