Patterns of Disengagement

The Practice and Portrayal of Reclusion in Early Medieval China

Datos Bibliográficos

ID3958836
AutoresCharles Holcombe (0000-0002-5471-7846), Alan J Berkowitz, Alan Berkowitz
Año2002
Volumen122
Número1
Páginas138
Fecha de publicación2002-01-01
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessNo
TipoARTICLE
RevistaJournal of the American Oriental Society (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 0003-0279 • E-ISSN: 2169-2289
EditorialJSTOR (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2307/3087688
OpenAlexW2035451136
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas16

While the customary path to achievement in traditional China was through service to the state, from the earliest times certain individuals had been acclaimed for repudiating an official career. This book traces the formulation and portrayal of the practice of reclusion in China from the earliest times through the sixth century, by which time reclusion had taken on its enduring character. Those who decided to withhold their service to state governance fit the dictum from the Book of Changes of a man who does not serve a king or lord; he elevates in priority his own affairs. This characterization came to serve as a byword of individual and voluntary withdrawal, the image of the man whose lofty resolve could not be humbled for service to a temporal ruler. Men who eschewed official appointments in favor of pursuing their own personal ideals were known by such appellations as hidden men (yinshi), disengaged persons (yimin), high-minded men (gaoshi), and scholars-at-home (chushi). What distinguished these was a particular strength of character that underlay their conduct: they received approbation for maintaining their resolve, their mettle, their integrity, and their moral and personal values in the face of adversity, threat, or temptation. This book reveals that those who opted for a life of reclusion had a variety of motivations for their decisions and conducted widely divergent ways of life. The lives of these epitomize the distinctive nature of substantive reclusion, differentiating them from those of the intelligentsia who, on occasion, voiced their desire for disengagement or for retreat, but who nevertheless found or retained their places in government office. Throughout, the author places the recluse and reclusion within the social, political, intellectual, religious, and literary contexts of the times

Archaeology · China · Disengagement theory · China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance · Chinese history and philosophy · History · Medicine