National Estimates of Exposure to Traumatic Events and PTSD Prevalence Using DSM-IV and DSM-5 Criteria

DSM-5 PTSD Prevalence

Datos Bibliográficos

ID23346100
AutoresDean G Kilpatrick (0000-0002-4722-1084, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston; South Carolina USA, autor de correspondencia), Heidi S Resnick (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston; South Carolina USA), Melissa E Milanak (0000-0002-5269-0301, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston; South Carolina USA), Mark W Miller (0000-0003-0883-5064, National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System; Boston; MA USA), Katherine M Keyes (0000-0002-5624-021X, Department of Epidemiology; Columbia University; New York New York USA), Melvin J Friedman (0000-0002-0497-6890, Dartmouth College), Matthew J Friedman (Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; Hanover New Hampshire USA)
Año2013
Volumen26
Número5
Páginas537-547
Fecha de publicación2013-10-01
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaJournal of Traumatic Stress (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 0894-9867 • E-ISSN: 1573-6598
EditorialWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/jts.21848
PMID24151000
PMCIDPMC4096796
OpenAlexW2132981258
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas213
Referencias citadas22

Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) defined according to the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual fifth edition (DSM-5; 2013) and fourth edition (DSM-IV; 1994) was compared in a national sample of U.S. adults (N = 2,953) recruited from an online panel. Exposure to traumatic events, PTSD symptoms, and functional impairment were assessed online using a highly structured, self-administered survey. Traumatic event exposure using DSM-5 criteria was high (89.7%), and exposure to multiple traumatic event types was the norm. PTSD caseness was determined using Same Event (i.e., all symptom criteria met to the same event type) and Composite Event (i.e., symptom criteria met to a combination of event types) definitions. Lifetime, past-12-month, and past 6-month PTSD prevalence using the Same Event definition for DSM-5 was 8.3%, 4.7%, and 3.8% respectively. All 6 DSM-5 prevalence estimates were slightly lower than their DSM-IV counterparts, although only 2 of these differences were statistically significant. DSM-5 PTSD prevalence was higher among women than among men, and prevalence increased with greater traumatic event exposure. Major reasons individuals met DSM-IV criteria, but not DSM-5 criteria were the exclusion of nonaccidental, nonviolent deaths from Criterion A, and the new requirement of at least 1 active avoidance symptom.

DSM-5 · Posttraumatic stress · Psychiatry · Clinical Psychology · Migration, Health and Trauma · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Psychology · Traumatic Brain Injury Research