The agrarian Indian communities of highland Bolivia, by George McCutchen McBride.

The republic of Bolivia consists of three great natural divisions: the eastern lowland; the long valleys reaching westward into, and, in some cases, beyond the eastern range of the Andes; and the highland plateau, or altiplano, and its bordering ranges.Each of these regions is characterized by distinctive soils, climate, vegetation, products, and human distributions.A varying relation to the soil from region to region is manifested in a cor- responding diversity in systems of agriculture and land tenure. Bolivia an Agricultural CountryHighland Bolivia, consisting of the plateau and of the valleys lying above some 6,000 feet, is distinctly an agricultural country.Though Bolivia is renowned principally for its mineral products -gold, silver, copper, and tin -most of the people are occupied in tilling the soil.According to the last census (1900) 564,009, or 32 per cent, of the inhabitants were engaged in agriculture, whi'e only 399,037 were occupied in "general industries," and but 12,625 m mining. 1 Since the earliest times the people of this region have been farmers.Mining, stock raising, commerce, fishing have been merely incidental.Tilling the ground, irrigating the fields, planting and harvesting their crops have been the occupations about which grew up laws, government, social customs, and religion.The Inca, some centuries before Columbus, found about Lake Titicaca sedentary tribes of Indians, who already for ages had practiced agriculture.He extended over them his rule, making them a part of his empire, Tahuantinsuyo, itself a politico-agrarian institution.

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