Robert N Emde
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 891455 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Robert N Emde |
| NOMBRES | Robert N |
| APELLIDO | Emde |
| FIRMA | EMDE R N |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Colorado Health |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 57 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 298 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1967 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2017 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
The Worldwide Burden of Infant Mental and Emotional Disorder
Children worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Doh…
Building a Solid Platform for the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood ( Dc
Toddler Socioemotional Behavior in a Northern Plains Indian Tribe
M.C. Sarche, C.D. Croy, C. Big Crow, C. Mitchell, and P. Spicer (2009) provided first-ever information relating the socioemotional development of American Indian toddlers to the immediate context of their mothers' lives. The current study sought to replicate and build on their earlier work by examining the impact of additional maternal risk factors, identified in previous research with non-American Indian populations, on the development of Americ…
Early Parenting and Prevention of Disorder
Embodiment - ein innovatives Konzept für Entwicklungsforschung und Psychoanalyse
Remembering Daniel Stern (1934–2012)
Key words: Education Section, Obituaries
Emotional Expression and Language
Children's emotional expression and language both develop during infancy and early childhood, yet these two communication systems have been studied primarily in isolation. This study focuses instead on assessing the relation between them just as productive language emerges during toddlerhood. Seventy‐seven typically developing, firstborn toddlers and their families were recruited at 13 months of age. Using an extreme groups design, earlier and la…
Emotional Expression and Language
Book Essay
Potentials for infant mental health
Themes of the Congress carried forward the pioneering contributions of Rene Spitz and Takeo Doi. Contributions to infant mental health included those dealing with: (a) relatedness, (b) positive rewards of infancy, (c) disruptions of relatedness and rewards, (d) assessments, and (e) interventions. Contributions from infant mental health and bridging to the future included those regarding: (a) prevention, (b) policy, and (c) advances for science an…
Trajectories of cognitive development among American Indian young children
Children who begin kindergarten with stronger skills learn faster than do those who enter with lower skills. Minority children tend to enter kindergarten already at a disadvantage, and the gap widens across time. However, little is known about cognitive development among American Indian young children. In this study, 110 American Indian infants from one Northern Plains reservation community were assessed four times between ages 6 months and 36 mo…
Developmentally sensitive diagnostic criteria for mental health disorders in early childhood
As the infant mental health field has turned its focus to the presentation, course, and treatment of clinically significant mental health disorders, the need for reliable and valid criteria for identifying and assessing mental health symptoms and disorders in early childhood has become urgent. In this article we offer a critical perspective on diagnostic classification of mental health disorders in young children. We place the issue of early chil…
Innovation in Child Psychoanalytic Training
A five-year evaluative research project regarding an innovation in psychoanalytic training within institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association (APsaA) was conducted through the Committee on Child and Adolescent Analysis (COCAA) of its Board on Professional Standards, which led to significant policy changes within APsaA’s Principles and Standards of Education. Eleven candidates at four different institutes (Columbia, Denver, Houston-Galve…
Embodiment and Our Immersion With Others
Culture, diagnostic assessment, and identity
How Do We Evaluate Learning From the Curriculum? Thirty Phone Interviews With Institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association
A telephone survey of curriculum directors of the thirty institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association revealed that 75 percent of institutes highly value the importance of evaluating what candidates learn from the curriculum. Paradoxically, however, most institutes do not do evaluations in this area. Typically, institutes evaluate candidates' satisfaction with courses, or their attendance and conduct in classes, rather than learning per …
Mental Health Moderators of Early Head Start on Parenting and Child Development
Objective. Interventions designed to help parents and infants living in poverty could show greatest positive impacts on those participants who have multiple risks. In this study, we examine 2 maternal mental health risks (depression and insecure attitudes toward relationships) that were assessed prior to random assignment as potential moderators of 2 Early Head Start (EHS) programs impacts on parent-child interaction and child development. Design…
Healing After Columbine
Following the shootings at Columbine High School on April 20, 1999, the Denver Psychoanalytic Society provided both immediate and long-term interventions to those closely impacted by the tragedy. In this effort, analytically trained volunteers faced many personal challenges and role adjustments. To address these issues a reflective study group was formed twenty months after the traumatic event. Group discussions revealed a surprising number of re…
The cup is half full
Fathering relationships and their associations with juvenile delinquency
This study explores the intergenerational transmission of fathering by addressing the associations between men's relationship with their father, their attachment to their children, self‐assessment of themselves as fathers, and antisocial behavior. Subjects for this study were 87 men who were identified as fathers or father figures by women involved in two Early Head Start sites in Denver, Colorado. They were interviewed about their experiences wh…
A Korean syndrome of attachment disturbance mimicking symptoms of pervasive developmental disorder
The variations of disturbances in attachment have received little attention in a cultural context. This report describes a clinical syndrome of 25 Korean children (2 to 4 years of age) who presented with serious disturbances of attachment relationships with caregivers and with problems in social and language development, in some ways mimicking symptoms of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). The children did not have a history of severe abuse …
Effect of maltreatment on preschoolers' narrative representations of responses to relieve distress and of role reversal
A total of 80 low-socioeconomic status maltreated preschoolers were contrasted with 27 nonmaltreated preschoolers on their narrative representations. The children completed story stems, taken from the MacArthur Story-Stem Battery (MSSB; I. Bretherton, D. Oppenheim, H. Buchsbaum, R. N. Emde, & the MacArthur Narrative Group, 1990), that introduced stressful family situations. Using the MacArthur narrative coding manual (J. Robinson, L. Mantz-Simmon…
Moving Ahead
The author argues that psychoanalytic clinical thinking has evolved towards an organisational model of affect and that multidisciplinary research broadens this thinking. Integrative influences of affective processes have been given little attention in psychoanalytic theory. Such influences are reviewed using examples from research in early development. Affective processes are shown to provide integrative influences across systems in an individual…
Integrating an emotional regulation perspective in a program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation
This paper highlights theoretical and practical issues concerning the ways in which emotional development and regulation processes of the mother-infant dyad are influenced by home visitation. The role of emotion regulation and emotional availability, important mediators of program influence on a variety of child and family outcomes are discussed. Emotion regulating capacities of the infant are reviewed in light of both early intervention and late…
Emotion regulation in mother-child narrative co-construction
The associations were studied between early mother-child co-construction of a separation-reunion narrative and children's concurrent and later (a) emotion narratives and (b) behavior problems. Fifty-one children and their mothers were observed during a co-construction task when the children were age 4 1/2. At ages 4 1/2 and 5 1/2, children's narratives were elicited using the MacArthur Story-Stem Battery (MSSB), and mothers completed the Child Be…
The development of empathy in twins
This study examined empathy in 94 monozygotic (MZ) and 90 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs during the 2nd year of life. Children's reactions to simulations of distress in others were videotaped in home and laboratory settings. Some components of concern for others increased with age between 14 and 20 months for both MZ and DZ twins. Girls scored higher than boys on most of these observational measures. The different components (e.g., emotional concern, …
Maternal emotional signaling
Facial expressions of emotion are not merely responses indicative of internal states, they are also stimulus patterns that regulate the behavior of others. A series of four studies indicate that, by 12 months of age, human infants seek out and use such facial expressions to disambiguate situations. The deep side of a visual cliff was adjusted to a height that produced no clear avoidance and much referencing of the mother. If a mother posed joy or…
Effect of maltreatment on preschoolers' narrative representations of responses to relieve distress and of role reversal
A total of 80 low-socioeconomic status maltreated preschoolers were contrasted with 27 nonmaltreated preschoolers on their narrative representations. The children completed story stems, taken from the MacArthur Story-Stem Battery (MSSB; I. Bretherton, D. Oppenheim, H. Buchsbaum, R. N. Emde, & the MacArthur Narrative Group, 1990), that introduced stressful family situations. Using the MacArthur narrative coding manual (J. Robinson, L. Mantz-Simmon…
Mobilizing Fundamental Modes of Development
A positive developmental thrust becomes mobilized by virtue of therapeutic action. This thrust is specified in terms of a set of fundamental modes of development that are biologically prepared and have been identified through recent research. The modes are first apparent in infancy and continue throughout life. The setting conditions which allow for the fundamental modes of development to be reactivated are provided by the therapeutic relationshi…
Mother's presence is not enough
Changing Models Of Infancy And The Nature Of Early Development
Emotion regulation in mother–child narrative co-construction
Social referencing
Previous studies have demonstrated that 1 -year-old infants look toward their mothers' facial expressions and use the emotional information conveyed. In this study, 46 1-year-olds were confronted with an unusual toy in a context where an experimenter familiar to the infants posed either happy or fearful expressions and where their mothers were present but did not provide facial signals. Most of the infants (83%) referenced the familiarized strang…
Mental Health Moderators of Early Head Start on Parenting and Child Development
Objective. Interventions designed to help parents and infants living in poverty could show greatest positive impacts on those participants who have multiple risks. In this study, we examine 2 maternal mental health risks (depression and insecure attitudes toward relationships) that were assessed prior to random assignment as potential moderators of 2 Early Head Start (EHS) programs impacts on parent-child interaction and child development. Design…
The Worldwide Burden of Infant Mental and Emotional Disorder
Children worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Doh…
Moving Ahead
The author argues that psychoanalytic clinical thinking has evolved towards an organisational model of affect and that multidisciplinary research broadens this thinking. Integrative influences of affective processes have been given little attention in psychoanalytic theory. Such influences are reviewed using examples from research in early development. Affective processes are shown to provide integrative influences across systems in an individual…
Cardiac and behavioral interrelationships in the reactions of infants to strangers
Emotion regulation in mother-child narrative co-construction
The associations were studied between early mother-child co-construction of a separation-reunion narrative and children's concurrent and later (a) emotion narratives and (b) behavior problems. Fifty-one children and their mothers were observed during a co-construction task when the children were age 4 1/2. At ages 4 1/2 and 5 1/2, children's narratives were elicited using the MacArthur Story-Stem Battery (MSSB), and mothers completed the Child Be…
The cup is half full
Trajectories of cognitive development among American Indian young children
Children who begin kindergarten with stronger skills learn faster than do those who enter with lower skills. Minority children tend to enter kindergarten already at a disadvantage, and the gap widens across time. However, little is known about cognitive development among American Indian young children. In this study, 110 American Indian infants from one Northern Plains reservation community were assessed four times between ages 6 months and 36 mo…
Fathering relationships and their associations with juvenile delinquency
This study explores the intergenerational transmission of fathering by addressing the associations between men's relationship with their father, their attachment to their children, self‐assessment of themselves as fathers, and antisocial behavior. Subjects for this study were 87 men who were identified as fathers or father figures by women involved in two Early Head Start sites in Denver, Colorado. They were interviewed about their experiences wh…
Individual meaning and increasing complexity
Contributions of Sigmund Freud and Rene Spitz to developmental psychology are presented in terms of today's research. The work of each of these pioneers draws our attention to the need for increasing our knowledge about the meaning of individual experience and increasing complexity in the course of development. Freud's contribution to today's developmental thinking is reviewed in terms of his observations of play, his schematic perspectives on de…
Emotional Expression and Language
Children's emotional expression and language both develop during infancy and early childhood, yet these two communication systems have been studied primarily in isolation. This study focuses instead on assessing the relation between them just as productive language emerges during toddlerhood. Seventy‐seven typically developing, firstborn toddlers and their families were recruited at 13 months of age. Using an extreme groups design, earlier and la…
How Do We Evaluate Learning From the Curriculum? Thirty Phone Interviews With Institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association
A telephone survey of curriculum directors of the thirty institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association revealed that 75 percent of institutes highly value the importance of evaluating what candidates learn from the curriculum. Paradoxically, however, most institutes do not do evaluations in this area. Typically, institutes evaluate candidates' satisfaction with courses, or their attendance and conduct in classes, rather than learning per …
An adaptive view of infant emotions
National Conference on Psychoanalytic Education and Research
Toddler Socioemotional Behavior in a Northern Plains Indian Tribe
M.C. Sarche, C.D. Croy, C. Big Crow, C. Mitchell, and P. Spicer (2009) provided first-ever information relating the socioemotional development of American Indian toddlers to the immediate context of their mothers' lives. The current study sought to replicate and build on their earlier work by examining the impact of additional maternal risk factors, identified in previous research with non-American Indian populations, on the development of Americ…
Potentials for infant mental health
Themes of the Congress carried forward the pioneering contributions of Rene Spitz and Takeo Doi. Contributions to infant mental health included those dealing with: (a) relatedness, (b) positive rewards of infancy, (c) disruptions of relatedness and rewards, (d) assessments, and (e) interventions. Contributions from infant mental health and bridging to the future included those regarding: (a) prevention, (b) policy, and (c) advances for science an…
Culture, diagnostic assessment, and identity
Exploring the genetic etiology of low general cognitive ability from 14 to 36 months
The genetic and environmental etiology of low general cognitive ability (g) during infancy and early childhood has not previously been investigated. The current study examined the genetic etiology of low cognitive ability at 14, 20, 24, and 36 months with twins from the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study. Low g groups were formed from the lowest 10th percentile at each age. Univariate probandwise concordance rates and DeFries-Fulker (J. C. DeFries…
From state hospital to community psychiatry
Stress and Neonatal Sleep
Routine circumcision, done without anesthesia in the newborn nursery, was usually followed by prolonged nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Since this form of sleep has been described as a low point on an arousal continuum, we consider its increase to be consistent with a theory of conservation-withdrawal in response to stressful stimulation
REM Sleep in Four-Month Infants Under Home and Laboratory Conditions
Observations of morning naps in four-month old infants were made under home and laboratory conditions. Infants sleeping for the first time under laboratory conditions showed a reduction in REM sleep and changes in sleep pattern which particularly affected the onset of sleep and the final REM period prior to awakening. The results, which were comparable to the “first-night effect” commonly seen in adults, suggest that stress effects due to laborat…
A “Nonintrusive” Longitudinal Study of Infant Sleep
Dr. Kligman is now with the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada. Dr. Smyrl is from the Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80220. Address reprint requests to: Dr. Robert Emde, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, 80220. Received for publication February 3, 1975; revision received April 21, 1975
Cardiac and behavioral interrelationships in the reactions of infants to strangers
National Conference on Psychoanalytic Education and Research
Soviet Developmental Psychology
Mother's presence is not enough
Changing Models Of Infancy And The Nature Of Early Development
The Prerepresentational Self and its Affective Core
(1983). The Prerepresentational Self and its Affective Core. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child: Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 165-192.
Episodic growth in infancy
Contrary to the traditional portrait of physical growth as a gradual, continuous process, infants seem to grow in episodic spurts. Their behavior tends to develop in a similar discontinuous manner, with biobehavioral shifts occurring at 2 and 8 months of age
Maternal emotional signaling
Facial expressions of emotion are not merely responses indicative of internal states, they are also stimulus patterns that regulate the behavior of others. A series of four studies indicate that, by 12 months of age, human infants seek out and use such facial expressions to disambiguate situations. The deep side of a visual cliff was adjusted to a height that produced no clear avoidance and much referencing of the mother. If a mother posed joy or…
An adaptive view of infant emotions
Social referencing
Previous studies have demonstrated that 1 -year-old infants look toward their mothers' facial expressions and use the emotional information conveyed. In this study, 46 1-year-olds were confronted with an unusual toy in a context where an experimenter familiar to the infants posed either happy or fearful expressions and where their mothers were present but did not provide facial signals. Most of the infants (83%) referenced the familiarized strang…
Introduction
As President of the World Association for Infant Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines the Editor has invited me to introduce this issue, which continues with papers from the Stockholm Congress. Advances in developmental biology and medical genetics make it clear that the future of psychiatric and mental health research will be centered in preventive intervention. This prospect highlights the need for more knowledge about environmental/individual int…
Dialogues From in Fancy
Infant psychiatry clinic grand rounds. Unresolved grief
Rebecca was a 2 1/2 -year-old Caucasian female who was brought to the Infant Psychiatry Clinic by her 28-year-old widowed mother. Her mother's chief concern was around parenting issues as well as how to explain to Rebecca the death of her father. This loss occurred when Rebecca was 6 months old and was a source of great pain and unresolved grief to her mother. Central to this case was the chaotic history of Rebecca's mother, who was a victim of i…
Presidential address
Health care professionals working in infancy are optimistic about its development and its incentives for moral connectedness. Recent research shows that such an attitude is grounded in what I summarize under the headings of “fundamental modes of development” and a “basic morality,” features that characterize infancy when there is adequate support from an emotionally available caregiver. Early moral attainments include the infant's developing sens…
Mobilizing Fundamental Modes of Development
A positive developmental thrust becomes mobilized by virtue of therapeutic action. This thrust is specified in terms of a set of fundamental modes of development that are biologically prepared and have been identified through recent research. The modes are first apparent in infancy and continue throughout life. The setting conditions which allow for the fundamental modes of development to be reactivated are provided by the therapeutic relationshi…
The moral self of infancy
The wonder of our complex enterprise
John Bowlby's legacy encourages our exploration well beyond the child's attachment to a primary caregiver. A wide variety of family relationships contribute to child development, and the effects of relationships on other relationships are in particular need of investigation. The complexities of relationship influences seem mind-boggling as we array them, but both the researcher and the working clinician are guided by a number of principles in the…
Amae, intimacy, and the early moral self
I believe the universal aspects of Doi's concept of amae have a dual origin in the biologically based motives of infancy and in the expectable adpative experiences of the caregiving relationship. Our theory, arising from recent research, is that the necessary intimacy of this relationship and the exercise of these motives leads to early relationship motives and early moral motives. These in turn find representational coherence in the 3-year-old's…
The development of empathy in twins
This study examined empathy in 94 monozygotic (MZ) and 90 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs during the 2nd year of life. Children's reactions to simulations of distress in others were videotaped in home and laboratory settings. Some components of concern for others increased with age between 14 and 20 months for both MZ and DZ twins. Girls scored higher than boys on most of these observational measures. The different components (e.g., emotional concern, …
Individual meaning and increasing complexity
Contributions of Sigmund Freud and Rene Spitz to developmental psychology are presented in terms of today's research. The work of each of these pioneers draws our attention to the need for increasing our knowledge about the meaning of individual experience and increasing complexity in the course of development. Freud's contribution to today's developmental thinking is reviewed in terms of his observations of play, his schematic perspectives on de…
Developing psychoanalytic representations of experience
Psychology (53 obras) · Developmental psychology (29 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (25 obras) · Psychiatry (17 obras) · Computer Science (16 obras) · Social Psychology (15 obras) · Medicine (13 obras) · Psychoanalysis (12 obras) · Psychotherapist (11 obras) · Early Childhood Education and Development (10 obras)