Josh Compton
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 90849 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Josh Compton |
| NOMBRES | Josh |
| APELLIDO | Compton |
| FIRMA | COMPTON J |
| AFILIACIONES | Dartmouth College |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4625-3823 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2004 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Inoculating Against Moral Disengagement Creates Ethical Adherence for Narcissism
Increasing honesty is critical in modern society. Moral Disengagement Tactics (MDTs) enable individuals to engage in unethical behavior while avoiding self-criticism, making MDTs a form of self-persuasion. One way to prevent persuasion is inoculation. Across three experiments ( N = 972), two preregistered, we randomly assigned individuals to a code of ethics versus inoculation to MDTs condition. Study 1 ( n = 443) found that those high in narciss…
Inoculation theory
Inoculation theory is a theory of resistance to influence that builds on analogous relationships with medical vaccination. In short: Exposure to weakened forms of challenges motivates resistance to stronger challenges encountered later. Throughout its 60 + year lifespan, scholars have applied inoculation theory as a messaging strategy across issues and contexts, including politics, health, and commerce. Additionally, inoculation theory scholarshi…
Inoculation Theory and Fake News
This essay offers inoculation theory as a way to think about interventions to combat fake news, disinformation, and misinformation. Inoculation theory is built on a medical analogy; just as a body can be protected against viruses through preexposure to weakened versions of them, people can be protected against counterarguments and persuasion through preexposure to weakened versions of them. This essay outlines inoculation theory, and highlights h…
“The Devil and Vaccination” and Inoculation Theory
“The Devil and Vaccination,” a satirical take on Samuel Coleridge and Robert Southey’s poem, “The Devil’s Thoughts,” appeared in the July 1879 issue of The Vaccination Inquirer and Health Review—a publication that published vaccine-skeptical writings. The poem told the story of the Devil visiting a prison, encountering several people including a father imprisoned for refusing to have one of his children vaccinated. In the present rhetorical analy…
Revisiting the effects of an inoculation treatment on psychological reactance
Research published by Richards and Banas and Richards et al. demonstrated that an inoculation treatment given to participants prior to their exposure to a series of freedom-threatening persuasive health messages mitigates audiences’ freedom-threat perceptions, state psychological reactance, and behavioral intentions. We sought to conceptually replicate the studies by Richards and Banas and Richards et al. with a sample of ever-vapers who were eit…
Playoff Losses, Mayoral Politics, Image Repair, and Inoculation
In May 2021, the Toronto Maple Leafs National Hockey League team lost a seventh and final playoff game—again. The day after their loss, Toronto Mayor John Tory took the unusual step of penning an open letter to Maple Leaf fans in response. His two-page letter was a unique mix of communication genres, including sport communication, political communication, and, with multiple references to COVID-19, health communication. It was also, as we argue he…
Inoculation theory in the post‐truth era
Although there has been unprecedented attention to inoculation theory in recent years, the potential of this research has yet to be reached. Inoculation theory explains how immunity to counter‐attitudinal messages is conferred by preemptively exposing people to weakened doses of challenging information. The theory has been applied in a number of contexts (e.g., politics, health) in its 50+ year history. Importantly, one of the newest contexts for…
How do inoculation messages work? A two-study mixed-method investigation into inoculation mechanisms
The central principle of inoculation theory is that when individuals are presented with a weakened form of a persuasive attack against an existing attitude, they become inoculated against future attacks to that attitude. To address a gap in the literature regarding inoculation mechanisms, we used focus groups (Study 1) to allow participants to describe resistance processes following inoculation. Guided by processing pathways that mirror those in …
Inoculating Against Fake News About Covid-19
The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been accompanied by a large amount of misleading and false information about the virus, especially on social media. In this article, we explore the coronavirus “infodemic” and how behavioral scientists may seek to address this problem. We detail the scope of the problem and discuss the negative influence that COVID-19 misinformation can have on the widespread adoption of health prote…
Late night television comedy, mid-afternoon congressional testimony
This analysis examines criticism of Stephen Colbert’s congressional testimony on farm labour issues in September 2010 to better understand accusations of offensiveness and appropriateness. A nuanced look at this unprecedented version of performed Congressional testimony expands our understanding of the increasingly complicated relationship of politics and late-night television humour, and it also sketches out parameters for standards of acceptabi…
Family Communication Patterns, Inoculation Theory, and Adolescent Substance‐Abuse Prevention
Inoculation theory offers a robust way to combat substance abuse among children. The theory can guide a messaging strategy that prepares for challenges before they are fully experienced. We argue that inoculation as a messaging strategy could be made even more robust by harnessing family communication patterns and post‐inoculation talk to lead to more, and better, parent–child dialogue. We build on the literature on inoculation and family communi…
Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Inoculation Treatments for Resistance to Influence
One of the most significant departures from conventional inoculation theory is its intentional application for individuals already “infected”—that is, inoculation not as a preemptive strategy to protect existing positions from future challenges, but instead, inoculation as a means to change a position (e.g., from negative to positive) and to protect the changed position against future challenges. The issue is important for persuasion scholarship …
When Weather Forecasters Are Wrong
Weather forecasts are a unique type of prediction rhetoric—science communication with inherent uncertainty and multiple potential interpretations from diverse audiences. When forecasts are wrong, audiences often turn their ire toward the weather forecaster. This rhetorical analysis considers image repair efforts of a meteorologist following a botched winter storm forecast. Implications for communication efforts of weather forecasters are offered,…
Persuasion and Communication in Sport, Exercise, and Physical Activity
This chapter describes Cialdini's six principles of persuasion and reviews studies in which they have been tested in laboratory or real-life settings. It provides examples of intervention strategies that aim to implement those principles in the context of physical activity and sport. The chapter discusses similarities and differences among the six principles of persuasion, reveals potential implications for the promotion of physical activity part…
Live from DC
From content analyses to effects studies to rhetorical and critical analyses, we have a growing body of scholarship exploring political humor on United States late night television. The growing body of political humor scholarship reveals how late night comedy characterizes politics and politicians. What has not yet been explored, however, is how United States' politicians characterize late night television humor. Recognizing Saturday Night Live (…
Vaccinating Voters
Inoculation theory has seen dramatic theoretical development since it was first introduced in the early 1960s, and applied research has explored its efficacy in such domains as politics, health, and commerce. This chapter notes a dearth in political campaign inoculation scholarship in recent years and calls for renewed interest. A survey of inoculation research offers a nuanced portrait of how inoculation has functioned in campaigns, yet several …
College Sports, Losing Seasons, and Image Repair Through Open Letters to Fans
College sports coaches and administrators can use open letters to repair images and weather crises, especially during losing seasons. Our rhetorical analysis uses Benoit’s typology of image repair to reveal three primary strategies attempted during losing seasons: evading responsibility, reducing offensiveness, and corrective action. We take note of how open letters distributed via electronic media channels widen the audience of such letters, but…
Boosting the Potency of Resistance
Journal Article Boosting the Potency of Resistance: Combining the Motivational Forces of Inoculation and Psychological Reactance Get access Claude H. Miller, Claude H. Miller 1Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA 1Corresponding author: Claude H. Miller; Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bobi Ivanov, Bobi Ivanov 2School of Journalism & Telecommunications, University of Ke…
Effects of Postinoculation Talk on Resistance to Influence
Contemporary inoculation scholarship has focused on the process of resistance to persuasion, and recently begun to examine various incidental effects that may accompany inoculation treatments. This study considers how talk fits within both of these areas, not only as a byproduct of inoculation, but also as a potentially important contributor to the process of resistance. Results indicate inoculation not only enhances talk about the target issue, …
Speaking of speech with the disciplines
As Lecturer of Speech in the Institute for Writing and Rhetoric at Dartmouth College, I have joined an ongoing conversation about speech that spans disciplines. This article takes a step back from looking at communication across the curriculum as a program and instead looks at one of the earliest stages of the process — conversations about speech with the disciplines. Exploring our meta-communication — our speaking with the disciplines about spee…
Spreading Inoculation
Journal Article Spreading Inoculation: Inoculation, Resistance to Influence, and Word-of-Mouth Communication Get access Josh Compton, Josh Compton 1Institute for Writing and Rhetoric, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Pfau Michael Pfau 2Department of Communications, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Schol…
Inoculation Theory of Resistance to Influence at Maturity
Inoculation theory boasts a dynamic history since McGuire first introduced it in the early 1960s. The last decade, in particular, has been a period of explosive growth for inoculation. Research has offered a more nuanced understanding of how inoculation confers resistance, exploring precise workings of inoculation’s core concepts of threat and coun-terarguing in conjunction with concepts drawn from other theoretical domains, including issue invol…
The Traditional Explanation for Resistance Versus Attitude Accessibility
This investigation compared the traditional explanation for the way inoculation confers resistance to influence with an alternative rationale for resistance based on attitude accessibility. Four hundred forty-three participants took part in the investigation in four phases spanning 54 days. The combined multiple regression and structural equation modeling results suggest that the traditional and alternative explanations for the way that inoculati…
Boosting the Potency of Resistance
Journal Article Boosting the Potency of Resistance: Combining the Motivational Forces of Inoculation and Psychological Reactance Get access Claude H. Miller, Claude H. Miller 1Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA 1Corresponding author: Claude H. Miller; Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bobi Ivanov, Bobi Ivanov 2School of Journalism & Telecommunications, University of Ke…
Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Inoculation Treatments for Resistance to Influence
One of the most significant departures from conventional inoculation theory is its intentional application for individuals already “infected”—that is, inoculation not as a preemptive strategy to protect existing positions from future challenges, but instead, inoculation as a means to change a position (e.g., from negative to positive) and to protect the changed position against future challenges. The issue is important for persuasion scholarship …
Spreading Inoculation
Journal Article Spreading Inoculation: Inoculation, Resistance to Influence, and Word-of-Mouth Communication Get access Josh Compton, Josh Compton 1Institute for Writing and Rhetoric, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Pfau Michael Pfau 2Department of Communications, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Schol…
Inoculation Theory of Resistance to Influence at Maturity
Inoculation theory boasts a dynamic history since McGuire first introduced it in the early 1960s. The last decade, in particular, has been a period of explosive growth for inoculation. Research has offered a more nuanced understanding of how inoculation confers resistance, exploring precise workings of inoculation’s core concepts of threat and coun-terarguing in conjunction with concepts drawn from other theoretical domains, including issue invol…
Playoff Losses, Mayoral Politics, Image Repair, and Inoculation
In May 2021, the Toronto Maple Leafs National Hockey League team lost a seventh and final playoff game—again. The day after their loss, Toronto Mayor John Tory took the unusual step of penning an open letter to Maple Leaf fans in response. His two-page letter was a unique mix of communication genres, including sport communication, political communication, and, with multiple references to COVID-19, health communication. It was also, as we argue he…
Live from DC
From content analyses to effects studies to rhetorical and critical analyses, we have a growing body of scholarship exploring political humor on United States late night television. The growing body of political humor scholarship reveals how late night comedy characterizes politics and politicians. What has not yet been explored, however, is how United States' politicians characterize late night television humor. Recognizing Saturday Night Live (…
Family Communication Patterns, Inoculation Theory, and Adolescent Substance‐Abuse Prevention
Inoculation theory offers a robust way to combat substance abuse among children. The theory can guide a messaging strategy that prepares for challenges before they are fully experienced. We argue that inoculation as a messaging strategy could be made even more robust by harnessing family communication patterns and post‐inoculation talk to lead to more, and better, parent–child dialogue. We build on the literature on inoculation and family communi…
Vaccinating Voters
Inoculation theory has seen dramatic theoretical development since it was first introduced in the early 1960s, and applied research has explored its efficacy in such domains as politics, health, and commerce. This chapter notes a dearth in political campaign inoculation scholarship in recent years and calls for renewed interest. A survey of inoculation research offers a nuanced portrait of how inoculation has functioned in campaigns, yet several …
College Sports, Losing Seasons, and Image Repair Through Open Letters to Fans
College sports coaches and administrators can use open letters to repair images and weather crises, especially during losing seasons. Our rhetorical analysis uses Benoit’s typology of image repair to reveal three primary strategies attempted during losing seasons: evading responsibility, reducing offensiveness, and corrective action. We take note of how open letters distributed via electronic media channels widen the audience of such letters, but…
The Traditional Explanation for Resistance Versus Attitude Accessibility
This investigation compared the traditional explanation for the way inoculation confers resistance to influence with an alternative rationale for resistance based on attitude accessibility. Four hundred forty-three participants took part in the investigation in four phases spanning 54 days. The combined multiple regression and structural equation modeling results suggest that the traditional and alternative explanations for the way that inoculati…
Inoculation Theory of Resistance to Influence at Maturity
Inoculation theory boasts a dynamic history since McGuire first introduced it in the early 1960s. The last decade, in particular, has been a period of explosive growth for inoculation. Research has offered a more nuanced understanding of how inoculation confers resistance, exploring precise workings of inoculation’s core concepts of threat and coun-terarguing in conjunction with concepts drawn from other theoretical domains, including issue invol…
Spreading Inoculation
Journal Article Spreading Inoculation: Inoculation, Resistance to Influence, and Word-of-Mouth Communication Get access Josh Compton, Josh Compton 1Institute for Writing and Rhetoric, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Pfau Michael Pfau 2Department of Communications, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Schol…
Speaking of speech with the disciplines
As Lecturer of Speech in the Institute for Writing and Rhetoric at Dartmouth College, I have joined an ongoing conversation about speech that spans disciplines. This article takes a step back from looking at communication across the curriculum as a program and instead looks at one of the earliest stages of the process — conversations about speech with the disciplines. Exploring our meta-communication — our speaking with the disciplines about spee…
Effects of Postinoculation Talk on Resistance to Influence
Contemporary inoculation scholarship has focused on the process of resistance to persuasion, and recently begun to examine various incidental effects that may accompany inoculation treatments. This study considers how talk fits within both of these areas, not only as a byproduct of inoculation, but also as a potentially important contributor to the process of resistance. Results indicate inoculation not only enhances talk about the target issue, …
Vaccinating Voters
Inoculation theory has seen dramatic theoretical development since it was first introduced in the early 1960s, and applied research has explored its efficacy in such domains as politics, health, and commerce. This chapter notes a dearth in political campaign inoculation scholarship in recent years and calls for renewed interest. A survey of inoculation research offers a nuanced portrait of how inoculation has functioned in campaigns, yet several …
College Sports, Losing Seasons, and Image Repair Through Open Letters to Fans
College sports coaches and administrators can use open letters to repair images and weather crises, especially during losing seasons. Our rhetorical analysis uses Benoit’s typology of image repair to reveal three primary strategies attempted during losing seasons: evading responsibility, reducing offensiveness, and corrective action. We take note of how open letters distributed via electronic media channels widen the audience of such letters, but…
Boosting the Potency of Resistance
Journal Article Boosting the Potency of Resistance: Combining the Motivational Forces of Inoculation and Psychological Reactance Get access Claude H. Miller, Claude H. Miller 1Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA 1Corresponding author: Claude H. Miller; Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bobi Ivanov, Bobi Ivanov 2School of Journalism & Telecommunications, University of Ke…
Live from DC
From content analyses to effects studies to rhetorical and critical analyses, we have a growing body of scholarship exploring political humor on United States late night television. The growing body of political humor scholarship reveals how late night comedy characterizes politics and politicians. What has not yet been explored, however, is how United States' politicians characterize late night television humor. Recognizing Saturday Night Live (…
Persuasion and Communication in Sport, Exercise, and Physical Activity
This chapter describes Cialdini's six principles of persuasion and reviews studies in which they have been tested in laboratory or real-life settings. It provides examples of intervention strategies that aim to implement those principles in the context of physical activity and sport. The chapter discusses similarities and differences among the six principles of persuasion, reveals potential implications for the promotion of physical activity part…
When Weather Forecasters Are Wrong
Weather forecasts are a unique type of prediction rhetoric—science communication with inherent uncertainty and multiple potential interpretations from diverse audiences. When forecasts are wrong, audiences often turn their ire toward the weather forecaster. This rhetorical analysis considers image repair efforts of a meteorologist following a botched winter storm forecast. Implications for communication efforts of weather forecasters are offered,…
Late night television comedy, mid-afternoon congressional testimony
This analysis examines criticism of Stephen Colbert’s congressional testimony on farm labour issues in September 2010 to better understand accusations of offensiveness and appropriateness. A nuanced look at this unprecedented version of performed Congressional testimony expands our understanding of the increasingly complicated relationship of politics and late-night television humour, and it also sketches out parameters for standards of acceptabi…
Family Communication Patterns, Inoculation Theory, and Adolescent Substance‐Abuse Prevention
Inoculation theory offers a robust way to combat substance abuse among children. The theory can guide a messaging strategy that prepares for challenges before they are fully experienced. We argue that inoculation as a messaging strategy could be made even more robust by harnessing family communication patterns and post‐inoculation talk to lead to more, and better, parent–child dialogue. We build on the literature on inoculation and family communi…
Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Inoculation Treatments for Resistance to Influence
One of the most significant departures from conventional inoculation theory is its intentional application for individuals already “infected”—that is, inoculation not as a preemptive strategy to protect existing positions from future challenges, but instead, inoculation as a means to change a position (e.g., from negative to positive) and to protect the changed position against future challenges. The issue is important for persuasion scholarship …
Inoculating Against Fake News About Covid-19
The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been accompanied by a large amount of misleading and false information about the virus, especially on social media. In this article, we explore the coronavirus “infodemic” and how behavioral scientists may seek to address this problem. We detail the scope of the problem and discuss the negative influence that COVID-19 misinformation can have on the widespread adoption of health prote…
Inoculation theory in the post‐truth era
Although there has been unprecedented attention to inoculation theory in recent years, the potential of this research has yet to be reached. Inoculation theory explains how immunity to counter‐attitudinal messages is conferred by preemptively exposing people to weakened doses of challenging information. The theory has been applied in a number of contexts (e.g., politics, health) in its 50+ year history. Importantly, one of the newest contexts for…
How do inoculation messages work? A two-study mixed-method investigation into inoculation mechanisms
The central principle of inoculation theory is that when individuals are presented with a weakened form of a persuasive attack against an existing attitude, they become inoculated against future attacks to that attitude. To address a gap in the literature regarding inoculation mechanisms, we used focus groups (Study 1) to allow participants to describe resistance processes following inoculation. Guided by processing pathways that mirror those in …
“The Devil and Vaccination” and Inoculation Theory
“The Devil and Vaccination,” a satirical take on Samuel Coleridge and Robert Southey’s poem, “The Devil’s Thoughts,” appeared in the July 1879 issue of The Vaccination Inquirer and Health Review—a publication that published vaccine-skeptical writings. The poem told the story of the Devil visiting a prison, encountering several people including a father imprisoned for refusing to have one of his children vaccinated. In the present rhetorical analy…
Revisiting the effects of an inoculation treatment on psychological reactance
Research published by Richards and Banas and Richards et al. demonstrated that an inoculation treatment given to participants prior to their exposure to a series of freedom-threatening persuasive health messages mitigates audiences’ freedom-threat perceptions, state psychological reactance, and behavioral intentions. We sought to conceptually replicate the studies by Richards and Banas and Richards et al. with a sample of ever-vapers who were eit…
Playoff Losses, Mayoral Politics, Image Repair, and Inoculation
In May 2021, the Toronto Maple Leafs National Hockey League team lost a seventh and final playoff game—again. The day after their loss, Toronto Mayor John Tory took the unusual step of penning an open letter to Maple Leaf fans in response. His two-page letter was a unique mix of communication genres, including sport communication, political communication, and, with multiple references to COVID-19, health communication. It was also, as we argue he…
Inoculation Theory and Fake News
This essay offers inoculation theory as a way to think about interventions to combat fake news, disinformation, and misinformation. Inoculation theory is built on a medical analogy; just as a body can be protected against viruses through preexposure to weakened versions of them, people can be protected against counterarguments and persuasion through preexposure to weakened versions of them. This essay outlines inoculation theory, and highlights h…
Inoculation theory
Inoculation theory is a theory of resistance to influence that builds on analogous relationships with medical vaccination. In short: Exposure to weakened forms of challenges motivates resistance to stronger challenges encountered later. Throughout its 60 + year lifespan, scholars have applied inoculation theory as a messaging strategy across issues and contexts, including politics, health, and commerce. Additionally, inoculation theory scholarshi…
Inoculating Against Moral Disengagement Creates Ethical Adherence for Narcissism
Increasing honesty is critical in modern society. Moral Disengagement Tactics (MDTs) enable individuals to engage in unethical behavior while avoiding self-criticism, making MDTs a form of self-persuasion. One way to prevent persuasion is inoculation. Across three experiments ( N = 972), two preregistered, we randomly assigned individuals to a code of ethics versus inoculation to MDTs condition. Study 1 ( n = 443) found that those high in narciss…
Psychology (14 obras) · Biology (10 obras) · Media Influence and Health (10 obras) · Political science (9 obras) · Inoculation (8 obras) · Rhetoric (8 obras) · Sociology (8 obras) · Computer Science (7 obras) · Medicine (7 obras) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (7 obras)