Incorporating the Present-on-Admission Indicator to Predict In-hospital Mortality Through Elixhauser Measures
A Medicare Data Analysis
Datos Bibliográficos
BACKGROUND: In 2021, the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) updated its guidelines for using the Present-on-Admission (POA) indicator in the Elixhauser comorbidity index. This update helps distinguish pre-existing comorbidities from complications that arise after hospital admission, improving the validity of hospital performance assessments and more accurately measuring patients' severity of illness upon admission. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in comorbidity prevalence and the predictive performance of the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index for in-hospital mortality at admission under 3 comorbidity coding guidelines, including one that ignores the POA indicator. RESEARCH DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of inpatient administrative data on Medicare beneficiaries. SUBJECTS: The dataset included 1,810,106 adult Medicare inpatient admissions across 6 U.S. states between 2017 and 2019. METHODS: Elastic net models were applied to predict in-hospital mortality using 3 approaches to coding comorbidities: (1) No-POA (including all conditions as admission comorbidities), (2) Full-POA (including only POA conditions as comorbidities), and (3) the 2021 AHRQ Partial-POA (applying POA to a subset of conditions to code comorbidities). Results: C-statistics were 0.800 (0.797-0.804), 0.768 (0.763-0.771), and 0.786 (0.781-0.790) for No-POA, full-POA, and 2021 AHRQ partial-POA guidelines, respectively. CONCLUSION: Ignoring the POA inflated model performance by misclassifying complications as admission comorbidities. The 2021 Partial-POA guidelines achieved intermediate C-statistics while ensuring internal validity by accurately measuring illness severity at admission. This supports improved hospital evaluations, care quality, resource allocation, tailored intervention, and reimbursement. The elastic net model shows promise as a standard for predicting in-hospital mortality with the Elixhauser comorbidity measure
Statistics · Chronic Disease Management Strategies · Emergency Medicine · Mathematics · Medicine · Primary Care and Health Outcomes · Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Regularization and Variable Selection Via the Elastic Net
Cross-Validatory Choice and Assessment of Statistical Predictions
Coding Algorithms for Defining Comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 Administrative Data
Comorbidity Measures for Use with Administrative Data
Comparison of the Elixhauser and Charlson/Deyo Methods of Comorbidity Measurement in Administrative Data
A Modification of the Elixhauser Comorbidity Measures Into a Point System for Hospital Death Using Administrative Data
A New Elixhauser-based Comorbidity Summary Measure to Predict In-Hospital Mortality
| Velocidad de citación | historical |
|---|---|
| Altamente citado | No |