The Development of an Objective Scale to Measure a Transpersonal Orientation to Learning

Datos Bibliográficos

ID20286331
AutoresStewart Shapiro (0000-0002-4895-0772, University of California, Santa Barbara), Stewart B Shapiro (University of California, Santa Barbara), Louise F Fitzgerald (0000-0001-7289-3803, University of California, Santa Barbara)
Año1989
Volumen49
Número2
Páginas375-384
Fecha de publicación1989-06-01
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaEducational and Psychological Measurement (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 0013-1644 • E-ISSN: 1552-3888
EditorialSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/0013164489492010
OpenAlexW2077021814
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas3
Referencias citadas10

A transpersonal orientation to learning was detected in the writings of 89 well-known representatives of humanistic education. According to the transpersonal approach, schools and other learning environments should be used for the development of spiritual potential as well as academic, vocational, and socio-personal learning. Despite many studies and measures of paranormal/ transpersonal beliefs and practices, there has been none devoted exclusively to objective scales measuring such applications to education. In the current study, a 40-item Likert-scale, The Transpersonal Orientation to Learning (TOTL), was developed and validated to meet the need for such careful measures in today's increasingly controversial climate regarding the place of any and all religious beliefs in the public schools. Satisfactory reliability and promising predictive and construct validity were demonstrated for TOTL. An equamax factor analysis revealed four factors: Fantasy Techniques in Schools, Mysticism Preferred to Science, Paranormal Techniques in Schools, and Transcendent Conscious-ness

Developmental psychology · Likert scale · Mathematics education · Paranormal · Psychotherapist · Scale (ratio) · Transpersonal · Transpersonal psychology · Jungian Analytical Psychology · Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs · Psychology · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology · Social Psychology