Prototypes in the courtroom
Lay representations of legal concepts
Datos Bibliográficos
| ID | 6204537 |
|---|---|
| Autores | Vicki L Smith (Northwestern University, autor de correspondencia) |
| Año | 1991 |
| Volumen | 61 |
| Número | 6 |
| Páginas | 857-872 |
| Fecha de publicación | 1991-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Sí |
| Open Access | No |
| Tipo | ARTICLE |
| Revista | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Identificadores de la revista | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Editorial | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.61.6.857 |
| OpenAlex | W2064924750 |
| Idioma | EN |
| Citas recibidas | 34 |
| Referencias citadas | 26 |
To select a verdict, jurors must integrate the evidence presented at trial with the law presented in the judge's instructions. Jurors are assumed to have no prior knowledge of the law or to set aside that knowledge after instruction. Several experiments tested these assumptions and revealed that (a) uninstructed Ss had built naive representations of crime categories that included legally incorrect information; (b) these representations contained category prototypes that influenced Ss' verdict choices; and (c) Ss' reliance on prototype information for verdict selection was resistant to change by instruction
Legal psychology · Artificial Intelligence in Law · Jury Decision Making Processes · Law in Society and Culture · Psychology · Social Psychology
Juror perceptions of female-female sexual harassment
What social science teaches us about the jury instruction process
Describing jurors' personal conceptions of insanity and their relationship to case judgments
Commonsense rape judgments
When mistakes happen
Commonsense justice, psychology, and the law
A ceiling or consistency effect for the comprehension of jury instructions
Instructing on death
Scientific jury selection.
Emotions and culpability
Être désigné juré d’assises
How Do People Come to Judge What Is “Reasonable”? Effects of Legal and Sociological Systems on Human Psychology
Race salience and attorney statements
Reconsidering commonsense consent
Brain imaging and courtroom evidence
Commonsense judgments of infanticide
Commonsense notions of unfairness in Japan and the United States
The Impact of Complainant Sexual History Evidence on Jurors' Decisions
Evidence coverage and argument skills
Does Ambivalent Sexism Influence Verdicts for Heterosexual and Homosexual Defendants in a Self-Defense Case
Decisions to Prosecute Battered Women’s Homicide Cases
The impact of schemas on decision-making in cases involving allegations of sexual violence
Cognitive Bases for Effective Participation in Democratic Institutions
Legal concepts and legal expertise
Graded Structure in Sexual Definitions
Does personality influence reactions to judicial instructions? Some preliminary findings and possible implications
Understanding the limits of limiting instructions
Guided jury discretion in capital murder cases
Commonsense justice and jury instructions
Juror comprehension and public policy
"The conflict between precision and flexibility in explaining "beyond a reasonable doubt
But it's not fair! Commonsense notions of unfairness
Recidivism, Proportionalism, and Individualized Punishment
Chivalry and the Moderating Effect of Ambivalent Sexism
Utility, Probability, and Human Decision Making
Human Judgment and Decision Processes in Applied Settings
Genesis of popular but erroneous psychodiagnostic observations.
Category norms of verbal items in 56 categories A replication and extension of the Connecticut category norms.
Semantic distance and the verification of semantic relations
A prototype analysis of psychological situations
Cognitive representations of semantic categories.
The act frequency approach to personality.
On the Internal Structure of Perceptual and Semantic Categories11this Research Was Supported in Part by a Grant to the Author (Under Her Former Name, Eleanor Rosch Heider) From the Foundations Fund for Research in Psychiatry # G67-392, in Part by Funds Made Available to the Child Study Center of Brown University From the Grant Foundation and From the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Collaborative Project (Ph-43-68-13), and in Part by Research Funds Made Available by the University of California at Berkeley (220 Grant #K9pf-429). I Wish to Thank Karl G. Heider for His Help in the Field in West Irian (Indonesian New Guinea), Dr. Robert Olton for Assistance in Carrying Out Experiment 3, and Keith Burton, Randy Street, and Peter Lewitt Who Assisted With Experiment 4. Experiment 4 Was Performed With Dr. Richard Millward While the Author Was a Research Associate at Brown University.
Judgment under Uncertainty
Family resemblances
Pygmalion in the classroom
The Warm‐cold Variable in First Impressions of Persons
An integration theory analysis of jurors' presumptions of guilt or innocence
Rhetorical transformation of evidence in criminal trials
Storytelling in criminal trials
Categories and Concepts
Social perception and interpersonal behavior
Attitude prototypes as determinants of attitude–behavior consistency
Biased assimilation and attitude polarization
Inferring category attributes from exemplar attributes
On the requirements of proof
Evidence evaluation in complex decision making
Juror decision-making models
Formal and Empirical Research on Cascaded Inference in Jurisprudence
Improving the Ability of Jurors to Comprehend and Apply Criminal Jury Instructions
| Obras citantes distintas | 34 |
|---|---|
| Citas por año | 1,03 |
| Intervalo de citas | 1993 - 2025 (33) |
| Velocidad de citación | recent |
| Altamente citado | No |
| Tipos de cita | Neutras: 26 |