Jishnu Das
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 913175 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jishnu Das |
| NOMBRES | Jishnu |
| APELLIDO | Das |
| FIRMA | DAS J |
| AFILIACIONES | Georgetown University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5909-3585 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 41 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 192 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 41 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2003 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
The emergence of the poverty-mental health gradient
Private sector tuberculosis care quality during the Covid-19 pandemic
Only a third of tuberculosis (TB) cases in Nigeria in 2020 were diagnosed and notified, in part due to low detection and under-reporting from the private health sector. Using a standardised patient (SP) survey approach, we assessed how management of presumptive TB in the private sector aligns with national guidelines and whether this differed from a study conducted before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. 13 SPs presented a presumptive TB case …
Care pathways of individuals with tuberculosis before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Bandung, Indonesia
The COVID-19 pandemic is thought to have undone years’ worth of progress in the fight against tuberculosis (TB). For instance, in Indonesia, a high TB burden country, TB case notifications decreased by 14% and treatment coverage decreased by 47% during COVID-19. We sought to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on TB case detection using two cross-sectional surveys conducted before (2018) and after the onset of the pandemic (2021). These surv…
The Value of Private Schools
Using unique data from Pakistan, we estimate a model of demand for differentiated products in 112 rural education markets with significant choice among public and private schools. Families are willing to pay substantially for reductions in distance to school, but, in contrast, price elasticities are low. Using the demand estimates, we show that the existence of a low-fee private school market is of great value for households in our sample, reachi…
Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on quality of tuberculosis care in private facilities in Bandung, Indonesia
Results indicate that providers successfully identify tuberculosis in their patients yet do not manage them according to national guidelines. There were no major changes found in quality of tuberculosis care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As tuberculosis notifications have declined in Indonesia due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains an urgent need to increase private provider engagement in Indonesia and improve quality of care
Use of standardised patients to assess tuberculosis case management by private pharmacies in Patna, India
As the first point of care for many healthcare seekers, private pharmacies play an important role in tuberculosis (TB) care. However, previous studies in India have showed that private pharmacies commonly dispense symptomatic treatments and broad-spectrum antibiotics over-the-counter (OTC), rather than referring patients for TB testing. Such inappropriate management by pharmacies can delaye TB diagnosis. We assessed medical advice and OTC drug di…
Tuberculosis service disruptions and adaptations during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic in the private health sector of two urban settings in Nigeria—A mixed methods study
Nigeria has the second largest share of undiagnosed TB cases in the world and a large private health sector estimated to be the point of initial care-seeking for 67% of TB patients. There is evidence that COVID-19 restrictions disrupted private healthcare provision, but insufficient data on how private healthcare provision changed as a result of the pandemic. We conducted qualitative interviews and a survey to assess the impact of the pandemic, a…
The family doctor
Private primary care providers are usually the first site where afflictions come under institutional view. In the context of poverty, the relationship between illness and care is more complex than a simple division of responsibilities between various actors-with care given by kin, and diagnosis and treatment being the purview of providers. Since patients would often visit the provider with family members, providers are attuned to the patients' we…
Cognitive and socioemotional skills in low-income countries
Forum
Are private schools better than public schools?" This ubiquitous debate in low- and middle-income countries is the wrong one to have. The foreword and three essays collected in this Forum each explore how to move past the stuck "public vs. private" binary. Jason Silberstein is a Research Fellow at RISE. His foreword is titled "A Shift in Perspective: Zooming Out from School Type and Bringing Neighborhood Education Systems into Focus." It summariz…
The Prices in the Crises
Governments in many low- and middle-income countries are developing health insurance products as a complement to tax-funded, subsidized provision of healthcare through publicly-operated facilities. We discuss two rationales for this transition. First, health insurance would boost fiscal revenues for healthcare, as post-treatment out-of-pocket payments to providers would be replaced by pre-treatment insurance premia to health ministries. Second, i…
Tuberculosis diagnosis and management in the public versus private sector
BACKGROUND: There are few rigorous studies comparing quality of tuberculosis (TB) care in public versus private sectors. METHODS: We used standardised patients (SPs) to measure technical quality and patient experience in a sample of private and public facilities in Mumbai. RESULTS: SPs presented a 'classic, suspected TB' scenario and a 'recurrence or drug-resistance' scenario. In the private sector, SPs completed 643 interactions. In the public s…
Simulated patients and their reality
Simulated standardized patients (SSP) have emerged as close to a 'gold standard' for measuring the quality of clinical care. This method resolves problems of patient mix across healthcare providers and allows care to be benchmarked against preexisting standards. Nevertheless, SSPs are not real patients. How, then, should data from SSPs be considered relative to clinical observations with 'real' patients in a given health system? Here, we reject t…
Two Indias
We visited 1519 villages across 19 Indian states in 2009 to (a) count all health care providers and (b) elicit their quality as measured through tests of medical knowledge. We document three main findings. First, 75% of villages have at least one health care provider and 64% of care is sought in villages with 3 or more providers. Most providers are in the private sector (86%) and, within the private sector, the majority are 'informal providers' w…
New evidence on learning trajectories in a low-income setting
Using a unique longitudinal dataset collected from primary school students in Pakistan, we document four new facts about learning in low-income countries. First, children's test scores increase by 1.19 SD between Grades 3 and 6. Second, going to school is associated with greater learning. Children who dropout have the same test score gains prior to dropping out as those who do not but experience no improvements after dropping out. Third, there is…
Antibiotic overuse in the primary health care setting
INTRODUCTION: Determining whether antibiotic prescriptions are inappropriate requires knowledge of patients' underlying conditions. In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where misdiagnoses are frequent, this is challenging. Additionally, such details are often unavailable for prescription audits. Recent studies using standardised patients (SPs) offer a unique opportunity to generate unbiased prevalence estimates of antibiotic overuse…
How to do (or not to do) … using the standardized patient method to measure clinical quality of care in LMIC health facilities
Standardized patients (SPs), i.e. mystery shoppers for healthcare providers, are increasingly used as a tool to measure quality of clinical care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where medical record abstraction is unlikely to be feasible. The SP method allows care to be observed without the provider’s knowledge, removing concerns about the Hawthorne effect, and means that providers can be directly compared against each other. How…
Zen and the art of experiments
Thank You to Reviewers 2017
In Aid We Trust
In 2005 an earthquake in northern Pakistan led to a significant inflow of international relief groups. Four years later, trust in Europeans and Americans was markedly higher among those exposed to the earthquake and the relief that followed. These differences reflect the greater provision of foreign aid and foreigner presence in affected villages rather than preexisting population differences or a general impact of disasters on trust. We thus dem…
A systematic tale of two differing reviews
Systematic reviews are powerful tools for summarizing vast amounts of data in controversial areas; but their utility is limited by methodological choices and assumptions. Two systematic reviews of literature on the quality of private sector primary care in low and middle income countries (LMIC), published in the same journal within a year, reached conflicting conclusions. The difference in findings reflects different review methodologies, but mor…
In Aid We Trust
In 2005 an earthquake in northern Pakistan led to a significant inflow of international relief groups. Four years later, trust in Europeans and Americans was markedly higher among those exposed to the earthquake and the relief that followed. These differences reflect the greater provision of foreign aid and foreigner presence in affected villages rather than preexisting population differences or a general impact of disasters on trust. We thus dem…
Quality and Accountability in Health Care Delivery
We present unique audit-study evidence on health care quality in rural India, and find that most private providers lacked medical qualifications, but completed more checklist items than public providers and recommended correct treatments equally often. Among doctors with public and private practices, all quality metrics were higher in their private clinics. Market prices are positively correlated with checklist completion and correct treatment, b…
U.S. and Them
Conducting Ethical Economic Research Complications from the Field
This essay discusses practical issues confronted when conducting surveys as well as designing appropriate field trials. First, it looks at the challenge of ensuring transparency while maintaining confidentiality. Second, it explores the role of trust in light of asymmetric information held by the surveyor and by the respondents as well as the latter's expectations as to what their participation will set in motion. The authors present case studies…
Mental health and poverty in developing countries
Money for nothing
Which doctor? Combining vignettes and item response to measure clinical competence
The Quality of Medical Advice in Low-Income Countries
This paper documents the quality of medical advice in low-income countries. Our evidence on health care quality in low-income countries is drawn primarily from studies in four countries: Tanzania, India, Indonesia, and Paraguay. We provide an overview of recent work that uses two broad approaches: medical vignettes (in which medical providers are presented with hypothetical cases and their responses are compared to a checklist of essential proced…
The impact of recall periods on reported morbidity and health seeking behavior
The mental health gender-gap in urban India
U.S. and them
Two Indias
We visited 1519 villages across 19 Indian states in 2009 to (a) count all health care providers and (b) elicit their quality as measured through tests of medical knowledge. We document three main findings. First, 75% of villages have at least one health care provider and 64% of care is sought in villages with 3 or more providers. Most providers are in the private sector (86%) and, within the private sector, the majority are 'informal providers' w…
Trust, learning, and vaccination
India shining and Bharat drowning
Simulated patients and their reality
Simulated standardized patients (SSP) have emerged as close to a 'gold standard' for measuring the quality of clinical care. This method resolves problems of patient mix across healthcare providers and allows care to be benchmarked against preexisting standards. Nevertheless, SSPs are not real patients. How, then, should data from SSPs be considered relative to clinical observations with 'real' patients in a given health system? Here, we reject t…
New evidence on learning trajectories in a low-income setting
Using a unique longitudinal dataset collected from primary school students in Pakistan, we document four new facts about learning in low-income countries. First, children's test scores increase by 1.19 SD between Grades 3 and 6. Second, going to school is associated with greater learning. Children who dropout have the same test score gains prior to dropping out as those who do not but experience no improvements after dropping out. Third, there is…
The Prices in the Crises
Governments in many low- and middle-income countries are developing health insurance products as a complement to tax-funded, subsidized provision of healthcare through publicly-operated facilities. We discuss two rationales for this transition. First, health insurance would boost fiscal revenues for healthcare, as post-treatment out-of-pocket payments to providers would be replaced by pre-treatment insurance premia to health ministries. Second, i…
Revisiting the relationship between mental health and poverty in developing countries
Cognitive and socioemotional skills in low-income countries
Forum
Are private schools better than public schools?" This ubiquitous debate in low- and middle-income countries is the wrong one to have. The foreword and three essays collected in this Forum each explore how to move past the stuck "public vs. private" binary. Jason Silberstein is a Research Fellow at RISE. His foreword is titled "A Shift in Perspective: Zooming Out from School Type and Bringing Neighborhood Education Systems into Focus." It summariz…
Zen and the art of experiments
Trust, learning, and vaccination
Which doctor? Combining vignettes and item response to measure clinical competence
Money for nothing
Mental health and poverty in developing countries
A Dime a Day
India Shining And Bharat Drowning
This paper uses student answers to publicly released questions from an international testing agency together with statistical methods from Item Response Theory to place secondary students from two Indian states -Orissa and Rajasthan -on a worldwide distribution of mathematics achievement. These two states fall below 43 of the 51 countries for which data exist. The bottom 5 percent of children rank higher than the bottom 5 percent in only three co…
Revisiting the relationship between mental health and poverty in developing countries
The Quality of Medical Advice in Low-Income Countries
This paper documents the quality of medical advice in low-income countries. Our evidence on health care quality in low-income countries is drawn primarily from studies in four countries: Tanzania, India, Indonesia, and Paraguay. We provide an overview of recent work that uses two broad approaches: medical vignettes (in which medical providers are presented with hypothetical cases and their responses are compared to a checklist of essential proced…
U.S. And Them
Using a database of 76,046 empirical economics papers published between 1985 and 2004 in the top 202 economics journals, the authors report two associations. First, per-capita research output on a given country increases with the country's per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Regressions controlling for data availability and quality in the country, indicators of governance and the use of English yield an estimated research-GDP elasticity of 0…
India shining and Bharat drowning
In aid we trust
Winning "hearts and minds" in the Muslim world is an explicitly acknowledged aim of U.S. foreign policy and increasingly, bilateral foreign aid is recognized as a vehicle towards this end. The authors examine the effect of aid from foreign organizations and on-the-ground presence of foreigners following the 2005 earthquake in Northern Pakistan on local attitudes. They show that four years after the earthquake, humanitarian assistance by foreigner…
Poverty and mental disorders
The impact of recall periods on reported morbidity and health seeking behavior
In Urban And Rural India, A Standardized Patient Study Showed Low Levels Of Provider Training And Huge Quality Gaps
This article reports on the quality of care delivered by private and public providers of primary health care services in rural and urban India. To measure quality, the study used standardized patients recruited from the local community and trained to present consistent cases of illness to providers. We found low overall levels of medical training among health care providers; in rural Madhya Pradesh, for example, 67 percent of health care provider…
The mental health gender-gap in urban India
U.S. and Them
Conducting Ethical Economic Research Complications from the Field
This essay discusses practical issues confronted when conducting surveys as well as designing appropriate field trials. First, it looks at the challenge of ensuring transparency while maintaining confidentiality. Second, it explores the role of trust in light of asymmetric information held by the surveyor and by the respondents as well as the latter's expectations as to what their participation will set in motion. The authors present case studies…
U.S. and them
Quality and Accountability in Health Care Delivery
We present unique audit-study evidence on health care quality in rural India, and find that most private providers lacked medical qualifications, but completed more checklist items than public providers and recommended correct treatments equally often. Among doctors with public and private practices, all quality metrics were higher in their private clinics. Market prices are positively correlated with checklist completion and correct treatment, b…
In Aid We Trust
In 2005 an earthquake in northern Pakistan led to a significant inflow of international relief groups. Four years later, trust in Europeans and Americans was markedly higher among those exposed to the earthquake and the relief that followed. These differences reflect the greater provision of foreign aid and foreigner presence in affected villages rather than preexisting population differences or a general impact of disasters on trust. We thus dem…
A systematic tale of two differing reviews
Systematic reviews are powerful tools for summarizing vast amounts of data in controversial areas; but their utility is limited by methodological choices and assumptions. Two systematic reviews of literature on the quality of private sector primary care in low and middle income countries (LMIC), published in the same journal within a year, reached conflicting conclusions. The difference in findings reflects different review methodologies, but mor…
In Aid We Trust
In 2005 an earthquake in northern Pakistan led to a significant inflow of international relief groups. Four years later, trust in Europeans and Americans was markedly higher among those exposed to the earthquake and the relief that followed. These differences reflect the greater provision of foreign aid and foreigner presence in affected villages rather than preexisting population differences or a general impact of disasters on trust. We thus dem…
Thank You to Reviewers 2017
How to do (or not to do) … using the standardized patient method to measure clinical quality of care in LMIC health facilities
Standardized patients (SPs), i.e. mystery shoppers for healthcare providers, are increasingly used as a tool to measure quality of clinical care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where medical record abstraction is unlikely to be feasible. The SP method allows care to be observed without the provider’s knowledge, removing concerns about the Hawthorne effect, and means that providers can be directly compared against each other. How…
Zen and the art of experiments
Economics (23 obras) · Medicine (22 obras) · Health care (18 obras) · Economic growth (17 obras) · Nursing (13 obras) · Political science (13 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Business (10 obras) · Environmental health (10 obras) · Family medicine (10 obras)