R Kelly Raley
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 94583 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | R Kelly Raley |
| NOMBRES | R Kelly |
| APELLIDO | Raley |
| FIRMA | RALEY R K |
| AFILIACIONES | The University of Texas at Austin |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7734-6179 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1096 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1995 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 18 |
Why Are So Many U.S. Mothers Becoming Their Family's Primary Economic Support
Although the growing prevalence of primary-earning mothers is well established, this article uses 1996 and 2014 Survey of Income and Program Participation data to show U.S. mothers’ rate of transition to primary-earner status increased by nearly 50% over the observed period. The rate of transition to primary earning predominantly increased among mothers with some college experience and mothers racialized as White, largely catching up to the rate …
Employment Resources and the Physical and Mental Health of Mothers of Young Children
This study explored resources from paid employment that could promote women's health during a vulnerable period of motherhood (raising young children). Following theoretical perspectives on work-family interplay and stress, it tested two sets of hypotheses by applying cross-lagged modeling techniques to nationally representative data on mothers from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort ( n = 7450) and occupational conditions from t…
Slow to launch
ObjectiveThe authors investigate the potential early career consequences of parental coresidence for young men and whether they vary by duration of coresidence.BackgroundYoung adult coresidence with parents is becoming more common, particularly since the Great Recession and the recent pandemic. Although many studies have investigated the factors that predict coresidence, few examine the consequences. Some prior research suggests that coresidence …
Declines in Non-marital Births Among Black Women Between 2004 and 2014
Children's Financial Dependence on Mothers
Over 40 percent of American children rely primarily on their mothers' earnings for financial support in cross-sectional surveys. Yet these data understate mothers' role as their family's primary earner. Using longitudinal Survey of Income and Program Participation panels beginning in 2014, we create multistate life table estimates of mothers' duration as primary earner as well as single-decrement life table estimates of their chance of ever being…
Divorce, Repartnering, and Stepfamilies
This article reviews key developments in the past decade of research on divorce, repartnering, and stepfamilies. Divorce rates are declining overall, but they remain high and have risen among people older than age 50. Remarriage rates have declined, but the overall proportion of marriages that are remarriages is rising. Transitions in parents' relationships continue to be associated with reduced child well-being, but shifting patterns of divorce …
Estimating Children’s Household Instability Between Birth and Age 18 Using Longitudinal Household Roster Data
Previous descriptions of the composition and stability of children’s households have focused on the presence of parents and the stability of mothers’ marital and cohabiting relationships. We use data available in the 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation to expand the description of children’s household composition and stability. We find that one in five children lives with nonnuclear household members. These other household members are…
Diverging Patterns of Union Transition Among Cohabitors by Race/Ethnicity and Education
The rise of cohabitation in family process among American young adults and declining rates of marriage among cohabitors are considered by some scholars as evidence for the importance of society-wide ideational shifts propelling recent changes in family. With data on two cohabiting cohorts from the NSFG 1995 and 2006-2010, the current study finds that marriage rates among cohabitors have declined steeply among those with no college degree, resulti…
Is It All About Money? Work Characteristics and Women's and Men's Marriage Formation in Early Adulthood
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97, this article investigates how work characteristics (earnings and autonomy) shape young adults' transition to first marriage separately for men and women. The results suggest that earnings are positively associated with marriage and that this association is as strong for women as men in their mid to late 20s. Additionally, occupational autonomy-having the control over one's own work str…
Divorce, Sociology of
The Growing Racial and Ethnic Divide in U.S. Marriage Patterns
The United States shows striking racial and ethnic differences in marriage patterns. Compared to both white and Hispanic women, black women marry later in life, are less likely to marry at all, and have higher rates of marital instability. Kelly Raley, Megan Sweeney, and Danielle Wondra begin by reviewing common explanations for these differences, which first gained momentum in the 1960s (though patterns of marital instability diverged earlier th…
Race-Ethnic Differences in the Non-marital Fertility Rates in 2006–2010
Opportunities to Meet
Explanations for the positive association between education and marriage in the United States emphasize the economic and cultural attractiveness of having a college degree in the marriage market. However, educational attainment may also shape the opportunities that men and women have to meet other college-educated partners, particularly in contexts with significant educational stratification. We focus on work—and the social ties that it supports—…
Race, Ethnicity, and the Changing Context of Childbearing in the United States
In what ways do childbearing patterns in the contemporary United States vary for white, black, and Hispanic women? Why do these differences exist? Although completed family size is currently similar for white and black women, and only modestly larger for Hispanic women, we highlight persistent differences across groups with respect to the timing of childbearing, the relationship context of childbearing, and the extent to which births are intended…
Multigenerational Households and the School Readiness of Children Born to Unmarried Mothers
Following the ongoing increase in nonmarital fertility, policy makers have looked for ways to limit the disadvantages faced by children of unmarried mothers. Recent initiatives included marriage promotion and welfare-to-work programs. Yet policy might also consider the promotion of three generational households. We know little about whether multigenerational households benefit children of unwed mothers, although they are mandated for unmarried te…
Young Adults' Fertility Expectations and Events
The analyses described in this article investigated the association between adolescent fertility expectations and college enrollment (N = 7,838). They also explored the potential impact of fertility expectations and events on college persistence among 4-year (n = 2,605) and 2-year (n = 1,962) college students. The analysis, which used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort, showed a significant association between expecta…
The Potential Contribution of Marital-Cohabitation Status to Racial, Ethnic, and Nativity Differentials in Birth Outcomes in Texas
A note on race, ethnicity and nativity differentials in remarriage in the United States
The objectives of this study are to produce up-to-date estimates of race/ethnic/nativity differentials for remarriage and repartnership among women in the United States and to see if these differences are due to across-group differences in demographic
Kin connection
Social-Contextual Influences on Adolescent Romantic Involvement
This research explores white-black differences in adolescent heterosexual romantic involvement and how these differences are shaped by social context. We find that, parallel to patterns of marriage in adulthood, Non-Hispanic white girls are more likely to be in a romantic relationship than African American girls. This is particularly true when we focus on heterosexual romantic relationships formed with schoolmates. Among boys, African Americans a…
Explaining Race and Ethnic Variation in Marriage
Class Composition
Objective. We investigate how a student's social climate in school, specifically the percentage of coursemates whose parents are college educated, influences the likelihood of enrolling in a four‐year college. Methods. Using Add Health and AHAA data, we employ hierarchical logistic regression models to analyze how the socioeconomic characteristics of coursemates influence four‐year college enrollment. Results. We find evidence that taking courses…
Family Structure History and Adolescent Romance
This study examined the association between family structure history and adolescent romance. Using a national sample drawn from Add Health (N= 13,570), family structure at Wave I was associated with the likelihood that adolescents were involved in a romantic relationship at Wave II and, among those in a relationship, the number of relationships they had since Wave I. Cumulative family instability and its timing were also associated with these out…
Of Sex and Romance
To better understand the social factors that influence the diverse pathways to family formation young adults experience today, this research investigates the association between opposite-gender relationships during late adolescence and union formation in early adulthood. Using data from the first and third waves of the Add Health (n= 4,911), we show that, for both men and women, there is continuity between adolescent and adult relationship experi…
Families in Society
Divorce, Repartnering, and Stepfamilies
This article reviews key developments in the past decade of research on divorce, repartnering, and stepfamilies. Divorce rates are declining overall, but they remain high and have risen among people older than age 50. Remarriage rates have declined, but the overall proportion of marriages that are remarriages is rising. Transitions in parents' relationships continue to be associated with reduced child well-being, but shifting patterns of divorce …
The topography of the divorce plateau
The probability of divorce in the U.S. has remained constant for the last two decades at about 'half of all marriages.' While this estimate is well established, and marked differentials in divorced rates are well known, there are no reliable estimates
Race, Ethnicity, and the Changing Context of Childbearing in the United States
In what ways do childbearing patterns in the contemporary United States vary for white, black, and Hispanic women? Why do these differences exist? Although completed family size is currently similar for white and black women, and only modestly larger for Hispanic women, we highlight persistent differences across groups with respect to the timing of childbearing, the relationship context of childbearing, and the extent to which births are intended…
The Changing Character of Stepfamilies
Divorce, nonmarital childbearing, and cohabitation are reshaping family experience in the United States. Because of these changes, our traditional definitions of families decreasingly capture the social units of interest. We have noted how a significant proportion of officially defined single-parent families actually are two-parent unmarried families. The present paper expands on this perspective with respect to stepfamilies. We must broaden our …
A Shortage of Marriageable Men? A Note on the Role of Cohabitation in Black-White Differences in Marriage Rates
Using the National Survey of Families and Households, the author explores the role of cohabitation in differences between Blacks and Whites in union formation. Previous research has explained at most one-quarter of racial differences in marriage rates. Despite this and a well-documented rise in premarital cohabitation among both races, no previous research has explored racial differences in union formation. He begins by showing that the Black-Whi…
Redefining Single-Parent Families
This paper explores the implications, for the measured prevalence and duration of mother-only families, of marked changes in nonmarital fertility, unmarried cohabitation, and homeleaving and re-entry. Throughout, estimates are compared on the basis of marital definitions and definitions including cohabitation. The duration of the first single-parent spell appears to have increased under the marital definition, but declines substantially when coha…
Of Sex and Romance
To better understand the social factors that influence the diverse pathways to family formation young adults experience today, this research investigates the association between opposite-gender relationships during late adolescence and union formation in early adulthood. Using data from the first and third waves of the Add Health (n= 4,911), we show that, for both men and women, there is continuity between adolescent and adult relationship experi…
Cohabitation and Children's Family Instability
This study estimates how much children's family instability is missed when we do not count transitions into and out of cohabitation, and examines early life course trajectories of children to see whether children who experience maternal cohabitation face more family instability than children who do not. Using data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth, analyses show that adding transitions into and out of cohabitation to those into and o…
Family Structure History and Adolescent Romance
This study examined the association between family structure history and adolescent romance. Using a national sample drawn from Add Health (N= 13,570), family structure at Wave I was associated with the likelihood that adolescents were involved in a romantic relationship at Wave II and, among those in a relationship, the number of relationships they had since Wave I. Cumulative family instability and its timing were also associated with these out…
Diverging Patterns of Union Transition Among Cohabitors by Race/Ethnicity and Education
The rise of cohabitation in family process among American young adults and declining rates of marriage among cohabitors are considered by some scholars as evidence for the importance of society-wide ideational shifts propelling recent changes in family. With data on two cohabiting cohorts from the NSFG 1995 and 2006-2010, the current study finds that marriage rates among cohabitors have declined steeply among those with no college degree, resulti…
Race-Ethnic Differences in Nonmarital Fertility
We use the National Survey of Family Growth to identify race-ethnic differences in nonmarital fertility, paying particular attention to Mexican American women. On the basis of a sample of 9,054 White, Black, and Mexican American women, we use event history methods to explore the role of family background, a woman's own employment and school enrollment, and cohabitation on nonmarital fertility. We additionally determine whether these relationships…
Understanding Mexican‐American Marriage Patterns Using a Life‐Course Approach
Objective. Guided by a life‐course framework that incorporates the interconnection between marriage, migration, and other transitions, we critically examine the familism explanation for the earlier age at marriage among Mexican Americans. Methods. We compare the marriage patterns of Mexican immigrants derived from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) to those of women living in Mexico derived from the Mexican Census. We then use data from …
Class Composition
Objective. We investigate how a student's social climate in school, specifically the percentage of coursemates whose parents are college educated, influences the likelihood of enrolling in a four‐year college. Methods. Using Add Health and AHAA data, we employ hierarchical logistic regression models to analyze how the socioeconomic characteristics of coursemates influence four‐year college enrollment. Results. We find evidence that taking courses…
Opportunities to Meet
Explanations for the positive association between education and marriage in the United States emphasize the economic and cultural attractiveness of having a college degree in the marriage market. However, educational attainment may also shape the opportunities that men and women have to meet other college-educated partners, particularly in contexts with significant educational stratification. We focus on work—and the social ties that it supports—…
"A small extension to "costs and rewards of children
Not Even if You Were the Last Person on Earth
Using the 1987-1988 and 1992-1994 waves of the National Survey of Families and Households, the authors measure the association between Wave 1 responses to 12 questions on whom respondents would be 'most willing to marry' and the likelihood of marriage by Wave 2. Preliminary analysis indicated that some questions about partner preferences are more predictive of marriage than others. Two hypotheses are developed to explain the pattern of effects. O…
Black-White Differences in Kin Contact and Exchange Among Never Married Adults
This research uses the National Survey of Families and Households to explore Black-White differences in kin contact and exchange among unmarried young adults. Many significant differences between Blacks and Whites are found in both the descriptive statistics and in regression models that control for education, employment, and area of residence. This article also investigates the role of premarital fertility in race differences for women. Unmarrie…
Explaining Race and Ethnic Variation in Marriage
Is It All About Money? Work Characteristics and Women's and Men's Marriage Formation in Early Adulthood
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97, this article investigates how work characteristics (earnings and autonomy) shape young adults' transition to first marriage separately for men and women. The results suggest that earnings are positively associated with marriage and that this association is as strong for women as men in their mid to late 20s. Additionally, occupational autonomy-having the control over one's own work str…
Multigenerational Households and the School Readiness of Children Born to Unmarried Mothers
Following the ongoing increase in nonmarital fertility, policy makers have looked for ways to limit the disadvantages faced by children of unmarried mothers. Recent initiatives included marriage promotion and welfare-to-work programs. Yet policy might also consider the promotion of three generational households. We know little about whether multigenerational households benefit children of unwed mothers, although they are mandated for unmarried te…
Estimating Children’s Household Instability Between Birth and Age 18 Using Longitudinal Household Roster Data
Previous descriptions of the composition and stability of children’s households have focused on the presence of parents and the stability of mothers’ marital and cohabiting relationships. We use data available in the 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation to expand the description of children’s household composition and stability. We find that one in five children lives with nonnuclear household members. These other household members are…
Maternal Cohabitation and Educational Success
Despite the dramatic increase in children's experiences in cohabiting families, little is known about how living in such families affects children's academic success. Extrapolating from two theoretical frameworks that have been commonly used to explain the association between parental divorce and educational outcomes, the authors constructed competing hypotheses about the effect of maternal cohabitation on educational expectations, achievement, a…
Retrospective Reports of Pregnancy Wantedness and Child Well-Being in the United States
Survey estimates indicate that about one half of all U.S. pregnancies that result in birth are reported as unwanted or mistimed. As a result, there is substantial interest in the association between pregnancy wantedness and infant and child well-being. The objective of this study is to expand our knowledge of the effects of pregnancy wantedness on several measures of child well-being using the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey-Longitudin…
Intergenerational Coresidence and Contact
Carol L. Roan, R. Kelly Raley, Intergenerational Coresidence and Contact: A Longitudinal Analysis of Adult Children's Response to Their Mother's Widowhood, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 58, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 708-717
Race-Ethnic Differences in the Non-marital Fertility Rates in 2006–2010
Redefining Single-Parent Families
This paper explores the implications, for the measured prevalence and duration of mother-only families, of marked changes in nonmarital fertility, unmarried cohabitation, and homeleaving and re-entry. Throughout, estimates are compared on the basis of marital definitions and definitions including cohabitation. The duration of the first single-parent spell appears to have increased under the marital definition, but declines substantially when coha…
The Changing Character of Stepfamilies
Divorce, nonmarital childbearing, and cohabitation are reshaping family experience in the United States. Because of these changes, our traditional definitions of families decreasingly capture the social units of interest. We have noted how a significant proportion of officially defined single-parent families actually are two-parent unmarried families. The present paper expands on this perspective with respect to stepfamilies. We must broaden our …
Black-White Differences in Kin Contact and Exchange Among Never Married Adults
This research uses the National Survey of Families and Households to explore Black-White differences in kin contact and exchange among unmarried young adults. Many significant differences between Blacks and Whites are found in both the descriptive statistics and in regression models that control for education, employment, and area of residence. This article also investigates the role of premarital fertility in race differences for women. Unmarrie…
Intergenerational Coresidence and Contact
Carol L. Roan, R. Kelly Raley, Intergenerational Coresidence and Contact: A Longitudinal Analysis of Adult Children's Response to Their Mother's Widowhood, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 58, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 708-717
A Shortage of Marriageable Men? A Note on the Role of Cohabitation in Black-White Differences in Marriage Rates
Using the National Survey of Families and Households, the author explores the role of cohabitation in differences between Blacks and Whites in union formation. Previous research has explained at most one-quarter of racial differences in marriage rates. Despite this and a well-documented rise in premarital cohabitation among both races, no previous research has explored racial differences in union formation. He begins by showing that the Black-Whi…
The effect of respondent's kinship position on reported levels of integrational contact
The Quality and Comparability of Child Care Data in U.S. Surveys
Family
The research conducted by family historians over the past three decades challenges, modifies, and ultimately enriches sociological understandings about American family life today. By looking closely at the historical record, the author is able to debunk certain myths, such as the belief that the “ideal” family (male breadwinner and female domestic manager) has been historically prevalent; that the “traditional” family has been disintegrating in r…
Increasing fertility in cohabiting unions
As cohabitation becomes increasingly common and accepted, one might expect the meaning of this arrangement to change. In some countries in Europe (e.g., Sweden), as cohabitation became more prevalent, it moved from a deviant status to an acceptable alternative to marriage. Will the same thing happen in the United States? To investigate this question, I examine increases in the proportion of births occurring in cohabiting unions, using data from t…
Increasing Fertility in Cohabiting Unions
As cohabitation becomes increasingly common and accepted, one might expect the meaning of this arrangement to change. In some countries in Europe (e.g., Sweden), as cohabitation became more prevalent, it moved from a deviant status to an acceptable alternative to marriage. Will the same thing happen in the United States? To investigate this question, I examine increases in the proportion of births occurring in cohabiting unions, using data from t…
Family Configurations and Child‐Care Patterns
Objectives . This article examines the extent to which mothers must find child‐care arrangements for more than one preschool child and, when they do, the strategies they adopt to juggle their work and family roles. Methods . We use national data from numerous studies with information on fertility and child care among employed mothers with children. Results . We find that it is a common life‐course experience for mothers to need child care for two…
The Effects of the Differential Undercount on Survey Estimates of Race Differences in Marriage
The fact that Blacks, and especially Black men, are not as well represented in survey data as Whites is well known among demographers. What is less well known is the potential impact of the differential undercount on estimates of race differences in various demographic behaviors. This research examines the potential effects of the differential undercount by race and marital status on estimates of race differences in marriage. The results show tha…
Out of Wedlock
The topography of the divorce plateau
The probability of divorce in the U.S. has remained constant for the last two decades at about 'half of all marriages.' While this estimate is well established, and marked differentials in divorced rates are well known, there are no reliable estimates
Understanding Mexican‐American Marriage Patterns Using a Life‐Course Approach
Objective. Guided by a life‐course framework that incorporates the interconnection between marriage, migration, and other transitions, we critically examine the familism explanation for the earlier age at marriage among Mexican Americans. Methods. We compare the marriage patterns of Mexican immigrants derived from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) to those of women living in Mexico derived from the Mexican Census. We then use data from …
Retrospective Reports of Pregnancy Wantedness and Child Well-Being in the United States
Survey estimates indicate that about one half of all U.S. pregnancies that result in birth are reported as unwanted or mistimed. As a result, there is substantial interest in the association between pregnancy wantedness and infant and child well-being. The objective of this study is to expand our knowledge of the effects of pregnancy wantedness on several measures of child well-being using the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey-Longitudin…
Not Even if You Were the Last Person on Earth
Using the 1987-1988 and 1992-1994 waves of the National Survey of Families and Households, the authors measure the association between Wave 1 responses to 12 questions on whom respondents would be 'most willing to marry' and the likelihood of marriage by Wave 2. Preliminary analysis indicated that some questions about partner preferences are more predictive of marriage than others. Two hypotheses are developed to explain the pattern of effects. O…
Cohabitation and Children's Family Instability
This study estimates how much children's family instability is missed when we do not count transitions into and out of cohabitation, and examines early life course trajectories of children to see whether children who experience maternal cohabitation face more family instability than children who do not. Using data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth, analyses show that adding transitions into and out of cohabitation to those into and o…
Maternal Cohabitation and Educational Success
Despite the dramatic increase in children's experiences in cohabiting families, little is known about how living in such families affects children's academic success. Extrapolating from two theoretical frameworks that have been commonly used to explain the association between parental divorce and educational outcomes, the authors constructed competing hypotheses about the effect of maternal cohabitation on educational expectations, achievement, a…
"A small extension to "costs and rewards of children
Families in Society
Race-Ethnic Differences in Nonmarital Fertility
We use the National Survey of Family Growth to identify race-ethnic differences in nonmarital fertility, paying particular attention to Mexican American women. On the basis of a sample of 9,054 White, Black, and Mexican American women, we use event history methods to explore the role of family background, a woman's own employment and school enrollment, and cohabitation on nonmarital fertility. We additionally determine whether these relationships…
Of Sex and Romance
To better understand the social factors that influence the diverse pathways to family formation young adults experience today, this research investigates the association between opposite-gender relationships during late adolescence and union formation in early adulthood. Using data from the first and third waves of the Add Health (n= 4,911), we show that, for both men and women, there is continuity between adolescent and adult relationship experi…
Class Composition
Objective. We investigate how a student's social climate in school, specifically the percentage of coursemates whose parents are college educated, influences the likelihood of enrolling in a four‐year college. Methods. Using Add Health and AHAA data, we employ hierarchical logistic regression models to analyze how the socioeconomic characteristics of coursemates influence four‐year college enrollment. Results. We find evidence that taking courses…
Family Structure History and Adolescent Romance
This study examined the association between family structure history and adolescent romance. Using a national sample drawn from Add Health (N= 13,570), family structure at Wave I was associated with the likelihood that adolescents were involved in a romantic relationship at Wave II and, among those in a relationship, the number of relationships they had since Wave I. Cumulative family instability and its timing were also associated with these out…
Sociology (42 obras) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (37 obras) · Psychology (36 obras) · Demography (34 obras) · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving (27 obras) · Population (25 obras) · Demography (22 obras) · Demographic economics (21 obras) · Economics (20 obras) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (20 obras)