Exploring spatiotemporal trends and impacts of health resources and services on under-5 mortality in West African countries, 2010–2019

A spatial data analysis

Datos Bibliográficos

ID22090733
AutoresMeng Zeng (0009-0009-5605-6496, Central South University), Lu Niu (0009-0008-3320-6378, Central South University, autor de correspondencia)
Año2023
Volumen11
Páginas1193319-1193319
Fecha de publicación2023-09-13
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaFrontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565
EditorialFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193319
PMID37771822
OpenAlexW4386710280
IdiomaEN
Referencias citadas36

Background West African countries experienced the highest under-5 mortality rate (U5MR), the lowest life expectancy, and the poorest economic development. This study aimed to explore the spatiotemporal trend of U5MR and spatial spillover effects of health resources and services to provide a basis for establishing health policies and international cooperative mechanisms in West Africa. Methods We retrieved data from the World Health Organization’s Global Health Observatory, the United Nations Human Development Report, and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis and Moran’s I method were used to examine the temporal trend and spatial dependence of U5MR, respectively. Spatial regression analysis was used to examine the spatial spillover effects. Results The long-term downward trends in U5MR were divided into multiple segments by two or three change points in 2013, 2014, or 2015, and the annual percentage change after 2015 was higher than before 2015. Global Moran’s I was positive, significantly indicating positive spatial autocorrelation, which increased from 0.2850 ( p = 0.0210) to 0.3597 ( p = 0.0080). Based on spatial regression analysis, human development index (HDI), physicians density, nurses and midwives density, health center density, percentage of infants lacking immunization for diphtheria and measles, and coverage rate of at least one antenatal visit had negative spatial spillover effects on U5MR. HDI had the strongest negative correlation ( β = −0.0187 to −0.1054, p < 0.0001). Current health expenditure (CHE) per capita had positive spatial spillover effects on U5MR. Conclusion This study revealed the spatiotemporal trend of U5MR in West African countries and spatial spillover effects of health resources and services. Promoting economic development, increasing health human resources, health expenditure, vaccination rate, antenatal care coverage, and the proportion of health professionals attending births not only reduced the local U5MR but also exerted spatial spillover effects on adjacent countries. The West African Health Organization may consider regional spillover mechanisms to develop regional health policy and intervention cooperation mechanisms, which will contribute to achieving the sustainable development goal on U5MR, Africa Agenda 2063, and universal health coverage

Economic growth · Economics · Environmental health · Geography · Global health · Human Development Index · Per capita · Population · Public health · Socioeconomics · Spatial analysis · Spillover effect · Demography · Global Health Care Issues · Global Maternal and Child Health · HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses · Medicine