Richard Crawford
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 87511 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Richard Crawford |
| NOMBRES | Richard |
| APELLIDO | Crawford |
| FIRMA | CRAWFORD R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Technology Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2404-641X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 96 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1113 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 97 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1953 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Buying and Selling Revisited
Department stores have been an integral part of Australia's fashion ecosystem, informing styles, tastes, and consumer aspirations. Buyers, promoters, and visual merchandisers have been integral to this process. By selecting, marketing, and presenting these fashions for public consumption, these roles functioned as fashion intermediaries. Drawing on oral histories and media sources spanning the 1960s to the 1990s, this article highlights how these…
Reflections on Healthism and Medicalization 45 Years Later
This reflective essay revisits the key interpretive concepts of ‘medicalization’ and ‘healthism’ that I employed in ‘Healthism and the Medicalization of Everyday Life’, published in 1980. The original article addressed the emergence in the United States of ‘a new health consciousness’ and related holistic health and self‐help movements in the late 1970s. I clarify and extend my use of the concept of medicalization, supplementing my original discu…
The Routledge Companion to the History of Advertising
“Okay We’re Doing My Idea”
Science and engineering practices are intended to engage students authentically in the work that scientists and engineers do in order to provide opportunities for meaningful engagement in disciplinary work, including design-based learning. Meaningful engagement, particularly for sensemaking purposes, requires a shift in who is leading the classroom community’s intellectual work, from the teacher to the students. When students are positioned with …
Energy security as a crucial component of health infrastructure
Energy security, defined as the availability of reliable, clean, and sustainable energy necessary to ensure the continuous operation of health-care facilities, is essential for delivering safe and effective health care. Yet, it is rarely measured, financed, or governed as a component of core health infrastructure. Evidence from nearly a thousand hospitals shows that power outages were common, especially in lower-income settings, disrupting surger…
Managing time, spending time
Talking at parties
Recent scholarship has considered the strategic actions taken by bureaucrats in response to the political environment, primarily related to regulatory activity. In this paper, we examine a new avenue of bureaucratic response to politics—tone shifts in annual reporting. Specifically, we use sentiment analysis to gauge shifts in bureaucratic language after a change in party control of government in U.S. states. Our sample includes the text of repor…
Advertising and marketing
Advertising plays a key role in supporting media and providing revenue and content in return for access to specific audiences. This chapter examines the structure, organisation and operations of Australia’s advertising industry, along with its changes and developments over time. It begins with an examination of the ways that advertising is defined and understood today before moving on to examine the industry’s constituent parts: the commercial me…
Behind the bargains and glamour
Advertising has played an integral in the story of the department store. Through advertisements, department stores were able to reach mass audiences and to entice them to visit their premises. While the images and messages contained in these advertisements has attracted significant attention from scholars, those responsible for creating and disseminating these advertisements have largely been overlooked. As major advertisers, department stores es…
An exploratory study of the goals science teachers’ satisfy by integrating engineering core ideas and practices into the science curriculum
Calls for engineering integration in pre-collegiate science courses are being made across the globe. The success of such efforts depends heavily on science teachers changing their instructional practices to include engineering. We conjecture when a science teacher chooses to make instructional change, including a change to integrate engineering practices and core ideas into science, the change helps them satisfy one or more of their goals. The pu…
A case study of science teachers' goal conflicts arising when integrating engineering into science classes
The Framework for K‐12 Science Education details new goals to guide improvement of US science education. Among the new goals, the inclusion of engineering core ideas and practices stand out. We report a case study of four 8th‐grade science teachers who chose to integrate engineering core ideas and practices into their science classes by teaching four STEM design challenges (SDC). This study focuses on understanding the goal conflicts arising from…
A Matter of Trust
As Australia's pioneering market research firm, the Ashby Research Service helped introduce market research to Australian businesses and played a leading role in building confidence in market research as a business investment. By examining the firm's activities and organisational operations from the 1930s to the 1970s, this article contends that the establishment, development, maintenance, and deepening of trust underpinned all aspects of the fir…
Salutarismo e medicalização da vida cotidiana
Este artigo trata de algumas implicações da nova consciência de saúde e seus movimentos – de saúde holística e autocuidado – para a definição e solução de problemas relacionados à ‘saúde’. O salutarismo representa um modo particular de considerar o problema da saúde e é característico desse novo tipo de consciência e de seus movimentos. Ele pode ser melhor entendido como uma forma de medicalização, no sentido de que ainda retém noções-chave da me…
Cousins Once Removed? Revisiting the Relationship between Oral History and Business History
This article analyses the evolving relationship between mainstream oral history and business oral history, and explores the ways in which the latter has been deployed and discussed in business history journals. Business historians have, until relatively recently, tended to utilize oral history as a means to fill gaps in the archive. Interviews thus made important contributions to business history studies, but much of their potential remained unta…
Off the Books
This article reflects on the contribution that oral history can make to business historians by examining the Australian advertising professionals’ experiences of working in Southeast Asia from the 1960s to the 1980s. Interviews with these advertising professionals examined the processes by which they entered the region as well as their experiences of working there. In addition to documenting information and insights that are altogether absent fro…
Testing the Market
In 1936, Sylvia Ashby opened the first independently owned market research firm in Australia. Over the next three and a half decades, the Ashby Research Service (ARS) conducted hundreds of surveys for various clients, including various newspapers and radio stations. The ARS provided important insights into the media’s audience demographics and, more importantly, their broader attitudes and opinions. Such research not only gauged the popularity of…
Devolving English Literature
GBS_insertPreviewButtonPopup('ISBN:9780748614295); This widely-praised book looks at the rise and fall of 'Britishness' in literature over the last three centuries. Arguing that for much of its history the subject of 'English Literature' has been bound up with an assumed English cultural centre, Devolving English Literature examines the literary construction and questioning of a British (rather than simply English) literary identity. Surveying ei…
Global Advertising Practice in a Borderless World
Creating a creative industry
In the post-industrial age, the creative industries and their economic contribution have attracted growing attention from scholars and policy-makers alike. Although there has been significant discussion about what industries constitute the creative industries, it has been widely and uncritically accepted that the advertising industry is one of them. However, discussions of the creative industries and their formation have been largely ahistorical.…
Non-White Race Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hospitalization for Aortic Dissection
Hospitalization for AD is more common among non-Whites, who develop AD at younger ages despite fewer comorbidities. While clinical correlates are limited from this dataset, this may reflect more severe pathophysiology related to clinical or socioeconomic factors among non-Whites. Further study is warranted to better define this disparity and identify high-risk subgroups who may benefit from aggressive primary prevention
Relocating Centers and Peripheries
The history of advertising's global expansion has generally focused on the activities and experiences of American-based agencies. Within these conventional narratives, the "center" of advertising lies in New York. Deemed "peripheral," markets such as Singapore scarcely feature. However, the transnational agencies operating in Singapore in the 1950s and 1960s challenge this narrative. By examining these agencies' activities during this period, thi…
A tale of two advertising cities
This paper examines the advertising industries in both Sydney and Melbourne and the development of a truly national industry from the 1920s to the 1980s. The relationship between the two cities has been largely complementary rather than confrontational, with Sydney's business acumen complemented by Melbourne's creativity. However, the growing concentration of business in Sydney would see its agencies and their client-focused culture emerge as the…
Fuging-tune
Singing-school
Robin Karr-Morse and Meredith S. Wiley
Healthism and the Medicalization of Everyday Life
This article considers some implications of the new health consciousness and movements-holistic health and self-care-for the definition of and solution to problems related to "health." Healthism represents a particular way of viewing the health problem, and is characteristic of the new health consciousness and movements. It can best be understood as a form of medicalization, meaning that it still retains key medical notions. Like medicine, health…
Health as a meaningful social practice
The pursuit of health has become a highly valued activity in modern and contemporary life, commanding enormous resources and generating an expansive professionalization and commercialization along with attendant goods, services and knowledge. Health has also become a focal, signifying practice. As a 'key word', health is constructed in relation to social structures and experience and systematically articulated with other meanings and practices. A…
The boundaries of the self and the unhealthy other
Risk Ritual and the Management of Control and Anxiety in Medical Culture
Medical culture in advanced technological societies is characterized by an abundance of warnings about health hazards, along with an equally abundant flow of prescriptive advice for protecting individuals against them. Knowledge of health hazards also defines living and working environments and has spawned a politics of regulatory control. These features of contemporary health consciousness and action, along with deepening insecurities in the lar…
Devolving English Literature
This widely-praised book looks at the rise and fall of 'Britishness' in literature over the last three centuries. Arguing that for much of its history the subject of 'English Literature' has been bound up with an assumed English cultural centre, Devolving English Literature examines the literary construction and questioning of a British (rather than simply English) literary identity. Surveying eighteenth and nineteenth-century writers, including …
Cousins Once Removed? Revisiting the Relationship between Oral History and Business History
This article analyses the evolving relationship between mainstream oral history and business oral history, and explores the ways in which the latter has been deployed and discussed in business history journals. Business historians have, until relatively recently, tended to utilize oral history as a means to fill gaps in the archive. Interviews thus made important contributions to business history studies, but much of their potential remained unta…
The construction of Australia Day
Australia Day is a foremost expression of Australian culture and identity, but historical and critical analysis shows that, far from being an organic or spontaneous expression and celebration of identity and culture, Australia's national day has been ‘manufactured’ by what can be identified as ‘new cultural intermediaries’. Drawing on but reinterpreting and updating Pierre Bourdieu's concept to account for twenty-first century media and public co…
On Two Traditions of Black Music Research
If we accept a simple dictionary definition of research as a diligent and systematic inquiry into a subject, then there is reason to place special value on black music research done by Afro-Americans themselves. Black American scholars who study black music can claim a share of common experience with the musicians they study. Both, after all, belong to an ethnic group that in the United States has diligently and systematically been singled out fo…
Robert Burns and Cultural Authority
Burns, Fergusson and fraternity, Robert Crawford Burns and sex, A.L. Kennedy Burns, women and song, Kirsteen McCue Burns and politics, Marilyn Butler Burns and America, Carol McGuirk Burns and God, Susan Manning Burns and verse form, Douglas Dunn Burns and romanticism, Nicholas Roe Burns and Kailyard, Andrew Nash Burns and MacDiarmid, Alan Riach Burns's art speech, Seamus Heaney
Learning to say g'day to the world
Twenty years after they were first broadcast, Australia’s tourism advertisements of the 1980s featuring Paul Hogan remain the measuring stick to which subsequent Australian tourism campaigns have been compared. This article contends that such comparisons are flawed, as they fail to pay adequate attention to the context surrounding this campaign. In order to understand the reasons for Hogan’s success, it is necessary to explore the ways in which c…
The quest for legitimacy
The advent of mass advertising has left an indelible imprint on twentieth century Australia. Advertising's rise is a measure of the new technologies of mass communication, mass production, and mass consumption. The growth and development of advertising, however, cannot be separated from the steadily growing scale, sophistication, and status of the advertising industry. Between 1900 and the late 1960s, the ‘advertising profession’, as it came to s…
Nothing to Sell?—Australia's Advertising Industry at War, 1939–1945
(2002). Nothing to Sell?—Australia's Advertising Industry at War, 1939–1945. War & Society: Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 99-124
Off the Books
This article reflects on the contribution that oral history can make to business historians by examining the Australian advertising professionals’ experiences of working in Southeast Asia from the 1960s to the 1980s. Interviews with these advertising professionals examined the processes by which they entered the region as well as their experiences of working there. In addition to documenting information and insights that are altogether absent fro…
Fighting a Lost Campaign
`Politics, culture, and technology, claims Juliann Sivulka, `helped shape advertising in the 1960s (290). In the United States, this combination of influences gave rise to the so called Creative Revolution. This Revolution within advertising ranks produced advertisements that utilised `creative playfulness . . . to make the receiver feel better about advertising (Heller). Avis famous confession `Avis is only No.2 . . . we try harder and Volkswage…
Edward MacDowell
After American-born, European-trained Edward MacDowell returned to the United States in 1888 and settled in Boston, he was welcomed as the composer American music had been awaiting. Enhanced by a professorship at Columbia University (1896-1904), his fame drew him into the current debate over musical nationalism. MacDowell relished the role of American composer, using national elements to approach artistic universality. "To a Wild Rose" for piano …
Devolving English Literature
GBS_insertPreviewButtonPopup('ISBN:9780748614295); This widely-praised book looks at the rise and fall of 'Britishness' in literature over the last three centuries. Arguing that for much of its history the subject of 'English Literature' has been bound up with an assumed English cultural centre, Devolving English Literature examines the literary construction and questioning of a British (rather than simply English) literary identity. Surveying ei…
Ignoble but lucrative”
Advertising's shady reputation can be traced back to the fantastic claims and impossible promises made by quack medicine proprietors in their advertising columns. While the quack's cures could be as medicinal as the ink in which their advertisements were printed, they nevertheless succeeded in forging a lucrative trade. In the process, they also exerted a significant impact on advertising and the advertising industry. This article traces the hist…
Celebration of Another Nation
Historians and contemporary critics have generally taken a dim view of Australia's Bicentennial celebrations in 1988, labelling them a wasted opportunity to redress the nation's previous wrongs. While these claims certainly have a point, they have nevertheless tended to adopt a simplified image of the Bicentenary and its significance. This article re‐visits the Bicentenary by undertaking a more nuanced reading of the events and discourse surround…
Where Did Porgy and Bess Come From
In 1924, Metropolitan Opera board chairman Otto Kahn proposed that the yet-to-be-written Great American Opera might well be a "jazz opera." Eleven years later, George Gershwin's engagement with Kahn's idea came to fruition in Porgy and Bess (1935), set to a libretto by DuBose Heyward, based on Heyward's novella Porgy (1925) and his play of the same name staged in 1927. Several months before Porgy was published, Gershwin had already decided that a…
Selling or buying American dreams
During the interwar period, the US industrial and financial sectors expanded at a phenomenal rate. Despite the Depression, America had become an economic, industrial, and cultural powerhouse by the beginning of the Second World War. The advertising industry had been both a beneficiary of this growth and, indeed, a key contributor – spreading the American Dream to national and international audiences, including Australia. An important member of th…
Musicology and the Australian bicentenary
The musical world in which we live is shaped by composers, performers and listeners, and the role of scholars in it is a secondary one. We scholars are more observers than participants. Rather than shapers of the tradition, we are preservers and interpreters of it, though from time to time we carry on excavations that contribute to its public aspects. We try to be there when other musicians and listeners need us. And we are delighted when they ac…
Smoky Mountain Country
Jonathan Worth
Journal Article Jonathan Worth: A Biography of a Southern Unionist. By Richard L. Zuber. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1965. 351 pp. Illustration, notes, selected bibliography, and index. $7.50.) Get access Robert Gunn Crawford Robert Gunn Crawford East Tennessee State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 52, Issue 2, September 1965, Pages 396–3…
Cultural Change and Communications in Morocco
One of the significant, but difficult to measure, factors effecting cultural change is communication. Communication is achieved consciously and unconsciously, passively and deliberately, in many ways. It utilizes, and stimulates, all of man's traditionally defined senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. And these senses utilize and stimulate communication. In this article we shall consider only the deliberate and conscious manipulation o…
The Performance of William Billings' Music
Peer Reviewed
American Studies and American Musicology
William Billings of Boston
William Billings of Boston
You are Dangerous to Your Health
This article describes the emergence of an ideology which blames the individual for her or his illness and proposes that, instead of relying on costly and inefficient medical services, the individual should take more responsibility for her or his health. At-risk behavior is seen as the problem and changing life-style, through education and/or economic sanctions, as the solution. The emergence of the ideology is explained by the contradictions ari…
East Timor
Vertical Integration, Appropriable Rents, and the Competitive Contracting Process
Healthism and the Medicalization of Everyday Life
This article considers some implications of the new health consciousness and movements-holistic health and self-care-for the definition of and solution to problems related to "health." Healthism represents a particular way of viewing the health problem, and is characteristic of the new health consciousness and movements. It can best be understood as a form of medicalization, meaning that it still retains key medical notions. Like medicine, health…
Cancer and corporations
A Historian's Introduction to Early American Music
Musical Learning in Nineteenth-Century America
American musical historiography has been dominated by two different perspectives. Nineteenthand twentieth-century writers, from Frederic Louis Ritter, Oscar Sonneck, and Louis Elson to John Tasker Howard and H. Earle Johnson, accepting music as a European-based art, have told history of music on American soil through tracing extension of European music-making, especially its art music, to New World. In their chronicles, beginning with seventeenth…
Hallelujah, Amen! The Story of the Handel and Haydn Society of Boston
Musicology and the Australian bicentenary
The musical world in which we live is shaped by composers, performers and listeners, and the role of scholars in it is a secondary one. We scholars are more observers than participants. Rather than shapers of the tradition, we are preservers and interpreters of it, though from time to time we carry on excavations that contribute to its public aspects. We try to be there when other musicians and listeners need us. And we are delighted when they ac…
The Social Geography of Medicine and Health. John Eyles , K. J. Woods
Pater's Renaissance, Andrew Lang, and Anthropological Romanticism
Walter Pater's Notes on Leonardo da Vinci first appeared in Fortnightly Review for November 1, 1869. Next to it was a poem by Swinburne (Intercession). same issue also contained the second part of The Worship of Animals and Plants by the pioneer anthropologist, J. F. McLennan, a piece dealing with primitive totemism. This collocation is an emblematic one. It is important to remember that the period was not only one in which Renan was first being …
The Core Repertory of Early American Psalmody
On Two Traditions of Black Music Research
If we accept a simple dictionary definition of research as a diligent and systematic inquiry into a subject, then there is reason to place special value on black music research done by Afro-Americans themselves. Black American scholars who study black music can claim a share of common experience with the musicians they study. Both, after all, belong to an ethnic group that in the United States has diligently and systematically been singled out fo…
Response to Tim Rice
First, I'd like to say, as a historical musicologist nosing around the fringes of ethnomusicology, that I find very appealing the idea that the agenda of a whole field can be distilled into one comprehensible sentence. Rice has come up here with a kind of Swiss army knife of musicology. In effect, he has chosen those professional tools that are absolutely essential, reduced them to miniature form, and connected them in a smooth, thoroughly portab…
Howard Wechsler (1942-1986)
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An American Music
America's Music
Bibliographical Handbook of American Music
Political science (37 obras) · Art (34 obras) · Business (31 obras) · Sociology (31 obras) · Advertising (24 obras) · History (23 obras) · Law (23 obras) · Musicology and Musical Analysis (20 obras) · Australian History and Society (19 obras) · Computer Science (19 obras)