Capitalism and Social Differentiation

In recent years numerous studies have been conducted in Ecuador with the objective of analyzing changes that have occurred, especially in the last two decades, in the rural social structure. These studies have given rise to a considerable mass of primary empirical material on a diversity of rural situations, and have resulted in the development of interpretive discussions of those changes surrounding the process of the transformation of the hacienda. We shall attempt to relate these results to the theme of rural social differentiation. We shall establish the relationship beginning, first, with a presentation and discussion of the ideas of Lenin and of Chayanov, exponents of opposing theoretical conceptions with respect to the evolution of social relationships in the countryside, and then we briefly review the dominant Ecuadorian interpretations of the processes of social differentiation. Finally, we examine statistical materials from the parish of San Gabriel in the province of Carchi, which we use to outline the processes that have affected peasant holdings, suggesting interpretations that lend specificity to our general notions of rural differentiation. With these notes we hope to call attention to certain important themes (such as the evolution of the peasant family) for the analysis of the processes of peasant social mobility, often underestimated in studies of capitalist rural development that emphasize strictly economic aspects of the process

Capitalism · Differentiation · Diversity (politics) · Economic geography · Economic growth · Economics · Geography · Peasant · Political science · Politics · Positive economics · Presentation (obstetrics) · Rural area · Social change · Social science · Sociology · Theme (computing) · Anthropology · Latin American rural development · Latin American socio-political dynamics · Law

• Government Policy Biases and Ecuadorian Agricultural Change

  Violet Lawson, Victoria A Lawson•Annals of the Association of…•1988

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• Ecuador y México

  Open Access•Betty Espinosa, Alma Amalia González Cabañas et al.•Revista iberoamericana de…•2025

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• Work force fragmentation in Latin America and its empirical manifestations in Ecuador

  Open Access•Violet Lawson, Victoria A Lawson•World Development•1990

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• Employment versus empowerment

  Anne H Faulkner, Violet Lawson et al.•The Journal of Development Studies•1991

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• The Road of Many Returns

  Open Access•William F Waters•Latin American Perspectives•1997

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• Differentiation and survival among North Carolina smallholders

  Michael D Schulman, Michale Schulman et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•1989

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• Land Concentration and Rural Poverty

  J A Hellen•International Affairs•1976

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• Land Concentration and Rural Poverty

  Eric Clayton, E S Clayton et al.•The Economic Journal•1976

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• The Awkward Class. Political Sociology of Peasantry in a Developing Society. Russia 1910-1925

  Malcolm Falkus, M E Falkus et al.•The Economic Journal•1972

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• The journey of my brother Alexei to the land of peasant Utopia

  Ivan Kremnev•The Journal of Peasant Studies•1976

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• Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective

  A J H Latham, Gavin Kitching•The Economic History Review•1983

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• Neo-populism and Marxism

  Utsa Patnaik•The Journal of Peasant Studies•1979

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