Replication of High Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevalence Rates, Child Characteristics, and Maternal Risk Factors in a Second Sample of Rural Communities in South Africa

Datos Bibliográficos

ID15465685
AutoresP A May (0000-0003-1939-8701, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, autor de correspondencia), Philip May (0000-0003-0835-9053, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 28081, USA), Marlene De Vries (Stellenbosch University), Anna-Susan Marais (0000-0002-6003-5681, Stellenbosch University), Wendy O Kalberg (0000-0002-5174-5577, University of New Mexico), Wendy Kalberg (Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA), David Buckley (0000-0002-6514-2208, University of New Mexico), Colleen Adnams (University of Cape Town), Colleen M Adnams (University of Cape Town), Julie M Hasken (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), Julie Hasken (Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 28081, USA), Barbara G Tabachnick (California State University, Northridge), Barbara Tabachnick (Emerita of Psychology, California State University, Northridge, Los Angeles, CA 91330, USA), Luther K Robinson (University at Buffalo, State University of New York), Luther Robinson (State University of New York), Melanie Manning (Stanford University), Heidre Bezuidenhout (0000-0003-1333-2365, Stellenbosch University), Margaret P Adam (0000-0001-9817-5121, University of Washington), Kenneth Jones (University of California San Diego), Kenneth Lyons Jones (0000-0002-5404-5912, University of California San Diego), Soraya Seedat (0000-0002-5118-786X, Stellenbosch University), Charles Parry (0000-0001-9787-2785, South African Medical Research Council), H Eugene Hoyme (0000-0002-1979-693X, University of Arizona), H Hoyme (Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA)
Año2017
Volumen14
Número5
Páginas522-522
Fecha de publicación2017-05-12
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
EditorialMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph14050522
PMID28498341
OpenAlexW2612050399
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas10
Referencias citadas40

Background : Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and total fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) were studied in a second sample of three South African rural communities to assess change. Methods : Active case ascertainment focused on children with height, weight and/or head circumference ≤25th centile and randomly-selected children. Final diagnoses were based on dysmorphology, neurobehavioral scores, and maternal risk interviews. Results : Cardinal facial features, head circumference, and total dysmorphology scores differentiated specific FASD diagnostic categories in a somewhat linear fashion but all FASD traits were significantly worse than those of randomly-selected controls. Neurodevelopmental delays were significantly worse for children with FASD than controls. Binge alcohol use was clearly documented as the proximal maternal risk factor for FASD, and significant distal risk factors were: low body mass, education, and income; high gravidity, parity, and age at birth of the index child. FAS rates continue to extremely high in these communities at 9-129 per 1000 children. Total FASD affect 196-276 per 1000 or 20-28% of the children in these communities. Conclusions : Very high rates of FASD persist in these general populations where regular, heavy drinking, often in a binge fashion, co-occurs with low socioeconomic conditions

Binge drinking · Body mass index · Environmental health · Fetal alcohol · Fetal alcohol syndrome · Injury prevention · Poison control · Population · Pregnancy · Socioeconomic status · Demography · Folate and B Vitamins Research · Gestational Diabetes Research and Management · Medicine · Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics