Greg Guest
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 100117 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Greg Guest |
| PRENOMES | Greg |
| SOBRENOME | Guest |
| ASSINATURA | GUEST G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Family Health International 360 |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 2118 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
How does qualitative data collection modality affect disclosure of sensitive information and participant experience? Findings from a quasi-experimental study
Focus groups (FGs) and individual interviews (IDIs) can be conducted in-person or in several different online contexts. We conducted a quasi-experimental study and assessed sharing of sensitive or dissenting information and participant comfort in FGs and IDIs across four modalities: (1) in-person, (2) online video-based, (3) online chat-based (synchronous), and (4) online email/message board-based (asynchronous). Participants were systematically …
Teaching Ethnographic Methods
Ethnography is a core methodology in anthropology and other disciplines. Yet, there is currently no scholarly consensus on how to teach ethnographic methods—or even what methods belong in the ethnographic toolkit. We report on a systematic analysis of syllabi to gauge how ethnographic methods are taught in the United States. We analyze 107 methods syllabi from a nationally elicited sample of university faculty who teach ethnography. Systematic co…
Acceptability of a HIV self-testing program among people who use illicit drugs
Study participants found HIVST to be acceptable and very easy to use. The multivariate findings suggest HIVST interventions should be packaged with PrEP interventions and harm reduction programs
How Does Mode of Qualitative Data Collection Affect Data and Cost? Findings from a Quasi-experimental Study
Internet-based platforms are increasingly used to collect qualitative data. We conducted a quasi-experimental study to explore whether data collection mode affects data content and data collection costs. Participants ( N = 171) were assigned systematically to one of four modes-(1) in-person (control), (2) online video-based, (3) online chat-based, (4) online e-mail/message board-based-and randomized to individual interview (IDI) or focus group (F…
Comparing focus groups and individual interviews
Qualitative researchers often have to decide whether to collect data using focus groups or individual interviews. We systematically compare these two methods on their ability to generate two types of information: unique items in a brainstorming task and personally sensitive disclosures. Our study sample consisted of 350 African-American men living in Durham, North Carolina. Participants were randomized into either a focus group arm or individual …
How Many Focus Groups Are Enough? Building an Evidence Base for Nonprobability Sample Sizes
Few empirical studies exist to guide researchers in determining the number of focus groups necessary for a research study. The analyses described here provide foundational evidence to help researchers in this regard. We conducted a thematic analysis of 40 focus groups on health-seeking behaviors of African American men in Durham, North Carolina. Our analyses revealed that more than 80% of all themes were discoverable within two to three focus gro…
When and why women might suspend PrEP use according to perceived seasons of risk
Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using the antiretroviral drug emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Truvada) has been shown to dramatically reduce the risk of HIV acquisition for women at higher risk of infection if taken daily. Understanding when and why women would intentionally stop using an efficacious oral PrEP drug within the context of their 'normal' daily lives is essential for delivering effective PrEP risk-reduction counsell…
Evaluating Bang for the Buck
Evaluators often use qualitative research methods, yet there is little evidence on the comparative cost-effectiveness of the two most commonly employed qualitative methods—in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus groups (FGs). We performed an inductive thematic analysis of data from 40 IDIs and 40 FGs on the health-seeking behaviors of African American men ( N = 350) in Durham, North Carolina. We used a bootstrap simulation to generate 10,000 random …
The role of relationship types on condom use among urban men with concurrent partners in Ghana and Tanzania
Multiple concurrent partnerships are hypothesized to be important drivers of HIV transmission. Despite the demonstrated importance of relationship type (i.e., wife, girlfriend, casual partner, sex worker) on condom use, research on concurrency has not examined how different combinations of relationship types might affect condom use. We address this gap, using survey data from a sample of men from Ghana (GH: n = 807) and Tanzania (TZ: n = 800) who…
On the road again
Long-distance truck drivers have been shown to be a critical population in the spread of HIV in Africa. In 2009, surveys with 385 Ugandan long-distance truck drivers measured concurrency point prevalence with two methods; it ranged from 37.4% (calendar-method) to 50.1% (direct question). The majority (84%) of relationships reported were long-term resulting in a long duration of overlap (average of 58 months) across concurrent partnerships. Only 7…
Collecting Qualitative Data
Chapter 1. Qualitative Research: Defining and Designing Chapter 2. Sampling Chapter 3. Participant Observation Chapter 4. In-Depth Interviews Chapter 5. Focus Groups Chapter 6. Additional Qualitative Data Collection Methods Chapter 7. Qualitative Data Management Chapter 8. Ethical Dimensions of Qualitative Research
Using the Inequitable Gender Norms Scale and Associated HIV Risk Behaviors among Men at High Risk for HIV in Ghana and Tanzania
Context:Gender norms influence unintended pregnancy, maternal health, HIV/AIDS infection, and act as barriers to reproductive health services. The Gender Equitable Men (GEM) scale has been used widely in programs and research in African settings, but it has yet to be statistically validated.Method:We examined the internal and external validity of the Inequitable Gender Norms (IGN) subscale of the GEM scale in Tanzania and Ghana using a two-step, …
Applied Thematic Analysis
Describing Mixed Methods Research
Scholars have created a variety of typologies to describe and simplify mixed methods research designs. In this article, I review the rationale for using these typologies and discuss some shortcomings of the existing methods of classification. I argue that current systems of classification, although useful for simple and less fluid types of mixed methods research, are not capable of capturing the complexity and iterative nature of larger, more int…
Encouraging Contraceptive Uptake by Motivating Men to Communicate About Family Planning
Objectives. We examined the effect of a peer-delivered educational intervention, the Malawi Male Motivator intervention, on couples’ contraceptive uptake. We based the intervention design on the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model. Methods. In 2008 we recruited 400 men from Malawi's Mangochi province who reported not using any method of contraception. We randomized them into an intervention arm and a control arm, and administered…
Talking about sex in Botswana
Evaluations of the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of HIV prevention interventions rely on self-reported sexual behaviour data. The accuracy of such data has sometimes been questioned. The absence of a so-called objective measure of sexual behaviour complicates this. Social desirability bias (SDB) is a key factor affecting the accuracy of self-reports. Individual, semi-structured interviews focusing on possible causes of and solutions to S…
How Many Interviews Are Enough
Guidelines for determining nonprobabilistic sample sizes are virtually nonexistent. Purposive samples are the most commonly used form of nonprobabilistic sampling, and their size typically relies on the concept of "saturation," or the point at which no new information or themes are observed in the data. Although the idea of saturation is helpful at the conceptual level, it provides little practical guidance for estimating sample sizes, prior to d…
HIV vaccine efficacy trial participation
Qualitative interviews were conducted with 35 men who have sex with men, enrolled in the world's first phase III HIV vaccine efficacy trial at five US sites, regarding their risk reduction counselling experiences and their perceptions of its impact on risk behaviour. Respondents ranged in age from 20 to 58 years and were predominately white (71.4%) in racial/ethnic origin. Systematic qualitative analysis revealed that a positive counselling exper…
A Framework for Examining the Sustained Acceptability of Microbicides
Fishing Behavior and Decision-Making in an Ecuadorian Community
Distinguishing the Trees from the Forest
Qualitative data analysis requires organizing and synthesizing often large quantities of text. In many cases, this analysis entails negotiating the interplay between raw data, semantic themes or codes, and the overarching conceptual framework. In this article, the authors use a case study, which examines HIV vaccine efficacy trial participants' discourse, to demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used to aid in the analysis of large qualitative …
Market Integration and the Distribution of Ecological Knowledge within an Ecuadorian Fishing Community
Scholars typically depict traditional ecological knowledge as a vanishing resource, negatively correlated with the capitalization of a community. The default view also tends to conceptualize such knowledge as one cohesive system, unitarily responsive to external forces. Using data from an artisanal shrimping community in Ecuador, this paper argues that current views are not sufficient to capture the complexity of socially distributed knowledge an…
Anthropology in the Technology Industry
Using Guttman Scaling to Rank Wealth
Wealth ranking in given field sites can be problematic for a number of reasons. This article explores the usefulness of Guttman Scaling and AnthroPac software in such contexts, using a small fishing community on the northern coast of Ecuador as an example. The author provides a step-by-step description of procedures for implementing and analyzing Guttman Scale methodology and discusses the issue of construct validity. The complementary relationsh…
Global Vision and Local Lives
How Many Interviews Are Enough
Guidelines for determining nonprobabilistic sample sizes are virtually nonexistent. Purposive samples are the most commonly used form of nonprobabilistic sampling, and their size typically relies on the concept of "saturation," or the point at which no new information or themes are observed in the data. Although the idea of saturation is helpful at the conceptual level, it provides little practical guidance for estimating sample sizes, prior to d…
How Many Focus Groups Are Enough? Building an Evidence Base for Nonprobability Sample Sizes
Few empirical studies exist to guide researchers in determining the number of focus groups necessary for a research study. The analyses described here provide foundational evidence to help researchers in this regard. We conducted a thematic analysis of 40 focus groups on health-seeking behaviors of African American men in Durham, North Carolina. Our analyses revealed that more than 80% of all themes were discoverable within two to three focus gro…
Comparing focus groups and individual interviews
Qualitative researchers often have to decide whether to collect data using focus groups or individual interviews. We systematically compare these two methods on their ability to generate two types of information: unique items in a brainstorming task and personally sensitive disclosures. Our study sample consisted of 350 African-American men living in Durham, North Carolina. Participants were randomized into either a focus group arm or individual …
Evaluating Bang for the Buck
Evaluators often use qualitative research methods, yet there is little evidence on the comparative cost-effectiveness of the two most commonly employed qualitative methods—in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus groups (FGs). We performed an inductive thematic analysis of data from 40 IDIs and 40 FGs on the health-seeking behaviors of African American men ( N = 350) in Durham, North Carolina. We used a bootstrap simulation to generate 10,000 random …
Describing Mixed Methods Research
Scholars have created a variety of typologies to describe and simplify mixed methods research designs. In this article, I review the rationale for using these typologies and discuss some shortcomings of the existing methods of classification. I argue that current systems of classification, although useful for simple and less fluid types of mixed methods research, are not capable of capturing the complexity and iterative nature of larger, more int…
Market Integration and the Distribution of Ecological Knowledge within an Ecuadorian Fishing Community
Scholars typically depict traditional ecological knowledge as a vanishing resource, negatively correlated with the capitalization of a community. The default view also tends to conceptualize such knowledge as one cohesive system, unitarily responsive to external forces. Using data from an artisanal shrimping community in Ecuador, this paper argues that current views are not sufficient to capture the complexity of socially distributed knowledge an…
Encouraging Contraceptive Uptake by Motivating Men to Communicate About Family Planning
Objectives. We examined the effect of a peer-delivered educational intervention, the Malawi Male Motivator intervention, on couples’ contraceptive uptake. We based the intervention design on the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model. Methods. In 2008 we recruited 400 men from Malawi's Mangochi province who reported not using any method of contraception. We randomized them into an intervention arm and a control arm, and administered…
How Does Mode of Qualitative Data Collection Affect Data and Cost? Findings from a Quasi-experimental Study
Internet-based platforms are increasingly used to collect qualitative data. We conducted a quasi-experimental study to explore whether data collection mode affects data content and data collection costs. Participants ( N = 171) were assigned systematically to one of four modes-(1) in-person (control), (2) online video-based, (3) online chat-based, (4) online e-mail/message board-based-and randomized to individual interview (IDI) or focus group (F…
Distinguishing the Trees from the Forest
Qualitative data analysis requires organizing and synthesizing often large quantities of text. In many cases, this analysis entails negotiating the interplay between raw data, semantic themes or codes, and the overarching conceptual framework. In this article, the authors use a case study, which examines HIV vaccine efficacy trial participants' discourse, to demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used to aid in the analysis of large qualitative …
Using Guttman Scaling to Rank Wealth
Wealth ranking in given field sites can be problematic for a number of reasons. This article explores the usefulness of Guttman Scaling and AnthroPac software in such contexts, using a small fishing community on the northern coast of Ecuador as an example. The author provides a step-by-step description of procedures for implementing and analyzing Guttman Scale methodology and discusses the issue of construct validity. The complementary relationsh…
Fishing Behavior and Decision-Making in an Ecuadorian Community
Using the Inequitable Gender Norms Scale and Associated HIV Risk Behaviors among Men at High Risk for HIV in Ghana and Tanzania
Context:Gender norms influence unintended pregnancy, maternal health, HIV/AIDS infection, and act as barriers to reproductive health services. The Gender Equitable Men (GEM) scale has been used widely in programs and research in African settings, but it has yet to be statistically validated.Method:We examined the internal and external validity of the Inequitable Gender Norms (IGN) subscale of the GEM scale in Tanzania and Ghana using a two-step, …
Global Vision and Local Lives
Striking a Balance
Striking a Balance: Improving Stewardship of Marine Areas National Research Council Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1997. 177 pp. The result of a 1993 National Marine Board forum, Striking a Balance is a research report which documents the findings of three in-depth case studies conducted in the US, under the auspices of the National Research Council. The 15-member committee (whose biographical sketches are provided in an appendix), which…
Using Guttman Scaling to Rank Wealth
Wealth ranking in given field sites can be problematic for a number of reasons. This article explores the usefulness of Guttman Scaling and AnthroPac software in such contexts, using a small fishing community on the northern coast of Ecuador as an example. The author provides a step-by-step description of procedures for implementing and analyzing Guttman Scale methodology and discusses the issue of construct validity. The complementary relationsh…
Anthropology in the Technology Industry
Market Integration and the Distribution of Ecological Knowledge within an Ecuadorian Fishing Community
Scholars typically depict traditional ecological knowledge as a vanishing resource, negatively correlated with the capitalization of a community. The default view also tends to conceptualize such knowledge as one cohesive system, unitarily responsive to external forces. Using data from an artisanal shrimping community in Ecuador, this paper argues that current views are not sufficient to capture the complexity of socially distributed knowledge an…
Fishing Behavior and Decision-Making in an Ecuadorian Community
Distinguishing the Trees from the Forest
Qualitative data analysis requires organizing and synthesizing often large quantities of text. In many cases, this analysis entails negotiating the interplay between raw data, semantic themes or codes, and the overarching conceptual framework. In this article, the authors use a case study, which examines HIV vaccine efficacy trial participants' discourse, to demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used to aid in the analysis of large qualitative …
HIV vaccine efficacy trial participation
Qualitative interviews were conducted with 35 men who have sex with men, enrolled in the world's first phase III HIV vaccine efficacy trial at five US sites, regarding their risk reduction counselling experiences and their perceptions of its impact on risk behaviour. Respondents ranged in age from 20 to 58 years and were predominately white (71.4%) in racial/ethnic origin. Systematic qualitative analysis revealed that a positive counselling exper…
A Framework for Examining the Sustained Acceptability of Microbicides
Talking about sex in Botswana
Evaluations of the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of HIV prevention interventions rely on self-reported sexual behaviour data. The accuracy of such data has sometimes been questioned. The absence of a so-called objective measure of sexual behaviour complicates this. Social desirability bias (SDB) is a key factor affecting the accuracy of self-reports. Individual, semi-structured interviews focusing on possible causes of and solutions to S…
How Many Interviews Are Enough
Guidelines for determining nonprobabilistic sample sizes are virtually nonexistent. Purposive samples are the most commonly used form of nonprobabilistic sampling, and their size typically relies on the concept of "saturation," or the point at which no new information or themes are observed in the data. Although the idea of saturation is helpful at the conceptual level, it provides little practical guidance for estimating sample sizes, prior to d…
Encouraging Contraceptive Uptake by Motivating Men to Communicate About Family Planning
Objectives. We examined the effect of a peer-delivered educational intervention, the Malawi Male Motivator intervention, on couples’ contraceptive uptake. We based the intervention design on the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model. Methods. In 2008 we recruited 400 men from Malawi's Mangochi province who reported not using any method of contraception. We randomized them into an intervention arm and a control arm, and administered…
Applied Thematic Analysis
Describing Mixed Methods Research
Scholars have created a variety of typologies to describe and simplify mixed methods research designs. In this article, I review the rationale for using these typologies and discuss some shortcomings of the existing methods of classification. I argue that current systems of classification, although useful for simple and less fluid types of mixed methods research, are not capable of capturing the complexity and iterative nature of larger, more int…
Collecting Qualitative Data
Chapter 1. Qualitative Research: Defining and Designing Chapter 2. Sampling Chapter 3. Participant Observation Chapter 4. In-Depth Interviews Chapter 5. Focus Groups Chapter 6. Additional Qualitative Data Collection Methods Chapter 7. Qualitative Data Management Chapter 8. Ethical Dimensions of Qualitative Research
Using the Inequitable Gender Norms Scale and Associated HIV Risk Behaviors among Men at High Risk for HIV in Ghana and Tanzania
Context:Gender norms influence unintended pregnancy, maternal health, HIV/AIDS infection, and act as barriers to reproductive health services. The Gender Equitable Men (GEM) scale has been used widely in programs and research in African settings, but it has yet to be statistically validated.Method:We examined the internal and external validity of the Inequitable Gender Norms (IGN) subscale of the GEM scale in Tanzania and Ghana using a two-step, …
The role of relationship types on condom use among urban men with concurrent partners in Ghana and Tanzania
Multiple concurrent partnerships are hypothesized to be important drivers of HIV transmission. Despite the demonstrated importance of relationship type (i.e., wife, girlfriend, casual partner, sex worker) on condom use, research on concurrency has not examined how different combinations of relationship types might affect condom use. We address this gap, using survey data from a sample of men from Ghana (GH: n = 807) and Tanzania (TZ: n = 800) who…
On the road again
Long-distance truck drivers have been shown to be a critical population in the spread of HIV in Africa. In 2009, surveys with 385 Ugandan long-distance truck drivers measured concurrency point prevalence with two methods; it ranged from 37.4% (calendar-method) to 50.1% (direct question). The majority (84%) of relationships reported were long-term resulting in a long duration of overlap (average of 58 months) across concurrent partnerships. Only 7…
When and why women might suspend PrEP use according to perceived seasons of risk
Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using the antiretroviral drug emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Truvada) has been shown to dramatically reduce the risk of HIV acquisition for women at higher risk of infection if taken daily. Understanding when and why women would intentionally stop using an efficacious oral PrEP drug within the context of their 'normal' daily lives is essential for delivering effective PrEP risk-reduction counsell…
Evaluating Bang for the Buck
Evaluators often use qualitative research methods, yet there is little evidence on the comparative cost-effectiveness of the two most commonly employed qualitative methods—in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus groups (FGs). We performed an inductive thematic analysis of data from 40 IDIs and 40 FGs on the health-seeking behaviors of African American men ( N = 350) in Durham, North Carolina. We used a bootstrap simulation to generate 10,000 random …
Comparing focus groups and individual interviews
Qualitative researchers often have to decide whether to collect data using focus groups or individual interviews. We systematically compare these two methods on their ability to generate two types of information: unique items in a brainstorming task and personally sensitive disclosures. Our study sample consisted of 350 African-American men living in Durham, North Carolina. Participants were randomized into either a focus group arm or individual …
How Many Focus Groups Are Enough? Building an Evidence Base for Nonprobability Sample Sizes
Few empirical studies exist to guide researchers in determining the number of focus groups necessary for a research study. The analyses described here provide foundational evidence to help researchers in this regard. We conducted a thematic analysis of 40 focus groups on health-seeking behaviors of African American men in Durham, North Carolina. Our analyses revealed that more than 80% of all themes were discoverable within two to three focus gro…
How Does Mode of Qualitative Data Collection Affect Data and Cost? Findings from a Quasi-experimental Study
Internet-based platforms are increasingly used to collect qualitative data. We conducted a quasi-experimental study to explore whether data collection mode affects data content and data collection costs. Participants ( N = 171) were assigned systematically to one of four modes-(1) in-person (control), (2) online video-based, (3) online chat-based, (4) online e-mail/message board-based-and randomized to individual interview (IDI) or focus group (F…
How does qualitative data collection modality affect disclosure of sensitive information and participant experience? Findings from a quasi-experimental study
Focus groups (FGs) and individual interviews (IDIs) can be conducted in-person or in several different online contexts. We conducted a quasi-experimental study and assessed sharing of sensitive or dissenting information and participant comfort in FGs and IDIs across four modalities: (1) in-person, (2) online video-based, (3) online chat-based (synchronous), and (4) online email/message board-based (asynchronous). Participants were systematically …
Teaching Ethnographic Methods
Ethnography is a core methodology in anthropology and other disciplines. Yet, there is currently no scholarly consensus on how to teach ethnographic methods—or even what methods belong in the ethnographic toolkit. We report on a systematic analysis of syllabi to gauge how ethnographic methods are taught in the United States. We analyze 107 methods syllabi from a nationally elicited sample of university faculty who teach ethnography. Systematic co…
Computer Science (15 obras) · Psychology (14 obras) · Sociology (12 obras) · Medicine (11 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (8 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (8 obras) · Qualitative research (8 obras) · Family medicine (6 obras) · Focus Groups and Qualitative Methods (6 obras) · Qualitative property (6 obras)