Arnold Lohaus
Biographic Data
| ID | 101959 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Arnold Lohaus |
| GIVEN NAMES | Arnold |
| FAMILY NAME | Lohaus |
| SIGNATURE | LOHAUS A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Bielefeld University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7813-0791 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 37 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Associations of stressful life events with stress symptoms and well-being of adolescent refugees
OBJECTIVE: This paper focuses on the relationship between stressful life events experienced by young refugees and their reports of psychological and somatic stress symptoms and well-being. It examines whether this relationship is mediated by personal and social resources and by acculturation hassles experienced in the host country. METHODS: Path analyses were calculated based on data from 147 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years from the Middle East a…
Mental health and resources in adolescents
This longitudinal study examines the reciprocal relationships between self-reported personal and contextual resources, mental health (internalising and externalising symptoms) and wellbeing in adolescents in out-of-home care (OOHC) compared to adolescents living with their biological families (BF). Data from two measurement points (T1, T2) were analysed using path models and multivariate analyses of variance. The results show stabilities of menta…
Specific Maternal Reactions to Anger and the General Mother-Adolescent Relationship
Adolescents’ emotion regulation (ER) is linked to psychosocial adjustment, with familial emotion socialization playing a crucial role. This study explored how specific maternal reactions to anger (i.e., supportive, unsupportive) and the general mother-adolescent relationship (i.e., closeness, negative interactions) relate to adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems, and whether these associations are mediated by adolescents’ use of f…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters für Bachelor
Health-related quality of life of young refugees in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 outbreak forced widespread changes in minors’ daily life with a risk of compromising well-being. So far, little is known about how health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of young refugees has developed during this time, although they belong to a vulnerable group. In a cross-sectional analysis during the first year of the pandemic, minors aged 8 to 16 years with and without refugee experience ( n each = 156) were surveyed, using self-…
Personal and social resources in the context of adolescent sleep
OBJECTIVE: The existing literature has focused little on the health-promoting role of resources for sleep. Mainly risk factors have been highlighted regarding mental health in general. Moreover, for the vulnerable age group of adolescents, resources and their relation to sleep have hardly been explored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the predictive role of personal/social resources for the likelihood of having chronic sleep problems in…
Religious Identity and its Relation to Health-Related Quality of Life and Covid-Related Stress of Refugee Children and Adolescents in Germany
Research shows that religious identity is associated with health. The aim of this study was to understand the role of religious identity for refugee minors’ health in greater detail. Middle Eastern refugee minors resettled in Germany and aged 8–18 years completed questionnaires at baseline (T1, n = 246) and follow-up (T2, n = 122) measurement between 2019 and 2022. Religious identity was assessed with a 4-item measure (Cronbach’s α = .89). Associ…
Longitudinal relationships between coping strategies, cultural orientations, and mental health among young refugees from the Middle East in Germany
Emotion regulation among Chinese and German children and adolescents
Emotion regulation has been a central research topic in developmental psychology and psychopathology for several decades. Habitual use of adaptive (e.g., cognitive reappraisal) or maladaptive strategies (e.g., expressive suppression) may influence psychosocial adjustment in children and adolescents. Despite consensus on the influence of culture on emotion regulation, little is known about cultural differences in emotion regulation in children and…
Latent growth curve analyses of emotional awareness and emotion regulation in early and middle adolescence
The importance of emotional awareness (EA) and emotion regulation (ER) for children’s and adolescents’ development has been suggested in numerous studies, but longitudinal trajectories of these aspects of emotional competence have rarely been examined. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate developmental trends of EA and ER in early and middle adolescence over a 1-year period. Longitudinal increases of different aspects of EA (e…
Caregiving quality modulates neuroendocrine and immunological markers in young children in foster care who have experienced early adversity
BACKGROUND: Early adversity is believed to alter the body's stress-response systems, putting children at increased risk for somatic and mental health problems. However, it remains unclear whether such alterations normalize under improved caregiving experiences. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate (a) whether children in foster care show endocrine and immunological alterations relative to children living with their biological fa…
Process-Oriented Measurement of Emotion Regulation
The development of emotion regulation (ER) is associated with children's and adolescents' psychosocial adjustment and well-being. In this regard, previous studies have examined the role of different ER strategies, which can be characterized as being functional (e.g., reappraisal, problem solving) or dysfunctional (e.g., suppression, rumination). Based on the process model of emotion regulation, the strategies can also be classified according to t…
Longitudinal Associations Between Parenting and Child Behaviour Problems and the Moderating Effect of Child Callous Unemotional Traits in Foster and Biological Families
The goals of the current study were to examine (i) differences in parenting between foster and biological parents, (ii) the longitudinal associations with children's internalising and externalising problems and iii) the potential moderation of these by children's callous-unemotional traits (CU traits). Data from 86 foster children (M = 4.44 years, male = 48%) and 148 biological children (M = 3.69 years, male = 49%) with their families were analys…
How Anxious are German Preschool Children
The experience of fear is universal and is among the earliest of all forms of psychopathology, if excessively present. To prevent negative developmental outcomes due to early-onset excessive fears in children, it is important to systematically assess these experiences as early as possible. Using the preschool anxiety scale (PAS), we aimed to assess the frequency and structure of anxiety symptoms of 489 preschool-aged children raised in their biol…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Jugendalters
Participation in social network sites
This paper compares offline friendships of preadolescents and adolescents with and without a social network site (SNS) account, and for those who reported having an SNS account, it compares their offline and online friendships. The sample consisted of 1,890 preadolescents and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years, 72.1% of them with an SNS account. All participants had to describe a good friend whom they meet predominantly offline. The participants wit…
Differential Development of Motor Abilities in Western Middle-Class and Cameroonian Nso Infants
The present longitudinal study repeatedly tested motor development in 345 infants at ages 3, 6, and 9 months in two eco-cultural contexts (German middle-class and Cameroonian Nso). To analyze differential motor developments and its co-determinants (parental education and growth in weight), person-centered analyses (hierarchical cluster analyses) were applied. Results indicate that cluster analyses of fine motor development scores led to two cultu…
Gross and Fine Motor Differences Between Cameroonian and German Children Aged 3 to 40 Months
Based on longitudinal data, this study compared the gross and fine motor development of Cameroonian Nso children and German middle-class children with assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 40 months. A total of 345 infants from Cameroon ( n = 73) and Germany ( n = 272) were recruited for this study. Complete longitudinal gross and fine motor assessments based on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III were available for subsamples of the originally rec…
African Versus Caucasian Faces in a Visual Expectation Paradigm
This article focuses on sequence learning on the Visual Expectation Paradigm (VExP) using human faces as stimulus material. For a sample of 133 Caucasian German infants assessed longitudinally at 3 and 6 months of age, a previous study has shown that the response latency of 6-month-old infants was shorter when the infants solved the task with Caucasian own-race faces in contrast to African other-race faces. The advantage for own-race faces occurs…
Mother-Infant Interactions at Home and in a Laboratory Setting
This study addresses the question how the setting of assessment influences maternal playing behavior with their 3-month-old infants across cultures. Mother-infant interactions of 338 dyads from two cultural communities (German middle-class and rural Cameroonian Nso) were videotaped either in their home or in a laboratory setting. Results indicate that both settings of assessment are appropriate to observe cultural differences in maternal interact…
Imitative Learning of Nso and German Infants at 6 and 9 Months of Age
The present study focused on the assessment of imitation performance in a large sample of 6- and 9-month-old infants from two different cultural contexts: German middle-class infants from urban areas and Nso infants from a rural area in northwestern Cameroon were tested by using age-adapted deferred imitation tasks that were varied regarding their cultural familiarity (two types of instruments each being highly familiar for one of the two cultura…
The Other‐Race Effect in a Longitudinal Sample of 3‐, 6‐ and 9‐Month‐Old Infants
We investigated the development of the other‐race effect “ ORE ” in a longitudinal sample of 3‐, 6‐, and 9‐month‐old C aucasian infants. Previous research using cross‐sectional samples has shown an unstable ORE at 3 months, an increase at 6 months and full development at 9 months. In Experiment 1, we tested whether 9‐month‐olds showed the ORE with C aucasian and A frican faces. As expected, the 9‐month‐olds discriminated faces within their own et…
Media and Stress in Adolescent Boys in Germany
The study is on the effects of entertainment media on physiological and psychological indicators of stress. The concept of stress is considered to play a key role in the explanation of the effects of media use on aggression, academic performance, and health. Two types of media (television and video games) and violent versus nonviolent content were compared. Differential effects on physiological measures (heart rate [HR], heart rate variability [H…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters
The Bio-Culture of Parenting
Objective. This study analyzes culturally formed parenting styles during infancy, as related to the sociocultural orientations of independence and interdependence. Design. Free-play situations between mothers and 3-month-old infants were videotaped in 5 cultural communities that differ according to their sociocultural orientations: cultural communities in West Africa (N = 26), Gujarat in India (N = 39), Costa Rica (N = 21), Greece (N = 51), and G…
Parenting Styles and Health-Related Behavior in Childhood and Early Adolescence
This study addresses the development of health-related behavior during childhood and adolescence and the protective influence of an authoritative parenting style. The study is based on two samples followed from Grades 2 through 5 and from Grades 4 through 7. The first sample consisted of 432 second graders with a mean age of 7.9 years at the beginning of the study, while the second sample consisted of 366 fourth graders with a mean age of 10.1 ye…
Maternal Interactional Quality in Two Cultural Environments
This study compares German urban middle class with Cameroonian rural Nso mothers interacting with their 4-, 8-, and 12-week-olds on two dimensions of parenting: sensitivity and responsive control. Although the first concept is well-established in the literature, we suggest responsive control as the essence of good parenting leading to optimal development according to Nso mothers' ethnotheories. Although the two concepts differentiate between the …
Children and Parents as Informants of Emotional and Behavioural Problems Predicting Female and Male Adolescent Risk Behaviour
Concepts of Mother-Infant Interaction in Greece and Germany
This study deals with parenting from a cultural perspective. Based on Kagitcibasi's model of the autonomous relational self, the authors analyzed Greek urban middle-class mothers' parenting strategies and compared them with German urban middle-class mothers' parenting styles. Interactional behaviors were assessed during videotaped, free-play home observations. It was assumed that urban middle-class Greek and German mothers do not differ in their …
Imitative Learning of Nso and German Infants at 6 and 9 Months of Age
The present study focused on the assessment of imitation performance in a large sample of 6- and 9-month-old infants from two different cultural contexts: German middle-class infants from urban areas and Nso infants from a rural area in northwestern Cameroon were tested by using age-adapted deferred imitation tasks that were varied regarding their cultural familiarity (two types of instruments each being highly familiar for one of the two cultura…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters
Maternal Sensitivity
Objective. In this article, maternal sensitivity as a measure of parenting quality is analyzed for (1) situational independence, (2) interrelations among components of sensitivity (signal perception, correct interpretation, prompt, and appropriate reaction), and (3) relations to emotional warmth and behavioral contingency. \nDesign. The interactions of 60 mother - infant pairs at 3 months were videotaped in contexts of caregiving and free-play in…
Gross and Fine Motor Differences Between Cameroonian and German Children Aged 3 to 40 Months
Based on longitudinal data, this study compared the gross and fine motor development of Cameroonian Nso children and German middle-class children with assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 40 months. A total of 345 infants from Cameroon ( n = 73) and Germany ( n = 272) were recruited for this study. Complete longitudinal gross and fine motor assessments based on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III were available for subsamples of the originally rec…
The Prediction of Health-related Behaviour in Elementary School Children
This study investigates the importance of psychological concepts with regard to health-related behaviour in elementary school children based on self-report data of 802 second- and fourth-graders. The results show significant relations of self-efficacy and the choice of appropriate coping strategies to positive health-related behaviours. The amount of stress experiences (measured by the Youth Self-Report) is associated to health-risky behaviours f…
Stability and change in longitudinal water-level task performance
Three longitudinal samples of children (N = 481), 8 to 16 years old, were assessed 3 times at yearly intervals on 8 water-level items. The within-child change in task performance over age is viewed as a stochastic process of the child changing or remaining in 1 of 3 latent (strategy) states: (a) bottom-parallel responders, (b) random responders, or (c) accurate responders. A random-effects binomial mixture distribution is used to model performanc…
Standardizations in methods of data collection
In psychological methods of data collection restrictions set by the investigator quite often diminish the freedom of decision of the subjects: the subjects can only act within the frame of reference provided by the researcher. This paper wants to show the disadvantageous influence such predecisions can have on the results of an inquiry if they do not correspond to the inner representations of the subjects. This is demonstrated empirically for the…
Stability and change in longitudinal water-level task performance
Three longitudinal samples of children (N = 481), 8 to 16 years old, were assessed 3 times at yearly intervals on 8 water-level items. The within-child change in task performance over age is viewed as a stochastic process of the child changing or remaining in 1 of 3 latent (strategy) states: (a) bottom-parallel responders, (b) random responders, or (c) accurate responders. A random-effects binomial mixture distribution is used to model performanc…
Maternal Sensitivity
Objective. In this article, maternal sensitivity as a measure of parenting quality is analyzed for (1) situational independence, (2) interrelations among components of sensitivity (signal perception, correct interpretation, prompt, and appropriate reaction), and (3) relations to emotional warmth and behavioral contingency. \nDesign. The interactions of 60 mother - infant pairs at 3 months were videotaped in contexts of caregiving and free-play in…
Concepts of Mother-Infant Interaction in Greece and Germany
This study deals with parenting from a cultural perspective. Based on Kagitcibasi's model of the autonomous relational self, the authors analyzed Greek urban middle-class mothers' parenting strategies and compared them with German urban middle-class mothers' parenting styles. Interactional behaviors were assessed during videotaped, free-play home observations. It was assumed that urban middle-class Greek and German mothers do not differ in their …
The Bio-Culture of Parenting
Objective. This study analyzes culturally formed parenting styles during infancy, as related to the sociocultural orientations of independence and interdependence. Design. Free-play situations between mothers and 3-month-old infants were videotaped in 5 cultural communities that differ according to their sociocultural orientations: cultural communities in West Africa (N = 26), Gujarat in India (N = 39), Costa Rica (N = 21), Greece (N = 51), and G…
The Prediction of Health-related Behaviour in Elementary School Children
This study investigates the importance of psychological concepts with regard to health-related behaviour in elementary school children based on self-report data of 802 second- and fourth-graders. The results show significant relations of self-efficacy and the choice of appropriate coping strategies to positive health-related behaviours. The amount of stress experiences (measured by the Youth Self-Report) is associated to health-risky behaviours f…
Gender Differences in Coping Strategies in Children and Adolescents
The present study focuses on gender effects and interactions between gender, type of stressful situation, and age-group in coping strategies in childhood and adolescence. The sample consisted of N = 1990 children and adolescents (957 boys, 1033 girls; grade levels 3-8). Participants responded to a coping questionnaire (Fragebogen zur Erhebung von Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kindes- und Jugendalter, SSKJ 3-8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann, & Kl…
Parenting Styles and Health-Related Behavior in Childhood and Early Adolescence
This study addresses the development of health-related behavior during childhood and adolescence and the protective influence of an authoritative parenting style. The study is based on two samples followed from Grades 2 through 5 and from Grades 4 through 7. The first sample consisted of 432 second graders with a mean age of 7.9 years at the beginning of the study, while the second sample consisted of 366 fourth graders with a mean age of 10.1 ye…
Children and Parents as Informants of Emotional and Behavioural Problems Predicting Female and Male Adolescent Risk Behaviour
Children's Perception of Relations between Anger or Anxiety and Coping
The main research question of this study is whether children's emotional responses to specific stress‐evoking situations (anger or anxiety) and the coping strategies they would use are related. Furthermore, it is asked if these relationships are consistent over a specific age range. A total sample of 432 second graders participated in a longitudinal study with repeated measurements at grades 3, 4 and 5. The children were presented with four short…
Psychologische Fo rder- und Interventionsprogramme fu r das Kindes- und Jugendalter
Maternal Interactional Quality in Two Cultural Environments
This study compares German urban middle class with Cameroonian rural Nso mothers interacting with their 4-, 8-, and 12-week-olds on two dimensions of parenting: sensitivity and responsive control. Although the first concept is well-established in the literature, we suggest responsive control as the essence of good parenting leading to optimal development according to Nso mothers' ethnotheories. Although the two concepts differentiate between the …
Media and Stress in Adolescent Boys in Germany
The study is on the effects of entertainment media on physiological and psychological indicators of stress. The concept of stress is considered to play a key role in the explanation of the effects of media use on aggression, academic performance, and health. Two types of media (television and video games) and violent versus nonviolent content were compared. Differential effects on physiological measures (heart rate [HR], heart rate variability [H…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters
Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters
The Other‐Race Effect in a Longitudinal Sample of 3‐, 6‐ and 9‐Month‐Old Infants
We investigated the development of the other‐race effect “ ORE ” in a longitudinal sample of 3‐, 6‐, and 9‐month‐old C aucasian infants. Previous research using cross‐sectional samples has shown an unstable ORE at 3 months, an increase at 6 months and full development at 9 months. In Experiment 1, we tested whether 9‐month‐olds showed the ORE with C aucasian and A frican faces. As expected, the 9‐month‐olds discriminated faces within their own et…
Differential Development of Motor Abilities in Western Middle-Class and Cameroonian Nso Infants
The present longitudinal study repeatedly tested motor development in 345 infants at ages 3, 6, and 9 months in two eco-cultural contexts (German middle-class and Cameroonian Nso). To analyze differential motor developments and its co-determinants (parental education and growth in weight), person-centered analyses (hierarchical cluster analyses) were applied. Results indicate that cluster analyses of fine motor development scores led to two cultu…
Gross and Fine Motor Differences Between Cameroonian and German Children Aged 3 to 40 Months
Based on longitudinal data, this study compared the gross and fine motor development of Cameroonian Nso children and German middle-class children with assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 40 months. A total of 345 infants from Cameroon ( n = 73) and Germany ( n = 272) were recruited for this study. Complete longitudinal gross and fine motor assessments based on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III were available for subsamples of the originally rec…
African Versus Caucasian Faces in a Visual Expectation Paradigm
This article focuses on sequence learning on the Visual Expectation Paradigm (VExP) using human faces as stimulus material. For a sample of 133 Caucasian German infants assessed longitudinally at 3 and 6 months of age, a previous study has shown that the response latency of 6-month-old infants was shorter when the infants solved the task with Caucasian own-race faces in contrast to African other-race faces. The advantage for own-race faces occurs…
Mother-Infant Interactions at Home and in a Laboratory Setting
This study addresses the question how the setting of assessment influences maternal playing behavior with their 3-month-old infants across cultures. Mother-infant interactions of 338 dyads from two cultural communities (German middle-class and rural Cameroonian Nso) were videotaped either in their home or in a laboratory setting. Results indicate that both settings of assessment are appropriate to observe cultural differences in maternal interact…
Imitative Learning of Nso and German Infants at 6 and 9 Months of Age
The present study focused on the assessment of imitation performance in a large sample of 6- and 9-month-old infants from two different cultural contexts: German middle-class infants from urban areas and Nso infants from a rural area in northwestern Cameroon were tested by using age-adapted deferred imitation tasks that were varied regarding their cultural familiarity (two types of instruments each being highly familiar for one of the two cultura…
Participation in social network sites
This paper compares offline friendships of preadolescents and adolescents with and without a social network site (SNS) account, and for those who reported having an SNS account, it compares their offline and online friendships. The sample consisted of 1,890 preadolescents and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years, 72.1% of them with an SNS account. All participants had to describe a good friend whom they meet predominantly offline. The participants wit…
Entwicklungspsychologie des Jugendalters
How Anxious are German Preschool Children
The experience of fear is universal and is among the earliest of all forms of psychopathology, if excessively present. To prevent negative developmental outcomes due to early-onset excessive fears in children, it is important to systematically assess these experiences as early as possible. Using the preschool anxiety scale (PAS), we aimed to assess the frequency and structure of anxiety symptoms of 489 preschool-aged children raised in their biol…
Caregiving quality modulates neuroendocrine and immunological markers in young children in foster care who have experienced early adversity
BACKGROUND: Early adversity is believed to alter the body's stress-response systems, putting children at increased risk for somatic and mental health problems. However, it remains unclear whether such alterations normalize under improved caregiving experiences. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate (a) whether children in foster care show endocrine and immunological alterations relative to children living with their biological fa…
Psychology (33 works) · Developmental psychology (29 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (16 works) · Clinical Psychology (15 works) · Medicine (14 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (10 works) · German (10 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Longitudinal study (8 works)