B Markovsky
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 887 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | B Markovsky |
| NOMBRES | B |
| APELLIDO | Markovsky |
| FIRMA | MARKOVSKY B |
| AFILIACIONES | University of South Carolina |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7925-4297 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 60 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 610 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 60 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1984 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Framing Perceptions of Justice in a Public Goods Dilemma
Theory in Action
Micro–Macro Links
Microsociological and macrosociological theories address social phenomena at different levels or scales. Macrosociology addresses large‐scale phenomena such as institutions and stratification systems. Microsociology operates at smaller scales such as interpersonal resource exchanges and conversation analysis. For many decades macrosociology and microsociology have developed almost independently of one another. From time to time, the question of h…
Interpersonal communication about pictorial health warnings on cigarette packages
This study evaluated the relationship between interpersonal communication about cigarette health warning labels (HWLs), psychological responses to HWLs, and smoking cessation attempts. Data were analyzed from online consumer panels of adult smokers in Australia, Canada and Mexico, during implementation of new pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packs. Approximately 1000 adult smokers were surveyed in each country every four months…
Mysticism
Mysticism and related concepts have appeared in a variety of academic and nonacademic contexts. We begin by narrowing our focus to several general definitions that emphasize properties that have proved to be of interest to social and behavioral scientists. In such contexts, mystical knowledge typically refers to a special kind of positive, life‐changing sense of comprehending the universe, and a mystical experience is the physical and psychologic…
Theory and Methods
Theories organize and manipulate elements in a world of ideas and mental constructs, and express them through words and symbols. In contrast, methods organize and manipulate elements in the natural world of concrete objects and events, including people. Although “theory” has a variety of meanings in sociology, a definition that is both widely shared within the field and consistent with use in mainstream sciences is the following: A theory is a se…
Theory
There are many different views in sociology about what theory is and what it should be. Many of these views are complementary, referring to different aspects of the process of theorizing, or to particular qualities that are more or less emphasized by different theorists. Other views about the nature of theories are so disparate as to actually contradict one another; yet, rightly or wrongly, they coexist peacefully across different streams of soci…
Theory Construction
Theory construction is the process of formulating and assembling components of theories into coherent wholes, or the process of revising and expanding theories in light of logical, semantic, and empirical analyses. Every theory in sociology has gone through some type of construction process. However, the “theory” label has traditionally been used to refer to a variety of rhetorical objects, constructed according to criteria that are sometimes mut…
Comparing Direct and Indirect Measures of Just Rewards
We offer the first comparison between 'direct' and 'indirect' methods for measuring perceptions of distributive justice in reward allocations. The direct method simply asks respondents what they would consider to be a fair salary for a particular person in a given set of circumstances. In contrast, the indirect method infers fair salaries from respondents' judgments about the relative unfairness of hypothetical salaries. The particular indirect m…
Comparing Direct and Indirect Measures of Just Rewards
We offer the first comparison between 'direct' and 'indirect' methods for measuring perceptions of distributive justice in reward allocations. The direct method simply asks respondents what they would consider to be a fair salary for a particular person in a given set of circumstances. In contrast, the indirect method infers fair salaries from respondents' judgments about the relative unfairness of hypothetical salaries. The particular indirect m…
Network knowledge and the use of power
Power and the perception of social networks
The Paranormal and the Politics of Truth
Graduate Training in Sociological Theory and Theory Construction
Nearly all of sociology's top graduate training programs require their students to complete one or two courses on sociological theory. The instructors for these courses have an extraordinary opportunity to affect the perspectives and practices of future generations of scholars. This study assesses the backgrounds, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of those instructors regarding different approaches to theorizing, with particular attention paid to…
Theory and Methods
Theories organize and manipulate elements in a world of ideas. In contrast, methods organize and manipulate elements in the natural world, the world of concrete objects and events. Although theory has a variety of meanings in sociology, a definition that is both widely shared within the field and also consistent with the term's use in mainstream sciences is the following: a theory is a set of abstract, general, logically related statements formul…
Theory Construction
In sociology, the term theory is used in a variety of ways, not all of which are mutually compatible. For present purposes we adopt a definition that is consistent with how the term is used by many sociologists, and by most scientists outside of our field: a theory is a set of explicit, abstract, general, logically related statements formulated to explain phenomena in the natural world. Theory construction is then the process of formulating and a…
Theory
There are many different views in sociology about what theory is and what it should be. Many of these views are complementary, referring to different aspects of the process of theorizing, or to particular qualities that are more or less emphasized by different theorists. Some views are so disparate, however, as to be mutually incompatible, even while achieving legitimacy within mutually exclusive streams of sociological work. The purpose here is …
Micro‐Macro Links
Macrosociology addresses large‐scale phenomena such as institutional systems, whereas microsociology deals with smaller‐scale phenomena such as interpersonal behavior. Over the years, the theoretical agendas of macrosociology and microsociology have developed almost independently of one another. For some time, the issue of how to link these disparate levels of analysis – or how to close what is often termed the “micro‐macro gap” – has been debate…
From Status to Power
The study of group processes has benefited from longstanding programs of theory-driven research on status and power. The present work constructs a bridge between two formal theories of status and power: Status Characteristics Theory and Network Exchange Theory. Two theoretical models, one for “status value” and one for “status influence,” illuminate the underlying mechanisms whereby status differences between individuals lead to power differences…
Social Influence on Paranormal Beliefs
In spite of strong public expressions of skepticism from the scienti c community, polls show that more than nine out of ten American adults profess belief in paranormal phenomena.Some scientists view this as a social problem, directing much blame (but little research) at a variety of sources including lack of critical thinking skills, fads, need for transcendent experiences, failure of the educational system, and cultural cycles.Social impact the…
Lines of Power in Exchange Networks
Network exchange theory (NET) predicts differences in the resource accumulations of positions in interconnected groups of actors. The theory distinguishes between two types of networks-strong and weak power. To date only a few studies have tested the theory under weak power conditions. In the present research we investigate six line networks that contain elements of both strong and weak power. Line networks have been particularly important in the…
Prospects for Distributive Justice Theory
Network Exchange Theory
Henry A. Walker, Shane R. Thye, Brent Simpson, Michael J. Lovaglia, David Willer, Barry Markovsky, Network Exchange Theory: Recent Developments and New Directions, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 4, Special Millenium Issue on the State of Sociological Social Psychology (Dec., 2000), pp. 324-337
Epistemic Cultures
Justice and Injustice
Power Relations in Exchange Networks
Many theories address the problem of how a social structure affects the experiences and behaviors of its members.This paper offers a network-exchange theory to solve this problem.Previous research has shown that the nature and outcomes of negotiations among individual or corporate actors can be inferred from their network positions.The impact of this research has been limited because its theory does not enable the researcher to locate power posit…
Toward a Multilevel Distributive Justice Theory
This theory of distributive justice integrates and refines ideas from the equity, distributive justice and relative deprivation approaches in a formal framework spanning levels of analysis. It assumes that individuals form judgments about the propriety of reward allocations based upon social comparisons across individuals, groups or standards, and that all such comparisons are potential sources for feelings of injustice and justice-restoring beha…
Status Processes and Mental Ability Test Scores
The expected consequences of a score on an ability test can constrain individual performance. The authors predict that status processes, including status differences and the differences in rewards and costs that result, will produce differences in ability test scores between high-status and low-status individuals. In three controlled experi- ments, participants randomly assigned low status scored lower on a standard test of mental ability (the Ra…
The Seeds of Weak Power
We extend network exchange theory (Markovsky, Willer, and Patton 1988) to accommodate a new class of phenomena. Previous theory and research have shown that structural configurations in some networks promote or inhibit exchange opportunities, leading to robust and resource differentials. The extension identifies a structural basis for subtler forms of differentiation. Using computer simulations and laboratory experiments, we show that the degree …
Structural Social Psychology and the Micro-Macro Problem
A unique multilevel perspective is explicated to help build theorical bridges between micro and macro levels of analysis in sociology. The perspective portrays actors as having minimal properties of purposiveness and responsiveness, encounters as interaction episodes between multiple actors, microstructures as local patterns of interaction emerging from and subsequently influencing encounters, and macrostructures as networks of social positions. …
Do Status Interventions Persist
A body of research within the status characteristics and expectation states program is concerned with eliminating status disadvantages in a single, collective group-task situation. The present work attempts to determine the extent to which such status interventions will transfer across different group tasks and partners. We argue that this problem can be solved using the theory of status characteristics and expectation states by extending the the…
Toward Multilevel Sociological Theories
interesting and important social phenomena can be explained by the operation of supraindividual factors, i.e., at a level of analysis involving social structures and/or aggregations of some form. The study of population ecology manifests this approach most clearly and extremely (e.g., Hannan and Freeman, 1977; Hawley, 1950). A pure individualist, in contrast, asserts that all interesting and important social phenomena can be explained in terms of…
Injustice and arousal
Anchoring Justice
Negotiated Exchanges in Social Networks
Network Exchange Theory
Henry A. Walker, Shane R. Thye, Brent Simpson, Michael J. Lovaglia, David Willer, Barry Markovsky, Network Exchange Theory: Recent Developments and New Directions, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 4, Special Millenium Issue on the State of Sociological Social Psychology (Dec., 2000), pp. 324-337
Power and Influence
Journal Article Power and Influence: A Theoretical Bridge Get access David Willer, David Willer University of South Carolina Direct correspondence to David Willer, Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael J. Lovaglia, Michael J. Lovaglia University of Iowa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Barry…
From Status to Power
The study of group processes has benefited from longstanding programs of theory-driven research on status and power. The present work constructs a bridge between two formal theories of status and power: Status Characteristics Theory and Network Exchange Theory. Two theoretical models, one for “status value” and one for “status influence,” illuminate the underlying mechanisms whereby status differences between individuals lead to power differences…
Graduate Training in Sociological Theory and Theory Construction
Nearly all of sociology's top graduate training programs require their students to complete one or two courses on sociological theory. The instructors for these courses have an extraordinary opportunity to affect the perspectives and practices of future generations of scholars. This study assesses the backgrounds, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of those instructors regarding different approaches to theorizing, with particular attention paid to…
Lines of Power in Exchange Networks
Network exchange theory (NET) predicts differences in the resource accumulations of positions in interconnected groups of actors. The theory distinguishes between two types of networks-strong and weak power. To date only a few studies have tested the theory under weak power conditions. In the present research we investigate six line networks that contain elements of both strong and weak power. Line networks have been particularly important in the…
Power in Exchange Networks
B. Markovsky et al. examinent de facon critique la theorie des phenomenes de pouvoir, dans le cadre des reseaux sociaux d'echange, developpee par K. Yamaguchi. Ils estiment que son modele presente des contradictions. Ils mettent en doute la validite des indicateurs utilises. Ils affirment que les analyses de Yamaguchi sont erronees en ce sens qu'elles ne parviennent pas a etre confirmees statistiquement. K. Yamaguchi replique a Markovsky et al.. …
Comparing Direct and Indirect Measures of Just Rewards
We offer the first comparison between 'direct' and 'indirect' methods for measuring perceptions of distributive justice in reward allocations. The direct method simply asks respondents what they would consider to be a fair salary for a particular person in a given set of circumstances. In contrast, the indirect method infers fair salaries from respondents' judgments about the relative unfairness of hypothetical salaries. The particular indirect m…
Developing an Exchange Network Simulator
X-Net' is a computer simulation that I developed in conjunction with Network Exchange Theory. Users of X-Net can explore the effects of different network structures, rules of exchange, and negotiators' strategies on the dynamics and outcomes of resource exchanges in social networks. This article recounts the process of X-Net's development, in addition to key substantive, theoretical, and design issues that motivated its form and content. It concl…
Responses to Social Exchange and Social Exclusion in Networks
Journal Article Responses to Social Exchange and Social Exclusion in Networks Get access Shane R. Thye, Shane R. Thye University of Iowa Direct correspondence to the authors at the Department of Sociology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael J. Lovaglia, Michael J. Lovaglia University of Iowa Direct correspondence to the authors at the Department of Sociology, U…
Network Games
The articles by Bienenstock/Bonacich and Willer/Skvoretz claim similar goals: to explore ways that game theory and network exchange theory may inform one another. Willer and Skvoretz offer a method for conceptualizing the micro-processes of network exchange theory in game theoretic terms, and conduct empirical tests of the resulting new formulation. Bienenstock and Bonacich make explicit attempts to supplant network exchange formulations with gam…
Theory in Action
Interpersonal communication about pictorial health warnings on cigarette packages
This study evaluated the relationship between interpersonal communication about cigarette health warning labels (HWLs), psychological responses to HWLs, and smoking cessation attempts. Data were analyzed from online consumer panels of adult smokers in Australia, Canada and Mexico, during implementation of new pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packs. Approximately 1000 adult smokers were surveyed in each country every four months…
The Paranormal and the Politics of Truth
Comparing Direct and Indirect Measures of Just Rewards
We offer the first comparison between 'direct' and 'indirect' methods for measuring perceptions of distributive justice in reward allocations. The direct method simply asks respondents what they would consider to be a fair salary for a particular person in a given set of circumstances. In contrast, the indirect method infers fair salaries from respondents' judgments about the relative unfairness of hypothetical salaries. The particular indirect m…
Social Influence on Paranormal Beliefs
In spite of strong public expressions of skepticism from the scienti c community, polls show that more than nine out of ten American adults profess belief in paranormal phenomena.Some scientists view this as a social problem, directing much blame (but little research) at a variety of sources including lack of critical thinking skills, fads, need for transcendent experiences, failure of the educational system, and cultural cycles.Social impact the…
Do Status Interventions Persist
A body of research within the status characteristics and expectation states program is concerned with eliminating status disadvantages in a single, collective group-task situation. The present work attempts to determine the extent to which such status interventions will transfer across different group tasks and partners. We argue that this problem can be solved using the theory of status characteristics and expectation states by extending the the…
Personality, Power, and Authority
Toward a Multilevel Distributive Justice Theory
This theory of distributive justice integrates and refines ideas from the equity, distributive justice and relative deprivation approaches in a formal framework spanning levels of analysis. It assumes that individuals form judgments about the propriety of reward allocations based upon social comparisons across individuals, groups or standards, and that all such comparisons are potential sources for feelings of injustice and justice-restoring beha…
Testing Justice Theories with Blockmodels
Journal Article Testing Justice Theories with Blockmodels Get access Barry Markovsky, Barry Markovsky University of Iowa Address correspondence to Barry Markovsky, Department of Sociology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thomas W. Ford Thomas W. Ford University of Iowa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 65,…
Toward Multilevel Sociological Theories
interesting and important social phenomena can be explained by the operation of supraindividual factors, i.e., at a level of analysis involving social structures and/or aggregations of some form. The study of population ecology manifests this approach most clearly and extremely (e.g., Hannan and Freeman, 1977; Hawley, 1950). A pure individualist, in contrast, asserts that all interesting and important social phenomena can be explained in terms of…
Distributive Justice
Anchoring Justice
Power Relations in Exchange Networks
Many theories address the problem of how a social structure affects the experiences and behaviors of its members.This paper offers a network-exchange theory to solve this problem.Previous research has shown that the nature and outcomes of negotiations among individual or corporate actors can be inferred from their network positions.The impact of this research has been limited because its theory does not enable the researcher to locate power posit…
Injustice and arousal
[Anchoring Justice]
Advances in Group Processes
Advances in Group Processes
Social Exchange Theory
Group Processes
Social Identifications
Foreward. Preface. 1. Introduction 2. The social identity approach: context and content 3. Intergroup behaviour 4. From stereotyping to ideology 5. Intragroup behaviour: Processes within the groups 6. Social presence and social performance 7. Collective behaviour 8. Conformity and social influence 9. Language, speech, and communication 10. Conclusions References. Author index. Subject index
Advances in Group Processes
Advances in Group Processes
Network exchange outcomes
Advances in Group Processes
Profits of Omission
The Seeds of Weak Power
We extend network exchange theory (Markovsky, Willer, and Patton 1988) to accommodate a new class of phenomena. Previous theory and research have shown that structural configurations in some networks promote or inhibit exchange opportunities, leading to robust and resource differentials. The extension identifies a structural basis for subtler forms of differentiation. Using computer simulations and laboratory experiments, we show that the degree …
Structural Social Psychology and the Micro-Macro Problem
A unique multilevel perspective is explicated to help build theorical bridges between micro and macro levels of analysis in sociology. The perspective portrays actors as having minimal properties of purposiveness and responsiveness, encounters as interaction episodes between multiple actors, microstructures as local patterns of interaction emerging from and subsequently influencing encounters, and macrostructures as networks of social positions. …
Artificial Social Intelligence
Sociologists have begun to explore the gains for theory and research that might be achieved by artificial intelligence technology: symbolic processors, expert systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms, and classifier systems. The first major accomplishments of artificial social intelligence (ASI) have been in the realm of theory, where these techniques have inspired new theories as well as helping to render existing theories more rigorous. Two…
Advances in Group Processes, Volume 10
Negotiated Exchanges in Social Networks
Sociology (35 obras) · Psychology (28 obras) · Computer Science (27 obras) · Social Power and Status Dynamics (21 obras) · Social Psychology (19 obras) · Economics (18 obras) · Epistemology (17 obras) · Social science (16 obras) · Mathematics (15 obras) · Political science (15 obras)