Low ambient temperature and sudden temperature drop increases the incidence of acute aortic dissection

Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a cardiovascular catastrophe with substantial early mortality. Although ambient cold has been implicated as a trigger, existing evidence derives predominantly from temperate and subtropical settings. Populations enduring protracted severe winters-a hallmark of cold temperate zones-remain underrepresented, leaving the cardiovascular hazard of sustained extreme cold poorly defined. Methods: In this retrospective time-stratified case-crossover study, we analyzed 1 384 patients with AAD admitted to a tertiary cardiovascular center in Harbin, China-a city in the cold temperate zone of Northeast Asia with a harsh continental monsoon climate. Meteorological data (2014-2023) were interrogated using distributed lag non-linear models combined with conditional logistic regression to quantify exposure lag-response relationships between daily mean temperature and temperature change between neighboring days (TCN) with the AAD onset. Results: A near-linear increase in AAD risk was observed with decreasing daily mean temperature, with minimum morbidity at 25.9 °C. Extreme cold (-23.4 °C, 1st percentile) raised the risk significantly within 3 days. A pronounced risk elevation followed temperature drops between consecutive days-a decline of 9.2 °C was associated with a RR of 9.57 (95% CI 1.21-75.76). In contrast, temperature rises conferred protection. These effects were accentuated in winter and during the period of centralized indoor heating. Conclusion: In a cold temperate region marked by severe winters, both low ambient temperature and abrupt cooling act as potent environmental triggers for AAD. These findings call for enhanced clinical awareness and tailored preventive measures during cold exposure in such climates

Aortic dissection · Conditional logistic regression · Extreme Cold · Logistic regression · Retrospective cohort study · Subtropics · Temperate climate · Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Thermal Regulation in Medicine

• Case???Crossover Analyses of Air Pollution Exposure Data

  Holly Janes, Lianne Sheppard et al.•Epidemiology•2005

  Añadir item

• Distributed lag non‐linear models

  Open Access•Antonio Gasparrini, Ben Armstrong et al.•Statistics in Medicine•2010

  Añadir item

• Association between ambient temperature and mortality risk and burden

  Open Access•Renjie Chen, Peng Yin et al.•BMJ•2018

  Añadir item

• Modeling exposure–lag–response associations with distributed lag non‐linear models

  Open Access•Antonio Gasparrini•Statistics in Medicine•2014

  Añadir item

• Short-term effects of air pollution and weather changes on the occurrence of acute aortic dissection in a cold region

  Open Access•Haiyu Zhang, Åse-Johanna Syversen et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2023

  Añadir item

• Association of ambient temperature on acute ischemic stroke in Yancheng, China

  Open Access•Kai Qian, Qian Sun et al.•BMC Public Health•2024

  Añadir item