When Are “Paraphernalia” Critical Medical Supplies

Evidence of harm reduction interventions' morbidity and mortality benefits is abundant and of high quality, so there are good reasons for regional and national groups to advocate for more widespread distribution of legally regulated "drug paraphernalia," including needles, syringes, and fentanyl test strips. But lack of consistency among states' laws means that patients' interstate travel can subject them to being charged with possession of illegal items. This commentary on a case offers guidance to clinicians looking to help patients understand legal risks of interstate travel with supplies that are prescribed or recommended to reduce harms of their drug use and explores the ethical responsibilities of physicians in jurisdictions that legally prohibit these harm reduction interventions

Archaeology · Business · Geography · Paraphernalia · Pain Management and Placebo Effect

• Effectiveness of needle-exchange programmes for prevention of HIV infection

  Open Access•Susan F Hurley, Damien John Jolley et al.•The Lancet•1997

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• Fentanyl test strips as an opioid overdose prevention strategy

  Open Access•Nicholas C Peiper, Sarah Clarke et al.•International Journal of Drug…•2019

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• Behavior change after fentanyl testing at a safe consumption space for women in Northern Mexico

  Open Access•David Goodman-Meza, Jaime Arredondo et al.•International Journal of Drug…•2022

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• Harm reduction ethics

  Open Access•Christine Fry, Craig L Fry et al.•International Journal of Drug…•2008

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