Arthur C Aufderheide
Biographic Data
| ID | 100317 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Arthur C Aufderheide |
| GIVEN NAMES | Arthur C |
| FAMILY NAME | Aufderheide |
| SIGNATURE | AUFDERHEIDE A C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Minnesota, Duluth |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 181 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1970 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Dietary analysis of Piraino 1, Sicily, Italy: The role of archaeopalynology in forensic science
Soft tissue taphonomy: A paleopathology perspective
Soft tissue preservation system: Applications
Reflections about bizarre mummification practices on mummies at Egypt's Dakhleh oasis: A review
About 100 mummified human remains were excavated from the Dakhleh Oasis in Egypt's Western Desert. Of these, less than half were examined by dissection. These dated to the Late Ptolemaic and Roman Periods. Initially, a confusing pattern of mortuary mummification practices was encountered that was identified ultimately as a product of primarily initial spontaneous mummification by desiccation. This was followed by tomb robbing in antiquity with un…
Problems in determination of skeletal lead burden in archaeological samples: An example from the First African Baptist Church population
Human bone lead content has been demonstrated to be related to socioeconomic status, occupation and other social and environmental correlates. Skeletal tissue samples from 135 individuals from an early nineteenth century Philadelphia cemetery (First African Baptist Church) were studied by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and X‐ray fluorescence for lead content. High bone lead levels led to investigation of possible diagenetic effects…
Pneumonia in Antiquity: A Comparison Between Two Preantibiotic Population Samples From Northern Chile and the United States
This study is an effort to establish the contribution that pneumonia made to the causes of death in antiquity in the Andean coastal region of northern Chile. In addition, results were compared with modern populations from the 1920s, before effective therapy was widely available for this disease. A group of 197 spontaneously ("naturally") desiccated, mummified human remains from South America's western coast between about 19 to 21 degrees South La…
The Bioarchaeological Value of Human Mummies Without Provenience
Thirteen spontaneously (naturally) mummified human bodies with little or no available provenience data were examined by inspection, dissection and tissue chemical analysis. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that useful anthropological/ archaeological and biomedical information could be derived from bodies even when no reliable provenience for recovered mummies is known. Results of studies on these 13 bodies enabled recognition o…
Antiquity of Coca-Leaf Chewing in the South Central Andes: A 3,000 Year Archaeological Record of Coca-Leaf Chewing from Northern Chile
Carbon-14 (14C) dating from mummies of the Alto Ramirez culture confirms that coca leaf chewing was an incipient practice among members of a population that peopled the valleys and coastal areas of Northern Chile by 3,000 years before the present (yr.B.P.). Out of eleven bodies from the burial site of Pisagua-7 (PSG-7, S 19 degrees 35', W 70 degrees 13') that were analyzed, two samples tested positive. Mummy 725-A C2 (dated 3,090 to 2,850 two sig…
Aspects of Ingestion Transmission of Chagas Disease Identified in Mummies and Their Coprolites
Molecular study of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) anciant DNA (aDNA) in the soft (nonskeletal) tissues of 283 naturally (spontaneously) mummified bodies from coastal sites located in southern Peru and northern Chile demonstrated a Chagas disease prevalence rate of about 41% over the past 9,000 years. This rate is similar to that of several endemic areas within this region prior to initiation of public health control programs. This report focuses on…
Pulmonary Disease in a Sample of Mummies From the Az-75 Cemetery in Northern Chile's Azapa Valley
Eight naturally mummified bodies from a low valley archaeological site (Az-75) near the modern port city of Arica in extreme northern Chile were studied. They represent part of the prehistoric cultural phase locally called "Alto Ramirez", that followed the Chinchorro culture in the coastal area of northern Chile between about 1000 B.C. to A.D. 500. Radiocarbon results from this sample dates this group between 350 B.C.-A.D. 500. Anatomic findings …
General Introduction
Human Mummification Practices at Ismant el-Kharab
Isolation ofTrypanosoma cruzi DNA in 4,000-year-old mummified human tissue from northern Chile
A segment of DNA unique to the kinetoplast of Trypanosoma cruzi was isolated from spontaneously mummified human remains from the coastal area of northern Chile at sites dated from 2000 BC to about AD 1400. Following rehydration of the desiccated human tissue samples of heart, esophagus, or colon, the samples were extracted and primers employed to bind to a 330 bp kinetoplast minicircle DNA sequence present in T. cruzi. This segment was then ampli…
Isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in 4,000-year-old mummified human tissue from northern Chile
A segment of DNA unique to the kinetoplast of Trypanosoma cruzi was isolated from spontaneously mummified human remains from the coastal area of northern Chile at sites dated from 2000 bc to about ad 1400. Following rehydration of the desiccated human tissue samples of heart, esophagus, or colon, the samples were extracted and primers employed to bind to a 330 bp kinetoplast minicircle DNA sequence present in T. cruzi. This segment was then ampli…
Pre‐Columbian tuberculosis in Northern Chile: Molecular and skeletal evidence
Analysis of 483 skeletons from Arica (Chile) and review of mummy dissection records demonstrates an overall 1% prevalence rate for tuberculosis between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 1500. Tuberculosis cases cluster in the period A.D. 500–1000 which correlates with fully agropastoral societies. Considering only these agropastoral societies, about 2% of their members show tuberculosis lesions. A segment of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identifi…
Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in a pre-Columbian Peruvian mummy.
The existence of tuberculosis in the pre-Columbian Americas is controversial because the morphology of the lesion is not specific, the organism is culturally nonviable in ancient tissues, and nonpathogenic soil mycobacteria can contaminate buried bodies. We report the recovery of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a lung lesion of a spontaneously mummified, 1000-year-old adult female body in southern Peru. This provides the most specif…
Contributions of Chemical Dietary Reconstruction to the Assessment of Adaptation by Ancient Highland Immigrants (Alto Ramirez) to Coastal Conditions at Pisagua, North Chile
Human Paleopathology: Current Syntheses and Future Options
Health, Demography, and Archaeology of Mille Lacs Native American Mortuary Populations
(1994). Health, Demography, and Archaeology of Mille Lacs Native American Mortuary Populations. Plains Anthropologist: Vol. 39, No. 149, pp. 251-260
Seven Chinchorro mummies and the prehistory of northern Chile
The mummification methods of an ancient maritime population on the northern coast of Chile are reviewed and the findings in an additional seven individuals are reported. Members of this cultural group, Chinchorro, practiced a selective, elaborate form of artificial mummification which persisted more than 4,000 years. Its complexity diminished with time, gradually disappearing after 2,000 B. C. One of the seven individuals herein reported is a rat…
Lead exposure in italy: 800 Bc-700 Ad
Certain social and industrial activities that were common among Imperial Age Romans have been suggested to have caused lead poisoning whose sociological consequences may have afflicted many members of the aristocratic social stratum. Evaluation of this suggestion has awaited quantitative data. This study reports the skeletal lead content of twenty Italian archaeological populations. Imperial Age populations demonstrated up to ten-fold more bone l…
Human paleopathology: Current syntheses and future options
The Frequency and Antiquity of Prehistoric Coca-Leaf-Chewing Practices in Northern Chile: Radioimmunoassay of a Cocaine Metabolite in Human-Mummy Hair
Coca-leaf chewing results in absorption of part of its cocaine content. Following absorption, cocaine and/or its stable metabolic product benzoylecgonine (BZE) may enter the chewer's hair follicles and subsequently be incorporated into the hair shafts. This article reports that a recently developed radioimmunoassay is capable of detecting BZE in hair samples from ancient, spontaneously mummified human remains. Results are provided from tests on h…
Patterning of Skeletal Lead Content in Barbados Slaves
Skeletal lead levels are unexpectedly high (averaging 118 ppm and reaching 424 ppm maximum) in seventeenth to nineteenth century Caribbean slave skull remains. Younger specimens show significantly lower lead concentrations. Historical data confirm the supposition from skeletal lead measurements that blood lead levels probably resulted in lead intoxication symptoms in a significant fraction of this population
Implications of tooth root hypercementosis in a Barbados slave skeletal collection
A 17th‐ to 19th‐century cemetery sample of 104 slaves from Newton Plantation (Barbados) shows uniquely high hypercementosis prevalence, as well as unexpectedly high and variable skeletal lead content. A variety of biological and archeological factors indicates that individuals with lower amounts of these anomalies (relative to age at death) were probably African‐born, first‐generation slaves. The hypercementosis is related to the progression of p…
Lead Contact and Poisoning in Barbados Slaves: Historical, Chemical, and Biological Evidence
Jerome S. Handler, Arthur C. Aufderheide, Robert S. Corruccini, Elizabeth M. Brandon, Lorentz E. Wittmers, Jr., Lead Contact and Poisoning in Barbados Slaves: Historical, Chemical, and Biological Evidence, Social Science History, Vol. 10, No. 4, The Biological Past of the Black (Winter, 1986), pp. 399-425
Patterning of Skeletal Lead Content in Barbados Slaves
Skeletal lead levels are unexpectedly high (averaging 118 ppm and reaching 424 ppm maximum) in seventeenth to nineteenth century Caribbean slave skull remains. Younger specimens show significantly lower lead concentrations. Historical data confirm the supposition from skeletal lead measurements that blood lead levels probably resulted in lead intoxication symptoms in a significant fraction of this population
The Frequency and Antiquity of Prehistoric Coca-Leaf-Chewing Practices in Northern Chile: Radioimmunoassay of a Cocaine Metabolite in Human-Mummy Hair
Coca-leaf chewing results in absorption of part of its cocaine content. Following absorption, cocaine and/or its stable metabolic product benzoylecgonine (BZE) may enter the chewer's hair follicles and subsequently be incorporated into the hair shafts. This article reports that a recently developed radioimmunoassay is capable of detecting BZE in hair samples from ancient, spontaneously mummified human remains. Results are provided from tests on h…
Contributions of Chemical Dietary Reconstruction to the Assessment of Adaptation by Ancient Highland Immigrants (Alto Ramirez) to Coastal Conditions at Pisagua, North Chile
Seven Chinchorro mummies and the prehistory of northern Chile
The mummification methods of an ancient maritime population on the northern coast of Chile are reviewed and the findings in an additional seven individuals are reported. Members of this cultural group, Chinchorro, practiced a selective, elaborate form of artificial mummification which persisted more than 4,000 years. Its complexity diminished with time, gradually disappearing after 2,000 B. C. One of the seven individuals herein reported is a rat…
Pre‐Columbian tuberculosis in Northern Chile: Molecular and skeletal evidence
Analysis of 483 skeletons from Arica (Chile) and review of mummy dissection records demonstrates an overall 1% prevalence rate for tuberculosis between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 1500. Tuberculosis cases cluster in the period A.D. 500–1000 which correlates with fully agropastoral societies. Considering only these agropastoral societies, about 2% of their members show tuberculosis lesions. A segment of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identifi…
Implications of tooth root hypercementosis in a Barbados slave skeletal collection
A 17th‐ to 19th‐century cemetery sample of 104 slaves from Newton Plantation (Barbados) shows uniquely high hypercementosis prevalence, as well as unexpectedly high and variable skeletal lead content. A variety of biological and archeological factors indicates that individuals with lower amounts of these anomalies (relative to age at death) were probably African‐born, first‐generation slaves. The hypercementosis is related to the progression of p…
Lead in bone II: Skeletal‐lead content as an indicator of lifetime lead ingestion and the social correlates in an archaeological population
Measurements of skeletal‐lead content (by atomic absorption spectroscopy) were made for 16 individuals recovered from a Colonial (1670–1730) plantation cemetery in Virginia. Archaeological and historical evidence allowed the identification of two social groups (plantation proprietors and laborers) within this small population, each with vastly different estimated lifetime lead exposure, reflecting different living conditions. Measured bone‐lead l…
Lead exposure in italy: 800 Bc-700 Ad
Certain social and industrial activities that were common among Imperial Age Romans have been suggested to have caused lead poisoning whose sociological consequences may have afflicted many members of the aristocratic social stratum. Evaluation of this suggestion has awaited quantitative data. This study reports the skeletal lead content of twenty Italian archaeological populations. Imperial Age populations demonstrated up to ten-fold more bone l…
Trauma and trephination in a Peruvian mummy
A multidisciplinary team participated in the examination of a colonial era Peruvian mummy. This young adult male had suffered multiple cranial and facial wounds and fractures and he died soon after trephination. Other pathologic findings were limited to the lungs, which showed anthracosilicosis and possible fibrosis. The observed pathology is linked to the two major health hazards of the early colonial era, physical trauma and silver mining. Ther…
Problems in determination of skeletal lead burden in archaeological samples: An example from the First African Baptist Church population
Human bone lead content has been demonstrated to be related to socioeconomic status, occupation and other social and environmental correlates. Skeletal tissue samples from 135 individuals from an early nineteenth century Philadelphia cemetery (First African Baptist Church) were studied by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and X‐ray fluorescence for lead content. High bone lead levels led to investigation of possible diagenetic effects…
Dietary analysis of Piraino 1, Sicily, Italy: The role of archaeopalynology in forensic science
Human Paleopathology: Current Syntheses and Future Options
Observations on Ice Regions of the Arctic Ocean
Reports 7 Mar - 20 Apr observations made by a physician and a high school geography teacher, members of a six-man nonscientific field party of the Plaisted Polar Expedition 1968, which traversed the pack ice from Ward Hunt Island to the geographic North Pole to be evacuated by air. Logistics, using four Bombardier Skidoo snowmobiles to tow 8-ft sleds, weather, and positioning are briefly described. The west wind was so constant that a northerly h…
Trauma and trephination in a Peruvian mummy
A multidisciplinary team participated in the examination of a colonial era Peruvian mummy. This young adult male had suffered multiple cranial and facial wounds and fractures and he died soon after trephination. Other pathologic findings were limited to the lungs, which showed anthracosilicosis and possible fibrosis. The observed pathology is linked to the two major health hazards of the early colonial era, physical trauma and silver mining. Ther…
Lead in bone II: Skeletal‐lead content as an indicator of lifetime lead ingestion and the social correlates in an archaeological population
Measurements of skeletal‐lead content (by atomic absorption spectroscopy) were made for 16 individuals recovered from a Colonial (1670–1730) plantation cemetery in Virginia. Archaeological and historical evidence allowed the identification of two social groups (plantation proprietors and laborers) within this small population, each with vastly different estimated lifetime lead exposure, reflecting different living conditions. Measured bone‐lead l…
Lead in bone III. Prediction of social correlates from skeletal lead content in four Colonial American populations (Catoctin Furnace, College Landing, Governor's Land, and Irene Mound)
Lead content was determined in the skeletal tissue of 82 individuals representing two black and two white Colonial American populations: Catoctin Furnace, College Landing, Governor's Land, and Irene Mound. Group and individual differences in bone lead concentrations were used to assess behavioral, social and occupational characteristics. Variations in skeletal lead content suggested that the white owners of the Catoctin iron furnace shared little…
Lead Contact and Poisoning in Barbados Slaves: Historical, Chemical, and Biological Evidence
Jerome S. Handler, Arthur C. Aufderheide, Robert S. Corruccini, Elizabeth M. Brandon, Lorentz E. Wittmers, Jr., Lead Contact and Poisoning in Barbados Slaves: Historical, Chemical, and Biological Evidence, Social Science History, Vol. 10, No. 4, The Biological Past of the Black (Winter, 1986), pp. 399-425
Patterning of Skeletal Lead Content in Barbados Slaves
Skeletal lead levels are unexpectedly high (averaging 118 ppm and reaching 424 ppm maximum) in seventeenth to nineteenth century Caribbean slave skull remains. Younger specimens show significantly lower lead concentrations. Historical data confirm the supposition from skeletal lead measurements that blood lead levels probably resulted in lead intoxication symptoms in a significant fraction of this population
Implications of tooth root hypercementosis in a Barbados slave skeletal collection
A 17th‐ to 19th‐century cemetery sample of 104 slaves from Newton Plantation (Barbados) shows uniquely high hypercementosis prevalence, as well as unexpectedly high and variable skeletal lead content. A variety of biological and archeological factors indicates that individuals with lower amounts of these anomalies (relative to age at death) were probably African‐born, first‐generation slaves. The hypercementosis is related to the progression of p…
Human paleopathology: Current syntheses and future options
The Frequency and Antiquity of Prehistoric Coca-Leaf-Chewing Practices in Northern Chile: Radioimmunoassay of a Cocaine Metabolite in Human-Mummy Hair
Coca-leaf chewing results in absorption of part of its cocaine content. Following absorption, cocaine and/or its stable metabolic product benzoylecgonine (BZE) may enter the chewer's hair follicles and subsequently be incorporated into the hair shafts. This article reports that a recently developed radioimmunoassay is capable of detecting BZE in hair samples from ancient, spontaneously mummified human remains. Results are provided from tests on h…
Lead exposure in italy: 800 Bc-700 Ad
Certain social and industrial activities that were common among Imperial Age Romans have been suggested to have caused lead poisoning whose sociological consequences may have afflicted many members of the aristocratic social stratum. Evaluation of this suggestion has awaited quantitative data. This study reports the skeletal lead content of twenty Italian archaeological populations. Imperial Age populations demonstrated up to ten-fold more bone l…
Seven Chinchorro mummies and the prehistory of northern Chile
The mummification methods of an ancient maritime population on the northern coast of Chile are reviewed and the findings in an additional seven individuals are reported. Members of this cultural group, Chinchorro, practiced a selective, elaborate form of artificial mummification which persisted more than 4,000 years. Its complexity diminished with time, gradually disappearing after 2,000 B. C. One of the seven individuals herein reported is a rat…
Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in a pre-Columbian Peruvian mummy.
The existence of tuberculosis in the pre-Columbian Americas is controversial because the morphology of the lesion is not specific, the organism is culturally nonviable in ancient tissues, and nonpathogenic soil mycobacteria can contaminate buried bodies. We report the recovery of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a lung lesion of a spontaneously mummified, 1000-year-old adult female body in southern Peru. This provides the most specif…
Contributions of Chemical Dietary Reconstruction to the Assessment of Adaptation by Ancient Highland Immigrants (Alto Ramirez) to Coastal Conditions at Pisagua, North Chile
Human Paleopathology: Current Syntheses and Future Options
Health, Demography, and Archaeology of Mille Lacs Native American Mortuary Populations
(1994). Health, Demography, and Archaeology of Mille Lacs Native American Mortuary Populations. Plains Anthropologist: Vol. 39, No. 149, pp. 251-260
Pre‐Columbian tuberculosis in Northern Chile: Molecular and skeletal evidence
Analysis of 483 skeletons from Arica (Chile) and review of mummy dissection records demonstrates an overall 1% prevalence rate for tuberculosis between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 1500. Tuberculosis cases cluster in the period A.D. 500–1000 which correlates with fully agropastoral societies. Considering only these agropastoral societies, about 2% of their members show tuberculosis lesions. A segment of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identifi…
Human Mummification Practices at Ismant el-Kharab
Isolation ofTrypanosoma cruzi DNA in 4,000-year-old mummified human tissue from northern Chile
A segment of DNA unique to the kinetoplast of Trypanosoma cruzi was isolated from spontaneously mummified human remains from the coastal area of northern Chile at sites dated from 2000 BC to about AD 1400. Following rehydration of the desiccated human tissue samples of heart, esophagus, or colon, the samples were extracted and primers employed to bind to a 330 bp kinetoplast minicircle DNA sequence present in T. cruzi. This segment was then ampli…
Isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in 4,000-year-old mummified human tissue from northern Chile
A segment of DNA unique to the kinetoplast of Trypanosoma cruzi was isolated from spontaneously mummified human remains from the coastal area of northern Chile at sites dated from 2000 bc to about ad 1400. Following rehydration of the desiccated human tissue samples of heart, esophagus, or colon, the samples were extracted and primers employed to bind to a 330 bp kinetoplast minicircle DNA sequence present in T. cruzi. This segment was then ampli…
General Introduction
Pulmonary Disease in a Sample of Mummies From the Az-75 Cemetery in Northern Chile's Azapa Valley
Eight naturally mummified bodies from a low valley archaeological site (Az-75) near the modern port city of Arica in extreme northern Chile were studied. They represent part of the prehistoric cultural phase locally called "Alto Ramirez", that followed the Chinchorro culture in the coastal area of northern Chile between about 1000 B.C. to A.D. 500. Radiocarbon results from this sample dates this group between 350 B.C.-A.D. 500. Anatomic findings …
Antiquity of Coca-Leaf Chewing in the South Central Andes: A 3,000 Year Archaeological Record of Coca-Leaf Chewing from Northern Chile
Carbon-14 (14C) dating from mummies of the Alto Ramirez culture confirms that coca leaf chewing was an incipient practice among members of a population that peopled the valleys and coastal areas of Northern Chile by 3,000 years before the present (yr.B.P.). Out of eleven bodies from the burial site of Pisagua-7 (PSG-7, S 19 degrees 35', W 70 degrees 13') that were analyzed, two samples tested positive. Mummy 725-A C2 (dated 3,090 to 2,850 two sig…
Aspects of Ingestion Transmission of Chagas Disease Identified in Mummies and Their Coprolites
Molecular study of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) anciant DNA (aDNA) in the soft (nonskeletal) tissues of 283 naturally (spontaneously) mummified bodies from coastal sites located in southern Peru and northern Chile demonstrated a Chagas disease prevalence rate of about 41% over the past 9,000 years. This rate is similar to that of several endemic areas within this region prior to initiation of public health control programs. This report focuses on…
Problems in determination of skeletal lead burden in archaeological samples: An example from the First African Baptist Church population
Human bone lead content has been demonstrated to be related to socioeconomic status, occupation and other social and environmental correlates. Skeletal tissue samples from 135 individuals from an early nineteenth century Philadelphia cemetery (First African Baptist Church) were studied by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and X‐ray fluorescence for lead content. High bone lead levels led to investigation of possible diagenetic effects…
Pneumonia in Antiquity: A Comparison Between Two Preantibiotic Population Samples From Northern Chile and the United States
This study is an effort to establish the contribution that pneumonia made to the causes of death in antiquity in the Andean coastal region of northern Chile. In addition, results were compared with modern populations from the 1920s, before effective therapy was widely available for this disease. A group of 197 spontaneously ("naturally") desiccated, mummified human remains from South America's western coast between about 19 to 21 degrees South La…
Geography (17 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (14 works) · Biology (13 works) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (12 works) · Archaeology (11 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (8 works) · Population (8 works) · History (7 works) · Demography (6 works)