Kris Inwood
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 984412 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kris Inwood |
| NOMBRES | Kris |
| APELLIDO | Inwood |
| FIRMA | INWOOD K |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Guelph |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3533-7047 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 58 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 104 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1985 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Mobility and marriage
This article develops a methodology to create a longitudinal historical database of women by linking Ontario marriage records 1859-1938 to complete count Canadian census data between 1871 and 1921. We assess link quality using tests that provide insight into the trade-offs between sample size and allowing more potential false positives into the universe of accepted links. The results of these tests provide guidance on practical considerations in …
The decline of child stunting in 122 countries
INTRODUCTION: Child stunting, a measure of malnutrition, is a major global health challenge affecting 148.1 million children in 2022. Global stunting rates have declined from 47.2% in 1985 to 22.3% in 2022; however, trends before the mid-1980s are unclear, including whether child stunting was previously prevalent in current high-income countries (HICs). We conducted a systematic review of child growth studies before 1990 to reconstruct historical…
Enumerating Indigenous populations at the turn of the twentieth century
In 1901, the Canadian government published a summary of the Indigenous population resident within the boundaries of what would become present-day Canada. Until now, the census microdata underlying this summary has not been available to researchers. We use these newly available data from the enumerator manuscripts to provide a detailed, quantitative profile of Indigenous Peoples at this time, taking advantage of the fact that the 1901 census is th…
Using the TCP data to study Indigenous households’ living arrangements at the turn of the 20th century
The physical well-being of Indigenous communities in the Pacific Northwest
This paper documents the height of Indigenous men from the Pacific Northwest who were incarcerated in British Columbia's jails during a period of colonization and increasing market access. The average height of adults from a given community reflects the standard of living in that community at the time the adults were growing to maturity. After correcting for the impact of sample selection arising from prisoners' personal attributes, their home co…
Adapting wild biodiversity conservation approaches to conserve agrobiodiversity
Surviving the Deluge
We estimate the correlates of death and injury in action during the First World War for a sample of 2400 non-officer British servicemen who were born in the 1890s. Among these 13.1% were killed in action and another 23.5% were wounded. Not surprisingly we find that the probability of death or wounding increases with time in the army and was higher among infantrymen. For a serviceman who enlisted in the infantry at the beginning of the war and con…
Living standards in settler South Africa, 1865–1920
Solitary confinement and health and other life course outcomes for convict women
Many studies have linked sensory deprivation punishments to elevated risk of suicide and other immediate poor health outcomes, although there have been comparatively few examinations of the potential medium- and long-term impacts of being placed in a solitary cell. This article seeks to fill that gap by exploring the effects that the experience of solitary confinement and separate treatment had on the life courses of female convicts transported t…
Adolescent growth and convict transportation to nineteenth-century Australia
This paper explores growth patterns for British and Irish adolescents transported to Australia in the 19th century. During incarceration in Australia, the young convicts did not catch up with contemporary standards of potential stature—contrary to what we are led to expect by the existing literature and the high calorie convict diet. Rather, the experience of transportation stunted the adolescent male convicts. Variation between height on arrival…
The mortality risk of being overweight in the twentieth century
Intergenerational Mobility in a Mid-Atlantic Economy
This article uses new linked full-count census data for Canada to document intergenerational occupational mobility from 1871 to 1901. We find significant differences among Canadian regions and language groups, with linguistic minorities experiencing notably lower rates of intergenerational mobility. International comparisons place Canada midway between other economies in the Americas and the most mobile European societies. Decompositions of overa…
Historical Databases Now and in the Future
Kees Mandemakers has enriched historical databases in the Netherlands and internationally through the development of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands, the Intermediate Data Structure, a practical implementation of rule-based record linking (LINKS) and personal encouragement of high quality longitudinal data in a number of countries
Reconstructing a Longitudinal Dataset for Tasmania
This article describes the formation of The Tasmanian Historical Dataset a longitudinal data resource spanning the 19th and early 20th century. This resource contains over 1.6 million records drawn from digitised prison and hospital admission registers, military enlistment papers, births, deaths and marriages, census and muster records, arrival and departure lists, bank accounts and property valuations, maps and plans and meteorological observati…
Report of the Editor for 2020
The Return of Quantitative Approaches to Canadian History
An important kind of digital-based research – the use of quantitative sources and analysis – expanded in Canadian history journals during the 1970s and 1980s, declined in the 1990s, and then has increased again since the early years of the new millennium. A wide variety of sources are being digitized and used for historical research that is wholly or, more commonly, partially quantitative in nature. The Canadian census is the most widely used of …
Population, Economy and Household Structure in Comparative Perspective
Selection Bias and Social Science History
Historians and social scientists routinely, and inevitably, rely on sources that are unrepresentative of the past. The articles in this special issue of the journal illustrate the widespread prevalence of selection bias in historical sources, and the ways in which historians negotiate this challenge to reach useful conclusions from valuable, if imperfect sources
The Short and the Tall
Over the last four decades, historians and social scientists have become increasingly interested in the way in which information about stature might be used to explore the impact of environmental factors on the physical growth and well-being of past populations. A particular problem encountered by many researchers is that height data is only available for selected populations, typically military recruits or those admitted to correctional institut…
Selection Bias Encountered in the Systematic Linking of Historical Census Records
Linked historical records typically are unrepresentative of the population from which they are drawn even if the method of linking is restricted to time-invariant matching criteria. An example drawn from Canadian census records illustrates the nature of bias that may afflict even a carefully linked sample. The use of potentially time-varying match criteria doubles the size of a linked sample at a modest cost in terms of additional bias. This trad…
Military Technology and Sample Selection Bias
Military enlistment is highly selective for reasons of both labor demand and supply. An early-twentieth-century evolution of military technology that shifted the demand for workers of different stature illustrates the importance of labor demand beyond the commonly discussed influences originating with labor supply. English-born soldiers in the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902) were taller, on average, than those of World War I (1914–18), yet these diffe…
Interracial marriages in twentieth-century Cape Town
One of the most controversial laws promulgated by the National Party as part of South Africa’s mid-twentieth century apartheid policies was the 1949 Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act. This Act stipulated that ‘a marriage between a European and non-European may not be solemnized, and any such marriage solemnized in contravention of the provisions of this section shall be void and of null effect’. We use more than 23,000 newly-transcribed Anglican…
Determinants of Influenza Mortality Trends
This study examines the roles of age, period, and cohort in influenza mortality trends over the years 1959–2016 in the United States. First, we use Lexis surfaces based on Serfling models to highlight influenza mortality patterns as well as to identify lingering effects of early-life exposure to specific influenza virus subtypes (e.g., H1N1, H3N2). Second, we use age-period-cohort (APC) methods to explore APC linear trends and identify changes in…
Occupational income scores and immigrant assimilation. Evidence from the Canadian census
Atmospheric Pollution, Health, and Height in Late Nineteenth Century Britain
In nineteenth century Britain atmospheric pollution from coal-fired industrialization was on the order of 50 times higher than today. We examine the effects of these emissions on child development by analysing the heights on enlistment during WWI of men born in England and Wales in the 1890s. We find a strong negative relationship between adult heights and the coal intensity of the districts in which these men were observed as children in the 190…
Occupational income scores and immigrant assimilation. Evidence from the Canadian census
Health, height, and the household at the turn of the twentieth century
This article examines the health and height of men born in England and Wales in the 1890s who enlisted in the army at the time of the First World War, using a sample of recruits from the army service records. These are linked to their childhood circumstances as observed in the 1901 census. Econometric results indicate that height on enlistment was positively related to socio-economic class, and negatively to the number of children in the househol…
Selection Bias Encountered in the Systematic Linking of Historical Census Records
Linked historical records typically are unrepresentative of the population from which they are drawn even if the method of linking is restricted to time-invariant matching criteria. An example drawn from Canadian census records illustrates the nature of bias that may afflict even a carefully linked sample. The use of potentially time-varying match criteria doubles the size of a linked sample at a modest cost in terms of additional bias. This trad…
Discontinuities in Canadian economic growth, 1870–1985
Intergenerational Mobility in a Mid-Atlantic Economy
This article uses new linked full-count census data for Canada to document intergenerational occupational mobility from 1871 to 1901. We find significant differences among Canadian regions and language groups, with linguistic minorities experiencing notably lower rates of intergenerational mobility. International comparisons place Canada midway between other economies in the Americas and the most mobile European societies. Decompositions of overa…
Atmospheric Pollution, Health, and Height in Late Nineteenth Century Britain
In nineteenth century Britain atmospheric pollution from coal-fired industrialization was on the order of 50 times higher than today. We examine the effects of these emissions on child development by analysing the heights on enlistment during WWI of men born in England and Wales in the 1890s. We find a strong negative relationship between adult heights and the coal intensity of the districts in which these men were observed as children in the 190…
Poverty and Physical Well-being among the Coloured Population in South Africa
We review the social construction of race and the experience of relative poverty and ill-health among South Africa's Coloured population. We argue that childhood deprivation among Coloureds and race-based inequality in physical well-being, which is still visible today, began at least as early as the 1870s. The historical literature points to differences in morbidity and mortality between Whites and Coloureds before World War Two. New evidence fro…
Interracial marriages in twentieth-century Cape Town
One of the most controversial laws promulgated by the National Party as part of South Africa’s mid-twentieth century apartheid policies was the 1949 Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act. This Act stipulated that ‘a marriage between a European and non-European may not be solemnized, and any such marriage solemnized in contravention of the provisions of this section shall be void and of null effect’. We use more than 23,000 newly-transcribed Anglican…
Big Data and the Military
The digitisation of a large number of First World War personnel files in different countries permits novel big data analyses that contribute in important ways to the histories of the British Empire and of individual countries including Australia. Mass digitisation is very recent; we are only beginning to realise the power of the new resources. In this article we highlight recent use of First World War datasets for non-First World War research que…
Transport Costs and Trade Volumes
We use newly compiled evidence on inter- and intra-continental shipping costs to investigate the relationship between transportation and trade for trans-Atlantic iron markets from 1870-1913. Although we find a surprisingly weak connection linking ocean freight rates to British exports, after controlling for endogeneity and measuring all costs associated with inter-continental pig iron shipments and the intra-continental assembly of raw materials,…
A New Prosopography
Who were the enumerators and to what degree were they representative of the wider Ontario population in 1891? What potential influence did the selection of enumerators have on the accuracy and bias of the census returns? We address these questions by considering the residence and socioeconomic characteristics of Ontario enumerators, as identified in their own census returns, in relation to a new 5 percent sample of the entire Ontario population. …
Maritime Capital
Sager and Panting describe in detail the growth of the shipping industry and the economic context in which the shipping merchants operated. Shipowning and shipbuilding were a central part of the mercantile economy of the Atlantic colonies of British North America. But, following a slow and incomplete transition in the region from commercial to industrial capitalism, the shipping industry collapsed: by 1900 the local fleets were a third of their s…
The Survival of Handloom Weaving in Rural Canada Circa 1870
Handloom weaving with a mixture of wool and cotton yarn was common in late nineteenth-century Canada. The hand technology survived using industrial inputs and part-time female labor whose opportunity cost was relatively low in rural areas. The demand for homespun was income-sensitive and reinforced by the cold Canadian climate. The patterns of weaving by men and women differed, but both produced for the market in addition to home consumption. Clo…
Adolescent growth and convict transportation to nineteenth-century Australia
This paper explores growth patterns for British and Irish adolescents transported to Australia in the 19th century. During incarceration in Australia, the young convicts did not catch up with contemporary standards of potential stature—contrary to what we are led to expect by the existing literature and the high calorie convict diet. Rather, the experience of transportation stunted the adolescent male convicts. Variation between height on arrival…
The mortality risk of being overweight in the twentieth century
Military Technology and Sample Selection Bias
Military enlistment is highly selective for reasons of both labor demand and supply. An early-twentieth-century evolution of military technology that shifted the demand for workers of different stature illustrates the importance of labor demand beyond the commonly discussed influences originating with labor supply. English-born soldiers in the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902) were taller, on average, than those of World War I (1914–18), yet these diffe…
Determinants of Influenza Mortality Trends
This study examines the roles of age, period, and cohort in influenza mortality trends over the years 1959–2016 in the United States. First, we use Lexis surfaces based on Serfling models to highlight influenza mortality patterns as well as to identify lingering effects of early-life exposure to specific influenza virus subtypes (e.g., H1N1, H3N2). Second, we use age-period-cohort (APC) methods to explore APC linear trends and identify changes in…
Physical growth and ethnic inequality in New Zealand prisons, 1840–1975
The British colonization of New Zealand after 1840 was marked by an unusual concern compared to other settler colonies for incorporating the indigenous population Māori population into the new society. But despite a continuing political rhetoric of protection and sovereignty Māori have historically had lower living standards and, since the 1920s, higher rates of incarceration than European-descended New Zealanders (Pākehā). In this paper we exami…
The social consequences of legal reform
This article examines patterns of property-holding in an Ontario town before and after legislation in 1872 and 1884 that permitted married women to hold property in their own name. The experience of Guelph follows that of other North American urban communities in which women substantially increased their share of urban property during this period. Single and widowed women achieved most of the gains although married women also increased their hold…
Gender and Occupational Identity in a Canadian Census
Key Words: Canadacensusoccupationwomenwork
Rejoinder Segmented Trend Models of Canadian Economic Growth
Selection Bias and Social Science History
Historians and social scientists routinely, and inevitably, rely on sources that are unrepresentative of the past. The articles in this special issue of the journal illustrate the widespread prevalence of selection bias in historical sources, and the ways in which historians negotiate this challenge to reach useful conclusions from valuable, if imperfect sources
The Short and the Tall
Over the last four decades, historians and social scientists have become increasingly interested in the way in which information about stature might be used to explore the impact of environmental factors on the physical growth and well-being of past populations. A particular problem encountered by many researchers is that height data is only available for selected populations, typically military recruits or those admitted to correctional institut…
Prison and the colonial family
Between 1865 and 1924, descriptions of 39,000 discharged prisoners were circulatedvia the pages of the Tasmanian Police Gazette. This article examines ways in whichthese detailed records can be used to shed light on childhood experience in this formerBritish penal colony. The authors compare height measurements for Tasmanian-bornprisoners with those for British and Irish migrants in order to explore the social andenvironmental circumstances that …
FightingFit? Diet, Disease, and Disability in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914–18
In spite of considerable period propaganda to the otherwise, the average member of the Canadian Expeditionary Force was far from a northern superman. Some, in fact, were quite the opposite. A close analysis of enlistment records indicates that majority of Canada’s would-be warriors not only were — as one might expect — of average height and build, but also that many suffered from a wide variety of health concerns ranging from poor eyesight and de…
Productivity Growth in Obsolescence
The technology of charcoal iron manufacture in late nineteenth-century Canada is examined in this paper. Use of a super-heated and hard-driven furnace blast contributed to a resurgence of production after 1890. A lag in the diffusion of these techniques is explained by the small size of the Canadian market. Contrasts are noted with charcoal iron smelting in several regions of the United States
Discontinuities in Canadian economic growth, 1870–1985
North American Patterns of Growth and Development
The Survival of Handloom Weaving in Rural Canada Circa 1870
Handloom weaving with a mixture of wool and cotton yarn was common in late nineteenth-century Canada. The hand technology survived using industrial inputs and part-time female labor whose opportunity cost was relatively low in rural areas. The demand for homespun was income-sensitive and reinforced by the cold Canadian climate. The patterns of weaving by men and women differed, but both produced for the market in addition to home consumption. Clo…
Farm, Factory and Fortune
Maritime Capital
Sager and Panting describe in detail the growth of the shipping industry and the economic context in which the shipping merchants operated. Shipowning and shipbuilding were a central part of the mercantile economy of the Atlantic colonies of British North America. But, following a slow and incomplete transition in the region from commercial to industrial capitalism, the shipping industry collapsed: by 1900 the local fleets were a third of their s…
Farm, Factory, and Fortune
Representations of Work
Rejoinder Segmented Trend Models of Canadian Economic Growth
Bibliographie d’histoire de l’Amérique française
les notices qui n'ont pas t releves car la Revue n'a pas publi de bibliographie de 1992 1994. Nous sommes encore en priode de rodage puisque notre bibliographie s'alimente maintenant diverses banques de donnes. D'ici quelques numros, elle devrait tre plus complte et ne comporter que des notices rcentes
Gender and Occupational Identity in a Canadian Census
Key Words: Canadacensusoccupationwomenwork
The Diversity of Industrial Experience
The diversity of paths to industrialization is illustrated by the example of the cabinet- and furniture-manufacturing industry in Ontario, Canada. Complex and unpredictable demand combined with smaller markets and lower incomes than those in the United States and the relative abundance of wood to limit mechanization and the size of enterprise in the Canadian industry. Small and unpowered workshops remained competitive throughout the nineteenth an…
The social consequences of legal reform
This article examines patterns of property-holding in an Ontario town before and after legislation in 1872 and 1884 that permitted married women to hold property in their own name. The experience of Guelph follows that of other North American urban communities in which women substantially increased their share of urban property during this period. Single and widowed women achieved most of the gains although married women also increased their hold…
Introduction
The distribution of property in any community reflects a variety of cultural, economic and social influences including, not least, a legal framework that defines property and the rights to use and transfer it. Legal change, in turn, has the capacity to reshape distribution and the complex matrix of culture, society and economy that surrounds access to property. The articles that have been brought together for this special issue of Continuity and …
Perspectives on International Development Studies in Canadian Universities
This paper briefly surveys the membership of the Canadian Consortium of University Programs in International Development Studies (ccupids) to establish a perspective on the variety of institutional and intellectual contexts within which international development is studied in Canada. The paper then examines some of the institutional and intellectual challenges that currently influence the directions of debate in the field of International Develop…
Factor Prices and Income Distribution in Less Industrialised Economies 1870–1939
Global trade expansion after 1870 had potentially powerful effects on income distribution, especially in land‐abundant less industrialised economies, by increasing land prices relative to wages. The papers in this issue add evidence on wage–rentals for a range of countries, specifically Australia, Canada, Ghana, India, and Sweden. These new data offer partial support for Jeffrey Williamson’s view that the distributional effects of booming global …
Hecksher‐ohlin in Canada
Many immigrant‐receiving and land‐abundant countries experienced a diminishing ratio of wages to land prices during the globalisation era from 1870 to 1910. Factor price evidence suggests that Canada does not fit the pattern. We present the first Canadian estimates of region‐specific wages and land prices that span the period from 1871 to 1925. Our evidence indicates that while Canada as a nation looks like an anomaly in the era of convergence, t…
The great transformation
The devil is in the details
Physical Stature in Nineteenth‐century New Zealand
During the late nineteenth century, the physical stature of New Zealand‐born men stagnated, despite an apparently beneficial public health environment and growth in per‐capita incomes. We examine trends and differentials in male stature through World War I enlistment and casualty records. Stature varied by social class, with professionals and men in rural occupations substantially taller than their peers. There is not enough evidence to show that…
A New Prosopography
Who were the enumerators and to what degree were they representative of the wider Ontario population in 1891? What potential influence did the selection of enumerators have on the accuracy and bias of the census returns? We address these questions by considering the residence and socioeconomic characteristics of Ontario enumerators, as identified in their own census returns, in relation to a new 5 percent sample of the entire Ontario population. …
Poverty and Physical Well-being among the Coloured Population in South Africa
We review the social construction of race and the experience of relative poverty and ill-health among South Africa's Coloured population. We argue that childhood deprivation among Coloureds and race-based inequality in physical well-being, which is still visible today, began at least as early as the 1870s. The historical literature points to differences in morbidity and mortality between Whites and Coloureds before World War Two. New evidence fro…
FightingFit? Diet, Disease, and Disability in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914–18
In spite of considerable period propaganda to the otherwise, the average member of the Canadian Expeditionary Force was far from a northern superman. Some, in fact, were quite the opposite. A close analysis of enlistment records indicates that majority of Canada’s would-be warriors not only were — as one might expect — of average height and build, but also that many suffered from a wide variety of health concerns ranging from poor eyesight and de…
Lives in Transition
Introduction
Economics (30 obras) · Historical Economic and Social Studies (29 obras) · Sociology (29 obras) · Geography (27 obras) · Demography (25 obras) · Political science (25 obras) · History (21 obras) · Population (19 obras) · Demography (16 obras) · Demographic economics (14 obras)