Fiona Woollard
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1002410 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Fiona Woollard |
| PRENOMES | Fiona |
| SOBRENOME | Woollard |
| ASSINATURA | WOOLLARD F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Southampton |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5144-3379 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 15 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 5 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 15 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2009 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
First-Person Authority over Gender
Suppose I say, “I am a woman.” Many people agree that in almost all cases, it is wrong in some way to challenge this claim because I have some kind of first-person authority over my own gender. Being able to recognize this first-person authority is a key desideratum for accounts of how gender claims function in trans-inclusive contexts. However, there is disagreement about exactly what kind of first-person authority needs to be recognized. Talia …
Can You Do Harm to Your Fetus? Pregnancy, Barriers, and the Doing/Allowing Distinction
When pregnant persons do not behave in the way deemed optimal for their fetus, they are often framed as doing harm. This framing acts as a justificatory bypass for defenses of widespread expectations of pregnant persons, allowing such defenses to avoid substantial questions about special obligations in pregnancy. Our main claim is that this justificatory bypass is unwarranted: in many cases either the pregnant person does not count as doing harm …
Caring for Everyone
We advance a novel approach to gender inclusive language, showing how it can be used in perinatal and postnatal care. Existing attempts to use language inclusive of trans and non-binary parents have faced objections, prompting calls to use trans-exclusionary “sexed” language as a default (Gribble et al. 2022). We show that these objections attach only to some unsatisfactory attempts at inclusive language. We articulate the moral and communicative…
Responses to alcohol and pregnancy policy pilot
The Responses to Alcohol and Pregnancy Policy (RAPP) Project is a pilot study which seeks to address an evidence gap on midwives’ practice and views on mandatory recording of alcohol use during pregnancy, and transfer of this information to the child health record. The study aims to inform development of UK policy on the risks associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The study sampled the views…
The New Trolley Problem
Discussion of the ethics of driverless cars has often focused on supposed real‐life versions of the famous trolley problem. In these cases, a driverless car is in a position where crashing is unavoidable and all possible crashes risk harm: for example, it can either continue on its current path and crash into five pedestrians or swerve and crash into one pedestrian. There are significant disanalogies between the human versions of the trolley prob…
‘Utilitarianism for animals
It is tempting to think that zebras, goats, lions, and similar animals matter morally, but not in quite the same way people do. This might lead us to adopt a hybrid view of animal ethics such as ‘Utilitarianism for Animals; Deontology for People’. One of the core commitments of deontology is the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing (DDA): the view that doing harm is harder to justify than allowing harm. I explore how this core tenant of deontology appl…
Your Mother Should Know
An important strand in the debate on abortion focuses on the moral status of fetuses. Knowledge of the moral value of fetuses is needed to assess fetuses' moral status. As Errol Lord argues, acquaintance plays a key role in moral and aesthetic knowledge. Many pregnant persons have acquaintance with their fetus that provides privileged access to knowledge about that fetus' moral value. This knowledge is (1) very difficult to acquire without being …
Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, disasters, demandingness, and arbitrary distinctions
According to Brad Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, as well as ordinary moral prohibitions against lying, stealing, killing, and harming others, the optimific code will include an over‐riding “prevent disaster clause”. This paper explores two issues related to the disaster clause. The first issue is whether the disaster clause is vague—and whether this is a problem for rule‐consequentialism. I argue that on Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, there wil…
Mother Knows Best
L.A. Paul argues that interesting issues for rational choice theory are raised by epistemically transformative experiences: experiences which provide access to knowledge that could not be known without the experience. Consideration of the epistemic effects of pregnancy has important implications for our understanding of epistemically transformative experiences and for debate about the ethics of abortion and applied ethics more generally. Pregnanc…
Barry and Øverland on doing, allowing, and enabling harm
In Responding to Global Poverty: Harm, Responsibility, and Agency, Christian Barry and Gerhard Øverland address the two types of argument that have dominated discussion of the responsibilities of the affluent to respond to global poverty. The second type of argument appeals to ‘contribution-based responsibilities’: the affluent have a duty to do something about the plight of the global poor because they have contributed to that plight. Barry and …
Motherhood and Mistakes about Defeasible Duties to Benefit
Discussion of the behaviour of pregnant women and mothers, in academic literature, medical advice given to mothers, mainstream media and social media, assumes that a mother who fails to do something to benefit her child is liable for moral criticism unless she can provide sufficient countervailing considerations to justify her decision. I reconstruct the normally implicit reasoning that leads to this assumption and show that it is mistaken. First…
Have We Solved the Non-Identity Problem?
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing II
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the second of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the moral status of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I look at objections to the doctrine such as James Rachels' …
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing I
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the first of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the analysis of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I explore some of the most prominent attempts to analyse this dis…
The Reflective Life
In The Reflective Life, Valerie Tiberius, like so many before her, considers the question ‘How should I live?’. Tiberius' answer is addressed firmly to the first‐person point of view. Thus, rather than attempting to characterize a good life for a human being and concluding that we should pursue a life fitting this characterization, Tiberius focuses on the process of trying to lead a good life. Trying to lead a good life involves trying to lead a …
Barry and Øverland on doing, allowing, and enabling harm
In Responding to Global Poverty: Harm, Responsibility, and Agency, Christian Barry and Gerhard Øverland address the two types of argument that have dominated discussion of the responsibilities of the affluent to respond to global poverty. The second type of argument appeals to ‘contribution-based responsibilities’: the affluent have a duty to do something about the plight of the global poor because they have contributed to that plight. Barry and …
Caring for Everyone
We advance a novel approach to gender inclusive language, showing how it can be used in perinatal and postnatal care. Existing attempts to use language inclusive of trans and non-binary parents have faced objections, prompting calls to use trans-exclusionary “sexed” language as a default (Gribble et al. 2022). We show that these objections attach only to some unsatisfactory attempts at inclusive language. We articulate the moral and communicative…
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing II
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the second of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the moral status of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I look at objections to the doctrine such as James Rachels' …
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing I
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the first of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the analysis of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I explore some of the most prominent attempts to analyse this dis…
The Reflective Life
In The Reflective Life, Valerie Tiberius, like so many before her, considers the question ‘How should I live?’. Tiberius' answer is addressed firmly to the first‐person point of view. Thus, rather than attempting to characterize a good life for a human being and concluding that we should pursue a life fitting this characterization, Tiberius focuses on the process of trying to lead a good life. Trying to lead a good life involves trying to lead a …
Have We Solved the Non-Identity Problem?
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing II
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the second of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the moral status of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I look at objections to the doctrine such as James Rachels' …
The Doctrine of Doing and Allowing I
According to the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing, the distinction between doing and allowing harm is morally significant. Doing harm is harder to justify than merely allowing harm. This paper is the first of a two paper critical overview of the literature on the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing. In this paper, I consider the analysis of the distinction between doing and allowing harm. I explore some of the most prominent attempts to analyse this dis…
Motherhood and Mistakes about Defeasible Duties to Benefit
Discussion of the behaviour of pregnant women and mothers, in academic literature, medical advice given to mothers, mainstream media and social media, assumes that a mother who fails to do something to benefit her child is liable for moral criticism unless she can provide sufficient countervailing considerations to justify her decision. I reconstruct the normally implicit reasoning that leads to this assumption and show that it is mistaken. First…
Barry and Øverland on doing, allowing, and enabling harm
In Responding to Global Poverty: Harm, Responsibility, and Agency, Christian Barry and Gerhard Øverland address the two types of argument that have dominated discussion of the responsibilities of the affluent to respond to global poverty. The second type of argument appeals to ‘contribution-based responsibilities’: the affluent have a duty to do something about the plight of the global poor because they have contributed to that plight. Barry and …
Mother Knows Best
L.A. Paul argues that interesting issues for rational choice theory are raised by epistemically transformative experiences: experiences which provide access to knowledge that could not be known without the experience. Consideration of the epistemic effects of pregnancy has important implications for our understanding of epistemically transformative experiences and for debate about the ethics of abortion and applied ethics more generally. Pregnanc…
Your Mother Should Know
An important strand in the debate on abortion focuses on the moral status of fetuses. Knowledge of the moral value of fetuses is needed to assess fetuses' moral status. As Errol Lord argues, acquaintance plays a key role in moral and aesthetic knowledge. Many pregnant persons have acquaintance with their fetus that provides privileged access to knowledge about that fetus' moral value. This knowledge is (1) very difficult to acquire without being …
Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, disasters, demandingness, and arbitrary distinctions
According to Brad Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, as well as ordinary moral prohibitions against lying, stealing, killing, and harming others, the optimific code will include an over‐riding “prevent disaster clause”. This paper explores two issues related to the disaster clause. The first issue is whether the disaster clause is vague—and whether this is a problem for rule‐consequentialism. I argue that on Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, there wil…
The New Trolley Problem
Discussion of the ethics of driverless cars has often focused on supposed real‐life versions of the famous trolley problem. In these cases, a driverless car is in a position where crashing is unavoidable and all possible crashes risk harm: for example, it can either continue on its current path and crash into five pedestrians or swerve and crash into one pedestrian. There are significant disanalogies between the human versions of the trolley prob…
‘Utilitarianism for animals
It is tempting to think that zebras, goats, lions, and similar animals matter morally, but not in quite the same way people do. This might lead us to adopt a hybrid view of animal ethics such as ‘Utilitarianism for Animals; Deontology for People’. One of the core commitments of deontology is the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing (DDA): the view that doing harm is harder to justify than allowing harm. I explore how this core tenant of deontology appl…
Responses to alcohol and pregnancy policy pilot
The Responses to Alcohol and Pregnancy Policy (RAPP) Project is a pilot study which seeks to address an evidence gap on midwives’ practice and views on mandatory recording of alcohol use during pregnancy, and transfer of this information to the child health record. The study aims to inform development of UK policy on the risks associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The study sampled the views…
Can You Do Harm to Your Fetus? Pregnancy, Barriers, and the Doing/Allowing Distinction
When pregnant persons do not behave in the way deemed optimal for their fetus, they are often framed as doing harm. This framing acts as a justificatory bypass for defenses of widespread expectations of pregnant persons, allowing such defenses to avoid substantial questions about special obligations in pregnancy. Our main claim is that this justificatory bypass is unwarranted: in many cases either the pregnant person does not count as doing harm …
Caring for Everyone
We advance a novel approach to gender inclusive language, showing how it can be used in perinatal and postnatal care. Existing attempts to use language inclusive of trans and non-binary parents have faced objections, prompting calls to use trans-exclusionary “sexed” language as a default (Gribble et al. 2022). We show that these objections attach only to some unsatisfactory attempts at inclusive language. We articulate the moral and communicative…
First-Person Authority over Gender
Suppose I say, “I am a woman.” Many people agree that in almost all cases, it is wrong in some way to challenge this claim because I have some kind of first-person authority over my own gender. Being able to recognize this first-person authority is a key desideratum for accounts of how gender claims function in trans-inclusive contexts. However, there is disagreement about exactly what kind of first-person authority needs to be recognized. Talia …
Epistemology (11 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras) · Medicine (8 obras) · Psychology (8 obras) · Sociology (7 obras) · Harm (6 obras) · Law (6 obras) · Law and economics (6 obras) · Political science (6 obras) · Ethics in medical practice (5 obras)